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gela mamulaSvili<br />
599 45 50 26<br />
mimdinare wlis dasawyisisTvis<br />
saqarTvelos mosaxleoba 3 718 200 adamians Seadgenda. qveyanaSi<br />
demografiuli viTarebis Sesaxeb statistikur monace-<br />
mebs statistikis erovnuli samsaxuri avrcelebs. 2016 wlis<br />
dasawyisisTvis mosaxleobis ricxovnoba 3 720 400 kaci iyo,<br />
Sesabamisad, 1 wlis ganmavlobaSi mosaxleobis raodenoba qvey-<br />
anaSi 2 200 adamianiT aris Semcirebuli.<br />
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTve-<br />
los mosaxleoba yvelaze meti<br />
_ 5 443 400 kaci _ 1989 wels iyo.<br />
„saqstatis” cnobiT, 2017<br />
wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT,<br />
2 128 600 kaci saqalaqo, xolo 1<br />
589 600 adamiani sasoflo<br />
dasaxlebaSi cxovrobs.<br />
2016-2017 wlebSi sasoflo<br />
da saqalaqo dasaxlebaSi mcx-<br />
ovrebTa ricxvs Tu Sevadar-<br />
ebT, davinaxavT, rom saqalaqo<br />
dasaxlebaSi mcxovrebTa rao-<br />
denoba TiTqmis ucvlelia.<br />
kerZod, 2016 wlis dasawyisSi<br />
es ricxvi aris 2 128 500, Sesabamisad,<br />
mosaxleobis ricx-<br />
ovnoba 2017 wlis 1-li ianvris<br />
mdgomareobiT, 100 kaciT aris<br />
gazrdili. sasoflo dasaxlebaSi<br />
ki piriqiT _ Semcirebu-<br />
lia. kerZod, Tu 2017 wlis da-<br />
sawyisisTvis 1 589 600 kaci iyo,<br />
294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com<br />
obiT, qveyanaSi 15 wels qvemoT<br />
724 100 adamiania; 15-64 wlis<br />
mosaxleTa ricxvi _ 2 456 700-a,<br />
xolo 65 wels zemoT _ 537 400<br />
kaci.<br />
qveynis demografiul real-<br />
obaze „qronika+~ ilias saxel-<br />
mwifo universitetis demografiisa<br />
da sociologiis insti-<br />
tutis direqtors, avTandil<br />
sulaberiZes esaubreba:<br />
_ Tu qveynis damoukideblobis<br />
mopovebamde demografiuli<br />
daberebis dabal intensivobas<br />
Sobadobisa da sicocxlis<br />
xangrZlivobis dabali done<br />
ganapirobebda, 1992 wlidan<br />
demografiuli daberebis procesSi,<br />
gare migraciis saxiT, axali,<br />
mesame demografiuli komponenti<br />
CaerTo. dReisTvis 20-<br />
50 wlis SromiTi emigrantebi<br />
1992 wlidan mkvidrdeba mosaxleobis<br />
aRwarmoebis Sekvecili<br />
tipi. 2016 wlis 1 ianvrisTvis<br />
saqarTvelos mosaxleobis<br />
raodenoba, 1992 welTan SedarebiT,<br />
1 730 aTasiT Semcirda<br />
da 3720.4 aTas kacs Seadgens.<br />
mosaxleoba Semcirda rogorc<br />
qalaqad, aseve soflad, magram<br />
mosaxleobis Semcirebam,<br />
ZiriTadad, sofeli daazarala,<br />
romlis mosaxleoba 23,8%-iT,<br />
xolo qalaqis _ 6,3%-iT Semcirda.<br />
wlidan wlamde ukacrieli<br />
soflebis raodenoba saqarTveloSi<br />
matulobs.<br />
mxolod 2002 wlis Semdeg,<br />
2014 wlamde, saqarTveloSi kidev<br />
60-ze meti sofeli gaukacrielda<br />
da 223 sofeli Seadgina.<br />
msoflios zogad demografiul<br />
viTarebasTan SedarebiT,<br />
saqarTveloSi gansxvavebuli<br />
mdgomareoba Camoyalibda.<br />
dReisTvis, mosaxleobis aRwarmoebis<br />
TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelo<br />
ganviTarebuli qveynebis,<br />
xolo gare migraciis TvalsazrisiT<br />
_ naklebad ganviTarebuli<br />
qveynebis msgavsia.<br />
demografiuli dabereba saq-<br />
`saqarTvelos mosaxleobis asakobrivi<br />
struqtura, amJamad 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisis<br />
doneze rom iyos, saSualeba gveqneboda,<br />
damatebiT gvewarmoebina amJamindelze<br />
aranakleb 3.2 mlrd. lariT (15%-iT) meti<br />
mTliani Sida produqti~<br />
maCvenebeli 72,7 weli, odnav gaizarda<br />
da TiTqmis dRevandel<br />
dones _ 73,0 wels utoldeboda,<br />
anu 1960-2014 wlebSi igi stagnaciiT<br />
xasiaTdeboda, rc, Tavis<br />
mxriv, 1989 wlamde mosaxleobis<br />
daberebis dabal temps ganapirobebda.<br />
1960-2014 wlebSi mosaxleoba<br />
6,7 wliT daberda. aRniSnuli<br />
pozitiuri iqneboda, Tuki mosaxleobis<br />
saSualo medianuri<br />
asaki ar gaizrdeboda, magram<br />
igi 37 wlamde gaizarda da msoflio<br />
