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akan Amreet Kaur Alamati No.20. Lenokok lamoun Hermarz Balu 4 Tambun. 31400 lpoh, Perak. Sekolahr Methodist oirl school, lpoh, Pefak Umur: 13 tahun Bidang sains pilihan: Perubatan dan malemalrk Mohd Faisal Bin Edrls Alamat: No.57, Jalan Sg. Peding 4, Kg. Sg. Perhng earu, taman'eeaingi ai zo-0. JOnOr Eanru. Sekolah: Sekolah Menenoah Kebanosaan Seri Perlino, 81200 Johor-Bahru. Jo6or. Umuri 18 t;hun E-mel: faisal-affa@yahoo.com Bidang sains pilihan: Keluruteraan Sha.ilah Nur Azws Bintl Sayid Hizar Alamal: No. 38 A. Balu 31/2. Jalan Kaki Bukit, 01000 Kangar, Perlis Sekolah: Sekolah Menenoah Kebanosaan - Agama Perempuan, Pers'iaran Jubli Emas, 01000 Kanoar, Perlis lJmur: 16 tahun - E-mel: SNASH-88@YAHOO CONI Bidang sains pilihan: Bolani dan zoologi // Muhammad Syamil Bin Norizan Alamat: No. 94, Jalan 5/28, Taman Desa Bakti, 68100 Batu Caves Sekolahi Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri Murni, Taman Seri Murni, 68100 Balu Caves Umur: 10 tahun Bidang sains pilihan: Sains angkasa Nor Jannah BintiAbdul Lstif Alamal B - 372, Felda Melati Jengka 11, 26400 Bandar Jengka, Pahang Sekolah: Maahad As-Sultan Ahmad Shah Ad-Dinni (MAAHAD SAS). Bandar Jengka, Pahang. Umur: l4lahun Bidang sains pilihan: Sains komputer BORANG PENYERTAAN Muhammad Syazwan Bin Adzhar Alamati No 3N, Persada lkhlas, Alam Milennia 1. Enstek.71780 Labu. Negeri Sembilan Sekolah: Sek. Agama N,,len. Bestari JAIS, Subang Jaya, Selangor Umur: 13 tahun Bidang sains pilihanr Aeroangkasa, astronomi, fizik, egyptologi dan Hasliza Bt Hasan Alamat: Lot 2011. Kg. Kedai Taniong, 17000 Pasir Mas, Kelantan. Sekolah: Sek Men Keb Sultan lbrahim 1, 17000 Pasir l\,4as, Kelantan Darul Naim. Umur: 18 tahun E-mel: adeeq-leo@yahoo.com Bidang sains pilihan: Sains angkasa dan reKa crpla Fuban a/l Chelvam Alamatr 85, Jalan Pahang, Taman Bunga Raya, 36000 Tapah, Perak. Sekolah: Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Buyong Adrl. Umur: l6lahun Bidang sains pilihan: Kejuruteraan dan kimia Raihana Bt lamail Alamat: 57, Persiaran Jati 6, Taman Meru 3C, 30020 lpoh, Perak. Sekolah: Sskolah Menengah K€bangsaan Jati. E-melr ana-ilahana@yahoo.com Umur 17 tahun Bidang sains pilihan: Perubatan ldzham Bin Mispan Alamat: Lot 1355, Jalan Indah 8, Kg Ampang Indah, Lembah Jaya Selatan 68000 Ampang Selangor Sekolah: Sekolah Kebangsaan Lembah Jaya, Ampang, Selangor. Umur: I tahun Bidang sains pilihan: Sains rekacipta Bidang sains yang drmrnatr: kopada s€mua Delq4trq 32 Alamatkan borang anda kepada: Akademi Sains Malaysia (ASM), 902-4, Jalan Tun lsmail, 50480 Kuala Lumpur Anda iuqa boleh e-melkan penyerlaan anda kepada:
How do tsunamls form SUNAMIS are formed as a result of earthquakss, volcanic eruptions or landslidgs thal occur under the sea. When lhese events occur under th6 wator, huge amounls ot energy are raloas€d as a result of quick uptvad bonom movement. For example, if a volcanic €ruption occurs, lhe ocsan floor may vary quickly move upward several hundred metres. When this happ6ns, huge volumes of @ean water ar6 pushed upward and a wave is lormsd. A large earthquake can litt thousands of square kilomstrss of soa floor which will caus€ the formation of huge waves. The Pacilic Ocean is esp€cially prone to tsunamis as a rBsult of lhe large amount of undersaa geological aclivity. Are tsunamis large ln the open ocean tsunamis may appear very small with a height of l€ss than 1 metre. Tsunamis will sometimes go undetscted until lhey approach shallow waters along a coast. Thase wavss have a very large wavslenglh (up to several hundred kilomstres) that is a function of the depth of ths water where they were tormed. Although these wavss have a small height, there is a tremondous amount of energy associated with them. As a result ol this huge amount ot energy, thss€ waves can becomg gigantic as thsy approach shallow watsr. Their height, as they crash upon ths shore, dep€nds on the underwatsr surfacs fealures. They can b€ as high as 30 m or more. ln 1737 , a hugs wavs astimated to be 64 m in hoight hit Cape Lopatka, Kamchatka (Russia). The largest Tsunami evsr rscorded occurred in July ot 1958 in Lituya Bay, Alaska. A huge rock and ic€ tall sgnt wat€r surging up to a high waler mark of 50O m. lt's no wonder that these waves can caus€ such massivs destruction and loss ol life. How fast do they move In the deep open sea, tsunamis move at spesds approaching a j€t aircratt. As they approach lhe shore. lhey slow down. Wh€n a tsunami arrives at tha shors, it usually do6s so as a rapidly rising tide moving at about 70 km/hour. Are they destructive Beyond the lromendous dostruction of life that tsunamis caus6, th6y have also caused massive physic€l damage. Thsy have entirsly doslroyed buildings and lett iowns looking liks a nuclear war zone. Thay have litted boats high out of the watsr and violently hurled lhsm aqainstha shore, smashing thsm to pisces. They havo bent parking meters all the way down to the ground. In one incredible story during the huge tsunamin Lituya Bay, Alaska, a boat wilh two p€opls in it was caried from the bay, over tr€6 tops and over the land out into lhe ocean. The people survived to tell ths lala. Can they be detected Yes. About 35 years ago, 24 countries around th6 Pacitic set uo the Pacific Tsunami Warning System. A group ol seismic monitoring stations and a netwotk ot tide gauges are ussd for detection. The biggest problem with this system is that it is difficulto predict how large and destructive the resulting waves will bs. Scientists are currenllv working on b€ner predictive tools. Fact File . 1883 - Krakaloa. Indonesia - 36.000 psople daad . 1896 - Honshu, Japan - 27,0OO people doad . '1976 - Mindanao, Philippines - 8,000 peopls dead Ouestions 1. Whal is a tsunami 2. How are tsunamis fdm€d How large ars tsunamis 4. How fast do tsunamis mova 4 Are tsunamis dangerous Why esti&otmy ss
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