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10 Opinjoni<br />
IN-NAZZJON Il-{amis, 26 <strong>ta</strong>’ Mejju, 2011<br />
Separazzjoni jew divorzju^<br />
min-Nu<strong>ta</strong>ra Rachelle FARRUGIA BUHAGIAR<br />
Me<strong>ta</strong> ra;el u mara<br />
jing[aqdu flimkien fis-sagrament<br />
<strong>ta</strong>]-]wie; tin[oloq rab<strong>ta</strong><br />
permanenti li tis<strong>ta</strong>’ tispi//a<br />
biss bil-mewt <strong>ta</strong>’ wie[ed millkonju;i.<br />
Ta’ min jg[id i]da,<br />
li [afna familji f’xi ]mien jew<br />
ie[or ikollhom jaffa//jaw diffikul<strong>ta</strong>jiet<br />
u f’/irkus<strong>ta</strong>nzi partikulari,<br />
jag[]lu li jinfirdu.<br />
F’dan il-punt ikunu jridu jittie[du<br />
diversi de/i]jonijiet<br />
mill-koppja, fosthom x’se jsir<br />
mill-proprjetà li te]isti filkomunjoni<br />
<strong>ta</strong>l-akkwisti,<br />
ji;ifieri dik il-proprjetà<br />
akkwis<strong>ta</strong><strong>ta</strong> mill-mi]]ew;in<br />
waqt i]-]wie;, x’se jsir middar<br />
matrimonjali, min se jie[u<br />
l-kura u l-kustodja <strong>ta</strong>l-ulied, l-<br />
a//ess g[alihom, u l-ammont<br />
<strong>ta</strong>’ manteniment li jkun irid<br />
jidher fil-konfront <strong>ta</strong>lmi]]ew;in<br />
lejn xulxin u filkonfront<br />
<strong>ta</strong>l-ulied. Dawn iddiffikul<strong>ta</strong>jiet,<br />
sal-lum, ji;u<br />
de/i]i permezz <strong>ta</strong>’<br />
‘Separazzjoni’ li ssir jew permezz<br />
<strong>ta</strong>’ Kuntratt quddiem<br />
Nu<strong>ta</strong>r Pubbliku — dik li tissejja[<br />
‘Bonarja’ fejn din il-firda<br />
ssir bil-kunsens <strong>ta</strong>]-]ew; partijiet,<br />
issir bis-setg[a <strong>ta</strong>l-Qorti<br />
permezz <strong>ta</strong>’ Digriet u fejn<br />
qabel jing[a<strong>ta</strong> dan id-Digriet<br />
il-Qorti twissi lill-partijiet<br />
dwar dak li ;;ib mag[ha l-<br />
firda u tfittex li tirrikon/iljahom,<br />
u tis<strong>ta</strong>’ tbiddel jew tvarja<br />
u dda[[al dawk il-kundizzjonijiet<br />
li l-Qorti t[oss li<br />
huma xierqa, jew inkella permezz<br />
<strong>ta</strong>’ kaw]a fil-Qorti.<br />
Sal-lum, <strong>ta</strong>lba g[al firda<br />
personali tis<strong>ta</strong>’ ssir f’ka] <strong>ta</strong>’<br />
adulterju; abbandun minn<br />
wie[ed mill-mi]]ew;in g[al<br />
sentejn jew ak<strong>ta</strong>r; e//essi;<br />
mo[qrija; theddid jew offi]i<br />
gravi kontra l-persuna l-o[ra<br />
fi]-]wie; jew kontra xi [add<br />
minn fost l-ulied, jew inkella<br />
min[abba li l-[ajja flimkien<br />
ma tkunx g[adha possibbli<br />
g[ax i]-]wie; ikun spi//a<br />
irrimedjabbilment, g[alkemm<br />
din <strong>ta</strong>l-a[[ar tis<strong>ta</strong>’ ti;i utilizza<strong>ta</strong><br />
