You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
24 saerTo gazeTi #36 (220), 22-28.VIII, 2012 w.<br />
mogzauroba<br />
samSobloSi<br />
baraleTi, sadac wina mogzaurobisas<br />
SevCerdiT, faqtobrivad, tyejavaxeTis<br />
centri da gzagasayaria:<br />
dasavleTis gza azavreTisken midis,<br />
CrdiloeTisa _ tabawyurisken, aRmosavleTisa<br />
_ Rrtilisa da samsarisken,<br />
samxreTisa _ axalqalaqisken.<br />
samxreTis gzas Cven gvian davadgebiT,<br />
roca centralur javaxeTSi,<br />
anu axalqalaqis vakeSi vimogzavrebT,<br />
Tumca, raki baraleTSi<br />
vimyofebiT, masze samxreTidan mikrul<br />
xidijvarSi mainc unda SevixedoT.<br />
* * *<br />
xidijvari nasoflari alagia.<br />
adre aq Zalian patara, samkomliani<br />
qarTuli dasaxleba yofila, romelsac<br />
1739 wlamde uarsebia. aw<br />
gardacvlili devi berZeniSvilisgan<br />
vicodi, rom gzis piras dangreuli,<br />
aqa-iq mxatvrobaSemonaxuli X saukunis<br />
eklesia idga da misi videodafiqsireba<br />
gadavwyvite. samwuxarod,<br />
adgilze misuls, boJanosi ar<br />
iyos, mZime suraTi mxvdeba. maxloblad<br />
mcxovreb somxebs cota xnis<br />
winaT eklesia ise `aRudgeniaT~,<br />
rom Zveli xiblidan araferi SerCenia.<br />
me da Cems Tanamgzavrebs dana<br />
pirs ar gvixsnis da baraleTSi ise<br />
vbrundebiT, rom erTmaneTs momduravebiviT<br />
xmas ar vcemT.<br />
baraleTidan Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT<br />
mivemarTebiT, sadac zRvis<br />
donidan 1720 metris simaRlezea<br />
Sefenili sofeli ixtila. es saxeli<br />
sofels aq mosulma da damkvidrebulma<br />
somxebma Searqves, Torem<br />
mas, qarTuli wyaroebis Tanaxmad,<br />
Rrtila erqva. igi ramdenjermea<br />
naxsenebi bagrat IV-is zeobis xana-<br />
Si da imaze miuTiTebs, rom am xanebSi<br />
samefo saxlis erT-erTi sazafxulo<br />
rezidencia iyo. bizantiisgan<br />
zurggamagrebul liparit<br />
baRvaSTan erT-erTi dapirispirebis<br />
dros, rogorc `matiane qarTlisai~<br />
gadmogvcems, `mefe idga Rrtilas,<br />
xolo liparit Sekribna kaxni da<br />
moadga fokaTa~. mawyvereli, romelic<br />
mesxi molaSqreebiT mefis mxares<br />
idga, moulodnelad, liparits<br />
moemxro da bagrat IV iZulebuli<br />
gaxda, iqauroba daetovebina. karga<br />
xnis Semdeg sapirispiro suraTs<br />
vxedavT: bagrat IV-is da guranduxti<br />
da Ze giorgi `dges Rrtilas da<br />
ra cnes Sepyroba liparitisa (igi<br />
sula kalmaxelma daatyveva _ g.q.)<br />
Seiyvanes axalqalaqsa da mun moilodines<br />
bagrat sulTa zeda~.<br />
magram Rrtila kidev erT saintereso<br />
ambavTanaa dakavSirebuli.<br />
wina werilSi boJanoSi mosuli is<br />
somexi elCebi vaxseneT, romlebmac<br />
daviT aRmaSenebels anisis ganTavisufleba<br />
da somxeTis didi nawilis<br />
SemoerTeba sTxoves. daviTma es<br />
Txovna 60-aTasiani laSqriT siamovnebiT<br />
daakmayofila. igive mosazrebiT,<br />
somxebma anisi manamdec, 1045<br />
welsac Seavedres saqarTvelos _<br />
bagrat IV-s da dedamiss, riTac er-<br />
Tgvari faruli kavSiri Seqmnes bizantiis<br />
winaaRmdeg: `da mosces<br />
anelTa anisi bagratis dedasa, rame-<br />
Tu mamulad eyvodes somexni _ seneqerim<br />
somexTa mefisa asuli iyo<br />
Camaval<br />
