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108<br />
qimiuri Tvisebebi<br />
rogorc araerTxel aRvniSneT esteri urTierTqmedebs wyalTan – mimdinareobs<br />
esterifikaciis sapirispiro reaqcia, ris Sedegadac miiReba mJava da<br />
spirti:<br />
O<br />
CH3 – C<br />
+ HOH E CH3 – C .<br />
O – C2H5 O<br />
+ C2H5 – OH<br />
O – H<br />
miReba<br />
spirtsa da mJavas Soris wylis moxleCiT mimdinare qimiuri reaqciis Sedegad<br />
miiReba organuli nivTiereba – esteri:<br />
R – C O<br />
+HOR R – C<br />
OH<br />
O<br />
E<br />
+ H2O .<br />
O – R<br />
rogorc ukve iciT, es reaqcia Seqcevadia, wonasworobis gadanacvleba<br />
esteris warmoqmnis mxares SesaZlebelia wyalwamrTmevi saSualebebis gamoyenebiT.<br />
esteri gamoiyeneba, rogorc danamati kvebis mrewvelobaSi. meTilakrilati<br />
CH2=CH – COOCH3 da meTilmetakrilati farTod gamoiyeneba<br />
organuli minis warmoebaSi.<br />
esteris klass ganekuTvneba cxoveluri da mcenareuli cximi. isini mniSvnelovnad<br />
gansxvavdeba sxva esterisagan zogierTi TvisebiT, biologiuri<br />
roliTa da mniSvnelobiT, amitom maT calke ganvixilavT.<br />
cximi<br />
cximis Sedgeniloba da agebuleba SeiZleba gamoisaxos zogadi formuliT:<br />
CH 2 – O – C<br />
CH – O – C<br />
O<br />
O – R 1<br />
O<br />
O – R2 cximi grZeljaWviani<br />
karbonmJavas da<br />
glicerinis esteria.<br />
O<br />
CH2 – O – C<br />
O – R3 cximebis SedgenilobaSi ZiriTadad Sedis grZeljaWviani karbonmJavebis<br />
– oleinis, palmitinisa da stearinis mJavaTa radikalebi. maSasadame, cximis<br />
SedgenilobaSi SesaZlebelia Sediodes, rogorc ujeri (oleinmJava), ise najeri<br />
mJavas (palmitinisa da stearinis) naSTi.