biss, minn erba’ snin<br />
mid-da<strong>ta</strong> <strong>ta</strong>]-]wie;.<br />
Ebda rikon/iljazzjoni<br />
Fil-mod kif qed ti;i propos<strong>ta</strong><br />
l-introduzzjoni <strong>ta</strong>d-divorzju<br />
f’Mal<strong>ta</strong>, persuna tkun tis<strong>ta</strong>’<br />
<strong>ta</strong>pplika g[alih jekk il-konju;i<br />
jkunu ilhom jg[ixu separa<strong>ta</strong>ment<br />
minn xulxin g[al millinqas<br />
erba’ snin u m’hemmx<br />
<strong>ta</strong>ma <strong>ta</strong>’ rikon/iljazzjoni<br />
bejniethom, filwaqt li m’hemmx<br />
g[alfejn ting[a<strong>ta</strong> ra;uni<br />
g[ax persuna qed tiddivorzja<br />
lill-persuna l-o[ra. Dan ifisser<br />
li d-divorzju jag[laq il-bieb<br />
g[al rikon/iljazzjoni, filwaqt<br />
li s-separazzjoni tibqa’ <strong>ta</strong>g[ti<br />
/-/ans biex tnejn jer;g[u<br />
jing[aqdu flimkien. Barra<br />
minn hekk, il-propos<strong>ta</strong> <strong>ta</strong>l-li;i<br />
<strong>ta</strong>d-Divorzju tid[ol f’aspetti<br />
b[all-kustodja <strong>ta</strong>l-ulied u<br />
a//ess g[alihom u d-dar matrimonjali,<br />
i]da ma tid[olx<br />
f’aspetti b[all-komunità <strong>ta</strong>lakkwisti<br />
li, wie[ed jassumi<br />
ji;u applikati l-li;ijiet e]istenti<br />
fil-li;ijiet dwar is-<br />
Separazzjoni Personali.<br />
L-effetti <strong>ta</strong>’ separazzjoni<br />
huma li jispi//a l-obbligu <strong>ta</strong>’<br />
koabi<strong>ta</strong>zzjoni. Jekk persuna<br />
tkun il-ka;un <strong>ta</strong>’ <strong>ta</strong>li separazzjoni,<br />
din il-persuna titlef iddritt<br />
<strong>ta</strong>s-su//essjoni (wirt) <strong>ta</strong>lkonju;i<br />
l-ie[or jew l-o[ra, u<br />
jekk persuna tkun dipendenti<br />
fuq il-konju;i l-ie[or jew l-<br />
o[ra mal-mewt <strong>ta</strong>’ dan, ittieni<br />
konju;i, allura l-persuna<br />
li tibqa’ [ajja jkollha d-dritt<br />
g[al pensjoni <strong>ta</strong>r-romol, u<br />
barra minn hekk, minn jid[ol<br />
f’ka] <strong>ta</strong>’ separazzjoni ma<br />
jkunx jis<strong>ta</strong>’ jer;a’ ji]]ewwe;<br />
sakemm ma jkunx hemm ka]<br />
<strong>ta</strong>’ annullament <strong>ta</strong>]-]wie;.<br />
Jispi//a l-manteniment<br />
F’ka] li jid[ol id-divorzju<br />
f’Mal<strong>ta</strong>, allura, l-persuni<br />
jkunu jistg[u jer;g[u<br />
ji]]ew;u, u allura jekk ikun<br />
hemm inizjalment xi tip <strong>ta</strong>’<br />
manteniment dan jispi//a g[al<br />
dik il-persuna li tkun qed<br />
tir/ievi manteniment<br />
ming[and l-ewwel konju;i<br />
me<strong>ta</strong> din imbag[ad ter;a’<br />
ti]]ewwe; lil [addie[or.<br />
Hawnhekk <strong>ta</strong>’ min jg[id li<br />
