daCexili saqarTvelo
daCexili saqarTvelo
daCexili saqarTvelo
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20 saerTo gazeTi #33 (217), 25-31.VII, 2012 w.<br />
mogzauroba samSobloSi<br />
alaTasa,<br />
balaTasa...<br />
tye-javaxeTi<br />
mmarrTalia, tye-jjavaxeTSi admministrraciul-tterritorriulimmniSvnelobis<br />
xevebi da xeobebi arr gvxvdeba,<br />
mmagrramm sammogzaurro mmarrSrrutebis dadgenisas<br />
mmainc mmcirre mmdinarreebis orrientirrebiT<br />
unda visarrgebloT. aqq sammi<br />
aseTi mmdinarrea: sarroswyali, WWobarreTiswyali<br />
da barraleTiswyali, rrommelTac<br />
TavTavianTi Rele-SSenakadebi<br />
aqqvT.<br />
* * *<br />
moliTidan samxreTiT veSvebiT<br />
da baraleTiswylis marjvena sanapiros<br />
mivyvebiT, sadac pirveli ori<br />
sofeli Cixarula (Wirxarula) da<br />
balanTaa. Wirxarula dRes umTavresad<br />
somxebiTaa dasaxlebuli, balan-<br />
Ta ki qarTvelebiT. borjomis raionis<br />
sazRvaric aq sruldeba. eklesia,<br />
Tundac dangreuli, arcerT am sofelSi<br />
ar aris SemorCenili, Tumca<br />
balanTelebi soflidan moSorebul<br />
teritoriaze erT saintereso gamosaxulebian<br />
lods miCveneben. igi saydris<br />
arqitravis natexi unda iyos.<br />
zed, mgoni, xari unda yofiliyo gamoxatuli.<br />
balanTaSi mcxovreb maRraZeebs,<br />
meliqiZeebs, berZeniSvilebsa<br />
da zevdginiZeebs, romelTac ZiriTadad<br />
mesaqonleobiT gaaqvT Tavi, am<br />
adgilebSi baRebi aqvT gaSenebuli da<br />
rogorc amboben, soflis saxelwodebac<br />
balidan momdinareobs (baliani<br />
mTa) _ am simaRleze bali rom xarobdes,<br />
sxvagan ver naxavTo. me balanTelebis<br />
sxva naTqvams ufro daueWveblad<br />
viziareb _ gadmocemiT viciT,<br />
rom am midamoebSi sofeli<br />
alanTac iyoo. ufro metic _`Wonas~<br />
striqnebi maxsendeba: `alaTasa, bala-<br />
Tasa Camovkideb kalaTasa, dedi, er-<br />
Ti kvercxi momec, RmerTi mogcems<br />
baraqasa~. sofel alanTa da balanTa<br />
xom ar igulisxmeba simReris teqst-<br />
Si? balanTis erT ubanSi Zveleburi<br />
saxlis gadaRebisas aseT suraTs vxedav:<br />
winkarSi Tavsafriani dedakaci<br />
azavreTis taZris fasadebi<br />
da Tevdores warwera<br />
Camomjdara jorkoze, cali xeliT<br />
jaWvze Camokidebul sadRvebels arwevs,<br />
meoreTi _ akvans. dedakaci Cemken<br />
arc ki iyureba, fiqrebSi garTula.<br />
mec fiqrma wamiRo _ vinc icis,<br />
aseT dedas umReroda `Wonas~ avtori?...<br />
balanTis mere baraleTiswyals<br />
dasavleTidan jer medegiswyali er-<br />
Tvis, Semdeg ki burnaSeTiswyali,<br />
romelsac es saxeli mis Suawelze<br />
mdebare sofel burnaSeTisgan usesxebia.<br />
burnaSeTi ukve axalqalaqis<br />
raions ekuTvnis da XIX saukunis<br />
pirvel naxevarSi mosuli somxebiTaa<br />