mosaxleobis saSualo medianur<br />
asaks 8,5 wliT, somxe-<br />
Tis _ 5.2 wliT, ruseTis federaciis<br />
CrdiloeT kavkasiis<br />
federaluri olqis saSualo<br />
maCvenebels (30,5 weli) _ 7.1<br />
wliT, azerbaijans _ 9.2 wliT,<br />
xolo TurqeTs _ 9.3 wliT aRemateba.<br />
rogorc orive sqesisTvis (75,2<br />
weli), aseve mamakacebisTvis<br />
(71,9 weli) da qalebisTvis (78,2<br />
weli), magram es maCveneblebi,<br />
ganviTarebul qveynebTan SedarebiT,<br />
aseve SesamCnevad dabal<br />
doneze iqneba. aseve mcirdeba,<br />
magram mainc sagangaSoa<br />
mamakacTa da qalTa dabadebisas<br />
sicocxlis mosalodnel xangrZlivobaTa<br />
Soris sxvaoba,<br />
rac dReisTvis 7-8 wels Seadgens.<br />
qveynis demografiuli ganviTarebis<br />
gauaresebis TvalsazriT<br />
bevrad cudadaa saqme<br />
regionebSi.<br />
dReisTvis mosaxleobis bunebrivi<br />
mateba aRiniSneba mxolod<br />
TbilisSi, aWaraSi, qvemo da<br />
Sida qarTlis raionebSi, danarCen<br />
mxareTa calkeul raion-<br />
`qveynidan gasuli 1.7<br />
mln-ze meti migrantidan,<br />
mosalodnelia, 800 aTasi<br />
ukan aRar dabrundes~<br />
2016 wlis analogiur period-<br />
Si 1 591 900 kaci.<br />
amasTan, „saqstatis” cnob-<br />
iT, 2017 wlis dasawyisisTvis,<br />
mosaxleobidan 1 781 500 qali,<br />
xolo 1 936 700 mamakacia. rac<br />
Seexeba exeba asakobriv dayofas,<br />
2017 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomare-<br />
TiTqmis orjer aRematebian<br />
qveyanaSi darCenil am asakis mosaxleobas.<br />
qveynidan gasuli 1.7 mln.-ze<br />
meti migrantidan, SefasebiTi<br />
gaangariSebiT, mosalodnelia,<br />
ukan aRar dabrundes, daaxloebiT,<br />
800 aTasi kaci.<br />
arTveloSi, jer kidev, 1959<br />
wels, arsebuli „beibi bumis”<br />
dros aRiniSna, rodesac 65 wels<br />
gadacilebulTa wilma mosaxleobis<br />
saerTo raodenobaSi<br />
7,7% Seadgina. amasTan, dabadebisas<br />
mosaxleobis sicocxlis<br />
xangrZlivobis oficialuri<br />
saqarTveloSi dReisTvis<br />
mosaxleobis gafarToebuli<br />
aRwarmoebis doneze (215 bavSvi<br />
100 qalze), Sobadobis zrdis<br />
miuxedavad, uaxloes periodSi<br />
misi Semcirebis fonze, mokvdaobis<br />
zrdis pirobebSi, mosaxleobis<br />
bunebrivi klebis Sedegad,<br />
depopulaciaa mosalodne-<br />
ebSi ki depopulaciaa. 2030 wlisTvis<br />
mosalodneli migraciis<br />
dadebiTi saldo, 0,3‰-is<br />
farglebSia, rac umniSvneloa,<br />
da, faqtobrivad, nulovani saldos<br />
farglebSi 1000 kacs Seadgens.<br />
qveynidan isev mosalodnelia<br />
axalgazrdobis gadineba,<br />
Tumca maT raodenobas ucx-<br />
`2002 wlis aRweriT, saqarTveloSi darCenili<br />
umaRlesi da saSualo specialuri ganaTlebis<br />
mqoneTagan specialobiT saqmianobda mxolod<br />
14,4%, maSin rodesac umuSevari iyo TiTqmis<br />
yoveli meore diplomiani specialisti (47.5%)~<br />
li. 2030 wlisTvis Sobadobis<br />
jamobrivi koeficienti kritikul<br />
zRvarTan SedarebiT<br />
0,37 bavSviT naklebi iqneba, rac<br />
mosaxleobis Sekvecil aRwarmobaze<br />
miuTiTebs. es ki kidev<br />
ufro gaauaresebs 2050 wlis<br />
demografiul potencials. miuxedavad<br />
Semcirebisa, CvilTa<br />
mokvdaoba (13,9%), iseve rogorc<br />
dRes, 2030 wlisTvis ganvi-<br />
Tarebuli qveynebis maCvenebelze<br />
maRali iqneba.<br />
marTalia, gaizrdeba mosaxleobis<br />
sicocxlis mosalodneli<br />
xangrZlivoba dabadebisas,<br />
oeTidan dabrunebuli 65 wels<br />
gadacilebuli mosaxleoba gadafaravs.<br />
yvelaze axalgazrduli SemadgenlobiT<br />
gamoirCevian: qvemo<br />
qarTli, xolo Semdeg aWara,<br />
Tbilisi, Sida qarTli da samcxe-javaxeTi.<br />
dabalia 15 wlamde<br />
mosaxleobis wili depopulaciis<br />
mqone regionebSi raWaleCxumsa<br />
da qvemo svaneTSi, imereTSi,<br />
guriaSi, mcxeTa-mTianeTSi.<br />
samagierod, am regionebSi,<br />
gansakuTrebiT raWa-leCxumsa<br />
da qvemo svaneTSi, yvelaze<br />
daberebuli mosaxleobaa. dabe-<br />
26<br />
26 N37 (214) 7.11-13.11.2017 w.
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