f’ka] <strong>ta</strong>’ divorzju u persuna<br />
ter;a’ ti]]ewwe;, id-dritt <strong>ta</strong>’<br />
su//essjoni (wirt) jispi//a u<br />
jg[addi favur il-persuna ;dida<br />
fil-[ajja <strong>ta</strong>’ dak jew dik ilkonju;i.<br />
Fir-rigward <strong>ta</strong>l-pensjoni<br />
<strong>ta</strong>r-romol, tkun il-mara<br />
jew ir-ra;el attwali <strong>ta</strong>l-persuna<br />
li tkun mietet li tie[u din<br />
il-pensjoni, u allura din<br />
teskludi lill-ewwel mara jew<br />
l-ewwel ra;el, skont il-ka].<br />
Fir-rigward <strong>ta</strong>t-tfal, kemm<br />
is-separazzjoni kif ukoll iddivorzju,<br />
jo[olqu [afna tbatija,<br />
u j[awdu u xi drabi j[arbtu<br />
lit-tfal ukoll, g[ax it-tfal ma<br />
jibqg[ux igawdu li]-]ew;<br />
;enituri flimkien. Minflok, ittfal<br />
jibdew imorru minn dar<br />
g[all-o[ra. Illum, f’[afna separazzjonijiet,<br />
jitni]]el li t-tfal<br />
m’g[andhomx ji;u esposti<br />
g[al persuna o[ra barranija<br />
minn nukleu familjari, u dan<br />
g[all-protezzjoni <strong>ta</strong>l-istess<br />
G[al kull nuqqas <strong>ta</strong>’ kunflitt, i]-]wie; g[andu jibqa’ jitqies b[ala xi [a;a g[al dejjem<br />
Fir-rigward <strong>ta</strong>t-tfal, kemm is-separazzjoni kif ukoll<br />
id-divorzju, jo[olqu [afna tbatija, u j[awdu u xi drabi<br />
j[arbtu lit-tfal ukoll, g[ax it-tfal ma jibqg[ux igawdu<br />
li]-]ew; ;enituri flimkien. Minflok, it-tfal jibdew imorru<br />
minn dar g[all-o[ra.<br />
ulied. Normalment anki l-<br />
Qorti <strong>ta</strong>//et<strong>ta</strong> din il-kundizzjoni.<br />
F’ka] <strong>ta</strong>’ divorzju, din<br />
il-kundizzjoni tkun diffi/li li<br />
tin]amm, ladarba persuna<br />
divorzja<strong>ta</strong> tkun tis<strong>ta</strong>’ ter;a’<br />
ti]]ewwe; b’mod /ivili.<br />
Ta’ min isemmi wkoll li,<br />
kemm separazzjoni kif ukoll<br />
divorzju j;ib /ertu faqar<br />
so/jali, g[ax jekk familja<br />
jkollha dar fejn toqg[od, u l-<br />
;enituri jinfirdu, allura dawn<br />
iridu akkomodazzjoni alternattiva<br />
fejn jg[ixu. Barra<br />
minn hekk, il-persuna li jkollha<br />
l-kura u l-kustodja <strong>ta</strong>l-ulied<br />
se tkun limi<strong>ta</strong><strong>ta</strong> rigward sig[at<br />
<strong>ta</strong>’ xog[ol, li jis<strong>ta</strong>’ jfisser<br />
nuqqas fid-d[ul, u dan barra l-<br />
ispejje] normali ne/essarji<br />
g[at-trobbija <strong>ta</strong>t-tfal, li<br />
jag[milha diffi/li li dawn jinqasmu<br />
ugwalment bejn ilmara<br />
u r-ra;el.<br />
Il-kun/ett <strong>ta</strong>]-]wie;<br />
Barra minn hekk, iddivorzju<br />
jkisser il-kun/ett li ]-<br />
]wie; hu g[al dejjem.<br />
B’hekk, i]-]wie; jibdel innatura<br />
tieg[u u jsir ]wie; saddivorzju.<br />
Dan ifisser li<br />