dasaxlebuli. soflis Zveli saxeli<br />
burnaSeni yofila, rasac dasaxlebis<br />
TavSi mdebare eklesiis SigniT Semonaxuli<br />
XII-XIII saukuneebis erTi<br />
warwera adasturebs: `saxeliTa<br />
RmrTisaiTa da SuamdgomlobiTa wmidisa<br />
giorgisaTa, davwere me giorgiman,<br />
Tquen burnaSnelTa mRdelTa _<br />
mogec yanai Tiqaroans Cemgan nasyidi~.<br />
X saukuniT TariRdeba eklesiis<br />
agebis Tanadrouli warwera, romelic<br />
aRmosavleT fasadze, sarkmlis<br />
Tavzea moTavsebuli daniel winaswarmetyvelis<br />
lomTa xaroSi yofnis<br />
burnaSeTis `wm. giorgi~ aRmosavleT sarkmlis warweriT<br />
amsaxvel reliefur siuJetTan er-<br />
Tad: `ufalo, viTarca ixsen daniel<br />
pirisagan lomTaisa, egre ixsen amis<br />
wmidisa eklesiisa maSenebelni xel-<br />
Tagan jojoxeTisagan~.<br />
xsenebuli eklesia, romelic axali<br />
aRdgenilia, darbazuli tipisaa,<br />
mas dasavleTidan da samxreTidan<br />
garSemosavleli aqvs miSenebuli. dasavleTidan<br />
am miSanSenSi sworkuTxa<br />
karia gaWrili, samxreTidan ki samTa-<br />
Rovani karibWe. taZari umetesad movardisfro<br />
Tlili qviTaa nagebi da<br />
adre galavniT yofila SemozRuduli.<br />
sad wavida aqauri ZirZveli qar-<br />
Tuli mosaxleoba, Zneli saTqmelia.<br />
varaudoben, rom igi mezobel TrialeTSi<br />
gadasaxlda da iqaur sofelsac<br />
burnaSeTi daarqva, magram dRes<br />
arc TrialeTis burnaSeTSi cxovrobs<br />
qarTveloba, iqac somxebi arian<br />
mosulebi da eklesia iqac mitovebulia.<br />
ramdenad realuria zeviT<br />
moyvanili varaudi, Zneli dasadgenia.<br />
saqme is aris, rom TrialeTis burnaSeTis<br />
ekllesiac X saukunisaa,<br />
xolo mis vrcel qarTul-nusxur<br />
warwerebSi naxsenebia am periodis<br />
adgilobrivi feodali, saydris qtitori<br />
lagvalaisZe.<br />
axalqalaqis raionis burnaSeTi<br />
zRvis donidan 1900 metrzea. kidev<br />
ufro zeviTaa baraleTiswylis momdevno<br />
Senakadis saTaveSi mdebare<br />
sofeli azavreTi, romelic yvelaze<br />
maRali dasaxlebaa aramarto javaxeTSi,<br />
aramed mTel aRmosavleT <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si<br />
(zRvis donidan 2100 m).<br />
azaveri Zveli qarTuli sityvaa da<br />
sakidar xars niSnavs, rac imis maniSnebelia,<br />
rom subalpur zonaSi<br />
mdebare sofels am jiSisa da daniSnulebis<br />
saukeTeso xarebi hyavda.<br />
aseTi xarebi araTu ar hyavT, maTi<br />
gagebac ki ar aqvT XIX saukunis 70ian<br />
wlebidan aq mosaxle arzrumel<br />
somxebs.<br />
azavreTi sakmaod mWidrod dasaxlebuli<br />
sofelia, sadac zafxulobiT<br />
gansakuTrebuli xalxmravlobaa.<br />
am periodSi saSovarze Tu<br />
sacxovreblad somxeTSi wasuli sa-<br />
Sualo Taobis didi nawili mSoblebTan<br />
brundeba jalabiT. es sofelSi<br />
SesvlisTanave TvalSi gecemaT:<br />