mziT<br />
naferi...<br />
tye-javaxeTi<br />
mariam dedofali, bagratis deda~.<br />
es istoriuli faqti imitom gavixseneT,<br />
rom swored misi gamoZaxili<br />
iyo 1046 wels qarTveli da somexi<br />
mRvdelmsaxurebis RartilaSi<br />
gamarTuli kreba. qarTuli wyaros<br />
cnobiT, `iqmna kualad kreba Rrtilas<br />
ara vidreme samuRdelo, aramed<br />
ufrosRa samxedro~.<br />
bunebrivia, rom aseTi mniSvnelovani<br />
daba sagulisxmo saydris<br />
alagic iqneboda. da marTlac, soflis<br />
Zveli ubnis SemaRlebuli adgilidan<br />
`Cavali mziT naferi~ mSvenieri<br />
taZari Semogvcqeris. gansakuTrebiT<br />
sayuradRebo samxreT fasadia,<br />
sadac ori asomTavruli warweraa.<br />
erTi _ mcire da naklebad<br />
informaciuli _ sarkmlis Tavzea,<br />
meore Zalze saintereso _ lavgardanis<br />
gayolebaze. igi ase ikiTxeba:<br />
`qristeo, gaTavda qveSelisa liparitis<br />
colisa da TmoguelTa qalis<br />
rusudanisagan. Seundven RmerTman.<br />
qoronikoni iyo 528 (anu 1308 w_<br />
g.q.). WorvaniZes ioanes Seundven<br />
RmerTman~.<br />
yuradReba unda mieqces erT garemoebas:<br />
saydris maSenebeli mxolod<br />
qalia, rac imas niSnavs, rom<br />
igi qvrivia. aqedan gamomdinare ase-<br />
meRvrekis namonastralis karibWe galavanSi<br />
Ti daskvnis gamotana SeiZleba: javaxeTis<br />
yvelaze didi feodalis,<br />
Tmogvelis asuli dbanisxevSi (dRevandeli<br />
bolnisis raionis nawili)<br />
mdebare qveSis patron liparitze<br />
gaTxovila, misi gardacvalebis Semdeg<br />
ki mSobliur kuTxeSi asula da<br />
iq saydari augia. magram ibadeba SekiTxva:<br />
rusudani am saydris mSenebel-mesaZirkvlea<br />
Tu meored maSenebeli<br />
anu aRmdgeneli? vfiqrob, misi<br />
xuroTmoZRvari ioane WorvaniZe<br />
aRmdgeneli ufroa. Zeglis davalierebisas<br />
TvalSi sacemia is, rom am,<br />
erTi SexedviT, darbazul eklesias<br />
samxreTidan da CrdiloeTidan Cveulebrivi<br />
minaSenebi ki ara aqvs, aramed<br />
miniaturuli mklavebi, riTac<br />
is TxoTis `wm.ninos~<br />
waagavs. es imas<br />
gveubneba, rom<br />
Zegli Tavdapirvelad<br />
Tavisufali<br />
tipis jvar-gumba-<br />
Tovani saydari unda<br />
yofiliyo. mis<br />
daTariRebaSi cilindrul-jaWvuri<br />
formis kedlis ar-<br />
Siac gvexmareba,<br />
romelic X-XI saukuneebis<br />
Semdeg ar gvxvdeba. taZari,<br />
1308 wels xelmeored aris aSenebuli<br />
(anu safuZvlianad aRdgenilia).<br />
amas is istoriuli faqtic uWers<br />
mxars, rom 1046 wels qarTveli da<br />
somexi mRvdelmsaxurebi ueklesio<br />
punqtSi ar Seikribebodnen da arc<br />
samefo ojaxi daidebda sazafxulo<br />
rezdencias yamir adgilze.<br />
cnobisTvis: aqvea erTi Zveli<br />
saflavis qva, romlis asomTavrul<br />
warweras mkvlevarebi XIV-XV saukuneebiT<br />
aTariReben: `q. baRaTurs<br />
da mis Svils giorgis Seundven<br />
RmerTman~.<br />
Rrtilas Semdeg yvelaze metad<br />
samsaris eklesiebi gvainteresebs.<br />
samsarSi Rrtiladanac SeiZleba gadasvla,<br />
magram raki Ramdeba, am saqmes<br />
meore dRisTvis vdebT, baraleT-<br />
Rrtilas taZari 1308 wlis warweriT, cilindruli<br />
formis arSiiT da originaluri jvriT<br />
Si vbrundebiT, iqidan ki dilaadrian<br />
gacilebiT ukeTes marSruts vir-<br />