divorzju jeqred l-is<strong>ta</strong>bbiltà <strong>ta</strong>’<br />
relazzjoni impenja<strong>ta</strong> bejn<br />
ra;el u mara. Fil-fatt, ak<strong>ta</strong>rx li<br />
d-divorzju jnaqqas id-dinjità<br />
<strong>ta</strong>l-bniedem, u bniedem isir<br />
qisu o;;ett, g[ax jekk wie[ed<br />
jew wa[da mill-mi]]ew;in<br />
jiddejqu jew jixbg[u minn<br />
xulxin, jistg[u japplikaw g[al<br />
divorzju ming[ajr il-kunsens<br />
<strong>ta</strong>l-parti l-o[ra, g[ax skont kif<br />
qed jigi propost id-divorzju,<br />
il-kunsens <strong>ta</strong>]-]ew; konju;i<br />
mhux ne/essarju sabiex ise[[<br />
divorzju. F’ka] <strong>ta</strong>’ separazzjoni<br />
wkoll, il-kunsens <strong>ta</strong>]-<br />
]ew; partijiet mhux ne/essarju<br />
biex jibdew il-pro/eduri<br />
<strong>ta</strong>s-separazzjoni, i]da l-Qorti<br />
f’dan il-ka] tisma’ ]-]ew;<br />
partijiet qabel tidde/iedi, u l-<br />
Qorti tis<strong>ta</strong>’ skont l-Artikolu<br />
58(1) <strong>ta</strong>l-Kodi/i ivili, li<br />
‘..me<strong>ta</strong> jidhrilha li hu xieraq<br />
g[all-;id <strong>ta</strong>l-mara u <strong>ta</strong>r-ra;el<br />
u <strong>ta</strong>t-tfal, tordna s-sospensjoni<br />
<strong>ta</strong>l-kaw]a <strong>ta</strong>l-firda g[al dak<br />
i]-]mien li jidhrilha sewwa, u<br />
<strong>ta</strong>g[ti dawk il-provvedimenti<br />
provi]jorji li jkunu me[tie;a<br />
mi/-/irkus<strong>ta</strong>nzi’.<br />
Wisq nissuspet<strong>ta</strong> li l-introduzzjoni<br />
<strong>ta</strong>d-divorzju f’Mal<strong>ta</strong><br />
se <strong>ta</strong>g[mel [afna [sara lisso/jetà<br />
<strong>ta</strong>g[na. Se tid[ol men<strong>ta</strong>lità<br />
divorzis<strong>ta</strong>, u ik<strong>ta</strong>r individwalis<strong>ta</strong>,<br />
g[ax individwu,<br />
flok isewwi l-problemi li jkollu,<br />
ak<strong>ta</strong>rx ja[rab minnhom u<br />
kapa/i je[odhom f’nukleu<br />
familjari ie[or u b’hekk<br />
jin[olqu problemi ;odda,<br />
g[ax id-divorzju ma jpo;;ix<br />
l-affarijiet f’posthom, i]da<br />
jimmultiplikahom.<br />
Barra minn hekk <strong>ta</strong>’ min<br />
nis<strong>ta</strong>qsu, x’garanzija hemm li<br />
t-tieni jew it-tielet ]wie; se<br />
jirnexxi Id-divorzju hu biss<br />
illu]joni. Il-;enerazzjoni <strong>ta</strong>llum<br />
ak<strong>ta</strong>rx se jkollha pi] kbir<br />
fuq spallejha dwar jekk<br />
jid[olx id-divorzju f’Mal<strong>ta</strong><br />
jew le. F’din is-so/jetà, a[na<br />
g[andha l-obbligu li nissalvagwardjaw<br />
il-futur <strong>ta</strong>’ wliedna.<br />
Dan il-pass g[andna<br />
nag[mluh b’mod mill-ak<strong>ta</strong>r<br />
g[aqli.
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