janiani kacebi Tivis zvinebs<br />
dgamen, xandazmulebi safixvnoSi sxedan,<br />
balRebi velosipedebs daaqroleben<br />
da saxedrebs daarbenineben.<br />
ufrosTagan zog-zogma sayvelpuro<br />
qarTuli icis da sarwyavi arxis<br />
wesrigSi moyvanas gvTxovs...<br />
eklesia soflis TavSi, orsar-<br />
Tulian, awowil sacxovrebel saxlebSia<br />
Cakarguli. arada, es sakmaod<br />
didi darbazuli saydaria. erTi SexedviT<br />
igi, TiTqos, burnaSeTis eklesias<br />
hgavs, magram, kargad rom daakvirdebi,<br />
masze adrindelicaa da<br />
ukeT nagebic... qvebic sxvagvaradaa<br />
damuSavebuli da dalagebuli _ originalurad<br />
da xatovnad. samxreTis<br />
derefanSi Tavdapirvelad orTaRovani<br />
karibWe yofila gaWrili, magram<br />
mere cali TaRi amouqolavT. taZris<br />
Sverili absidis qvaTa forma da<br />
wyoba, kbilana lavgardanis SemorCenili<br />
fragmentebi da sxva detalebi<br />
nagebobas IX saukuniT aTariRebs. aRmosavleTl<br />
sarkmlis TavsarTSi arsebuli<br />
reliefi isea damdnari, gadaWriT<br />
ver ityvi, ras gamosaxavs,<br />
Tumca rCeba STabeWdileba, rom es<br />
veSapis mier ionas STanTqmis da muclidan<br />
amosvlis amsaxveli siuJetia.<br />
Zalian sainteresodaa SemorCenili<br />
dasavleTi fasadi. mis zeda monakveTSi<br />
moCans ori amoqolili Ta-<br />
Ri _ kedelSi SemorCenilia aramarto<br />
ovaluri qvebi, aramed maTi kapitelebic.<br />
dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom<br />
adre es gaxsnili orTaRedi patronikes<br />
ekuTvnoda. patronike, romelic<br />
dasavleTis minaSenis meore sarTuls<br />
warmoadgenda, mogvianebiT<br />
daqceula da raki<br />
aRdgena ver mouxerxebiaT,<br />
orTaRedi amouqolavT<br />
da Sig cali<br />
sarkmeli dautanebiaT.<br />
gasula xani da uyuradRebobis<br />
gamo kamarac<br />
Camoqcevia taZars.<br />
arada, xuroTmoZRvars<br />
Tavis droze gadaxurvis<br />
saimedobisTvis<br />
gansakuTrebiT uzrunvia<br />
da kamara eqvsi Ta-<br />
RiT Seukravs. am TaRebis<br />
nair-nairi impostebi<br />
axlac aris Car-<br />
Cenili kedlebSi. darbazuli<br />
taZris aseTi<br />
mravalferovani gadaxurva<br />
manglisTan axlos<br />
mdebare axalsoflis<br />
(lakvis) petrepavles<br />
nataZralSi Tu<br />
SegxvdebaT mxolod.<br />
azavreTis didebuli<br />
taZris xuroTmoZRvris saxeli cnobilia<br />
sakurTxevlis absidis marcxena<br />
napirze SemorCenili nakveTi warweridan:<br />
`ufalo, Tevdore _ amis ma-<br />
Senebeli Seiwyale~.<br />
WeSmariti ostati yofila Tevdore.<br />
...azavreTisa da baraleTis wylebis<br />
SesarTavidan dasavleTiT, erT<br />
kilometrSi aris mTlianad qarTvelebiT<br />
dasaxlebuli mozrdili sofeli<br />
koTelia.<br />
koTeliis mosaxleobis erTi nawili<br />
ZirZveli gvareulobebia (naTenaZe,<br />