CevT meRvrekis gavliT.<br />
meRvreki nasoflaria, romelic<br />
namonastralis kedlebma Semogvinaxa.<br />
igi baraleT-samsaris gzis Sua<br />
monakveTze, mis marcxena mxares,<br />
sofel mereniis Semdeg, samsariswylis<br />
Rrma xevSia. galavanSemovlebuli<br />
eklesia, romelic X saukunis<br />
Zegls hgavs, isea daSlili,<br />
rom mxolod sakurTxevlis kedelia<br />
gadarCenili. aqvea trapezis<br />
qva da jvris Zalian maRali posta-<br />
veranas samsari<br />
garedan da Signidan<br />
menti, romelzec ramdenime qarTuli<br />
asomTavruli grafemaa SerCenili.<br />
saZirkvlis moxazulobis Tanaxmad,<br />
eklesias samxreTisa da<br />
CrdiloeTis minaSenebi hqonia da<br />
nagebi yofila sufTad gaTlili<br />
qvis Tanabari kvadrebiT. STambeWdavia<br />
monastris galavnis is monakve-<br />
Ti, romelSic arqitravebiT gadaxuruli<br />
Rrma karibWea CarTuli. am<br />
eklesiis zeviT, samanqano gzasTan<br />
gacilebiT axlos, somxebs sul axlaxan<br />
patara samlocvelo augiaT.<br />
meRvrikidan samsaramde 3-4 kilometriRaa,<br />
sadac ori sofeli<br />
(patara da didi samsari) da erTi<br />
nasoflaria (verana samsari). bolo<br />
Jams patara samsari ufro mravalkomliani<br />
gamxdara. orive sofelSi<br />
356 komli somexi cxov-<br />
robs (patara samsarSi _ 182, did<br />
samsarSi _ 174). orive sofelSi<br />
XIX saukuneSi agebuli saydrebi<br />
aqvT. Cven, bunebrivia, Zveli Zeglebi<br />
ufro gvainteresebs da amitom<br />
verana samsarisken miviCqariT.<br />
igi patara samsaridan aRmosavle-<br />
TiT da did samsaridan Crdiloe-<br />
TiTaa. meRvrekisa ar iyos, verana<br />
samsarSic sacxovrebelTa kvalis<br />
migneba miwis zedapirze SeuZlebelia.<br />
aqac mxolod naeklesiari da<br />
saflavis qvebi migvaniSnebs Zveli<br />
soflis arsebobaze. amitomac SemorCenia<br />
am adgils aseTi saxelwodeba:<br />
verana samsari, anu aoxrebuli,<br />
gatialebuli samsari.<br />
verana samsaris naeklesiari SemaRlebul,<br />
TvalsaCino adgilzea.<br />
igi, Cveni megzurebis TqmiT, wminda<br />
giorgis saxelobisa yofila. nataZrali<br />
karga mozrdilia da samxre-<br />
Tidanac grZeli minaSenis nangrevebi<br />
aqvs. SesaZloa, rom minaSenSi orTa-<br />
RediT gaxsnili karibWe iyo datanebuli.<br />
naeklesiaris kedlebi lavgardanis<br />
dones veRar aRwevs da<br />
Tlili qvis perangidan kvadrebis<br />
umetesoba dakargulia. am mxriv,<br />
ramdenadme ukeTesi mdgomareobaa interierSi.<br />
taZris garSemo kedlebidan Camocvenili<br />
erTi-ori samkauliani<br />
qva da saflavis lodebia. maTgan<br />
yvelaze saintereso isaa, romelzec<br />
lorfiniani eklesiis reliefi da<br />
jvrebia gamokveTili. taZari XIII-<br />
XIV saukuneebisa unda iyos, saflavis<br />
lodebi ki ramdenadme gviandeli.<br />
aseTia `Camavali mziT naferi~<br />
aqauri soflebi, eklesiebi da zogadad,<br />
warsuli.<br />
verana samsaridan did samsarSi<br />
unda gadavideT, iqidan ki sxva<br />
gziT ukan, patara samsarisken gamovbrundeT,<br />
romlis misadgomebTan,<br />
mdinaris piras, javaxeTis erT-er-<br />
Ti gamorCeuli Zegli gveguleba.<br />
amis Taobaze momdevno werilSi giambobT.<br />
gela qoqiaSvili<br />
avtoris fotoebi
Change language