Suntikan Baru ICT Negara - Akademi Sains Malaysia

ffifu{ffiffiffifrs
William Burroughs
develops the first
commercially-successf ul mechanical
adding machine.
'1889:
A patent is issued lor the
Hollenth tabulating machine.
1890: Dr. Herman Hollerith
constructs an electromechanical
machine using perforated cards for use
in the U.S. census.
1896: Hollerith founds the
Tabulating Machine Co and constructs
a sortrng machine
1903: Nikola Tesla, a Yugoslavian
who worked lor Thomas Edison,
patents electflcalogic circuils called
gates or switches.
19l1 : Computer-Tabulating-
Recording Company is lormed through
a merger of the Tabulaling Compan,
(founded by Hollerith), the Computing
Scale Company, and the Internatronal
Time Recording Company
1924: Computing-Tabulating-
Recording Company changes its name
to International Business l\,lachines.
FIRST Computer invenled by Charles BabbaEe - 1823.
1936: Englishman Alan lvl. Turing
while at Princeton University formalises
the notion of calculableness and
adapts the notion ot algorithm to the
computation of f unctions. Turing's
machine is defined to be capable ol
computing any calculable tunction.
1938: Hewlett-Packard Co. is
lounded to make electronic equipment.
1939: John J. Atanasoff designs a
prototype for the ABC (Atanasotl-Berry
Computer) with the help of graduate
studenl Clifford Berry at lowa State
College In 1973 a iudge ruled il th€
first automatic digital computer
'1940:
At Bell Labs, George Stibitz
demonstrates the Complex Number
Calculator, which may be the first
digital computer.
1941: Colossus computer is
designed by Alan M Turing and built
by M H A. Neuman at lhe University of
Manchesler, England.
1941: Konrad Zuse builds the Z3
computer in Germany, the first
calculating machrne with automatic
control of rts operations
1944: Colossus l,4ark ll is built in
England
1944: lvlark | (lBN.4 ASCC) is
completed, based on the work of
Professor Howard H Aiken at Harvard
and lBl'.4 lt is a relay-based computer.
1944: Grace Murray Hopper starts a
dislrnguished career in the computer
industry by being the first programmer
for the l,4ark L
1946: Binac (Binary Automatic
Computer), the first computer to
operate in real time, is started by
Eckert and N.4auchly; it is completed in
1949.
1946: ENIAC (Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Computer), with 18,000
vacuum tubes, is dedicated at the
University of Pennsylvania. lt was 2 4m
by 30 5 m and weighed 80 tons. lt
could do 5,000 additions and 360
multiplications per second.
1946: Eckert-Mauchly Computer
Corporation is lormed as the Electronic
Control Co to design a Universal
Automatic Computer (Univac).
1946: Term bit for binary digit is
used for the first time by John Tukey.
1951: Whirlwrnd computer becomes
operational at i./llT. lt was the first realtime
computer and was designed by
Jay Forrester and Ken Olsen.
1952: First computer manual s
.to ocf i
t4\,ot,
:-r/lt)
\tittl14
o