zevdginiZe, meliqiZe, winwkalaZe,<br />
beriZe, zariZe, fanjikiZe), meore nawili<br />
mosuli qarTvelobaa (ananiaSvili,<br />
namoraZe, koptonaSvili, sarali-<br />
Ze, aCelaSvili, sabaSvili, xuciSvili,<br />
beruaSvili, elizbaraSvili, zurabaSvili,<br />
metreveli). rac SeexebaT<br />
lazariaSvilebs da xmalaZeebs, Zneli<br />
dasadgenia, aqedan arian qiziySi wasulni,<br />
Tu iqidan aqeT mosulni. saerTod,<br />
sofelSi dRes kaxur-qiziyuri<br />
saxeebi da kilokavi Warbobs. ko-<br />
Telias am mxareSi yvelaze vrceli<br />
savargulebi aqvs, magram simdidriT<br />
mainc CamorCeba sxva did javaxur<br />
soflebs. mezobeli baraleTisa da<br />
mereniis somxebs rom hkiTxo, amis mizezad<br />
qarTvelTa sizarmaces daasaxeleben,<br />
magram sinamdvileSi Tavi da<br />
Tavi mizezi uwylobaa. maSin, roca<br />
baraleTi, Rrtila da merenia wyals<br />
miaqvs, koTelias sasmeladac ki enatreba.<br />
bolo dros, erTi-ori biznesmenis<br />
gamoCenasTan erTad, TiTqos generatorze<br />
momuSave wyalsaqaCic gamoCnda,<br />
magram sanam rigSi Camdgari ko-<br />
Telielebi baraleTidan aq mouSveben<br />
wyals, kartofilis nargavebs wyurvili<br />
klavs. ai, meore dRea, rac karaleTSi<br />
varT gaCerebuli da wyaros<br />
wyalic ki erTi kilometridan mogvaqvs<br />
Cveni `niviT~, danarCeni sofeli<br />
mas urikebiT ezideba.<br />
soflis centrSi dgas wminda<br />
kvirikes eklesia `kvirikeTi~, romlis<br />
dasavleT kexze XIX saukuneSi<br />
mcire samreklo SemoudgamT. Tavad<br />
eklesia, romelic Tlili qviTaa nagebi,<br />
XVI saukuneSi aRumarTavT. saydris<br />
kedelze amokveTili mxedruli<br />
warwera gveubneba: `q. amis wmidisa<br />
kvirikes saydrisa aRmSenebelsa qiSvads<br />
da Tanamecxedresa, mefis asuls<br />
Tamars Seundos RmerTman~.<br />
warwera XVI saukunisaa. es is<br />
qiSvad avaliSvili unda iyos, romelsac<br />
Tavisi gvar-saxeli amave periodis<br />
likanis taZris samrekloze aqvs<br />
datovebuli. aseve SeiZleba davaskvnaT,<br />
rom misi meuRle Tamari luarsab<br />
I-is qaliSvilia. aRsaniSnavia, rom<br />
1535 wels imerTa mefe bagrat III-m<br />
luarsab I-is TanadgomiT aqve, murjaxeTSi,<br />
omi mougo osmaleTs da javaxeTi<br />
1545 wlade imereTs dauqvemdebara.<br />
qiSvads da Tamars swored am xanebSi<br />
eqnebaT agebuli es eklesia,<br />
romlis qveS, momdevno wlebSi osmalosagan<br />
Seviwroebul mosaxleobas<br />
samalavi darnebi mouwyia. es ambavi<br />
koTeliis skolis direqtorma, 85<br />
wlis vasil xuciSvilma gviTxra, romelmac<br />
aseve soflis TavSi, borcvze<br />
Semodgmuli qvajvari da kviracxovlis<br />
niSic gviCvena.<br />
gela qoqiaSvili<br />
avtoris fotoebi<br />
koTeliis `wm. kvirike~
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