Grønne sertifikater og Statnett ( 2010)

Innholdsfortegnelse
1. Innledning ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Problemstilling og forutsetninger ........................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Rapportens oppbygging.......................................................................................................................... 1
DEL 1: OM GRØNNE SERTIFIKATER
2. Hva er grønne sertifikater? ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1. Gratispassasjerproblemet....................................................................................................................... 5
2.2. Tilbud og etterspørsel ............................................................................................................................ 6
2.3. Maksimums- og minimumspris ............................................................................................................... 8
2.4. Alternative støtteordninger for fornybar energi ...................................................................................... 8
2.5. Generelle fordeler og ulemper med grønne sertifikater .......................................................................... 8
2.6. Grønne sertifikater og CO2-kvote systemet ............................................................................................. 9
2.7. Virkninger for Enovas støtteordninger ...................................................................................................10
2.8. Opprinnelsesgarantier ...........................................................................................................................11
3. Erfaringer fra Sverige .....................................................................................................................................12
3.1. Avtale om felles norsk svensk sertifikatmarked ......................................................................................12
3.1.1. Rammevilkår i Sverige ...................................................................................................................12
3.1.2. Markedsregulering og overvåkning i Sverige..................................................................................14
3.1.3. På vei mot et felles svensk-norsk sertifikatmarked ........................................................................14
3.1.4. Overgangsordning.........................................................................................................................14
3.2. Priserfaringer fra Sverige .......................................................................................................................15
DEL 2: RESSURSPOTENSIAL
4. Teknologikostnader fornybar energi ..............................................................................................................18
5. Potensialet for fornybar energi i Norge ..........................................................................................................19
5.1. Vannkraft ..............................................................................................................................................19
5.1.1. Småkraft .......................................................................................................................................19
5.1.2. Opprusting/utvidelse av eksisterende vannkraftverk .....................................................................21
5.1.3. Status vannkraft............................................................................................................................21
5.2. Vindkraft ...............................................................................................................................................22
5.2.1. Landbasert vindkraft .....................................................................................................................22
5.2.2. Status landbasert vindkraft ...........................................................................................................24
5.3. Bioenergi ..............................................................................................................................................25
5.3.1. Status bioenergi ............................................................................................................................26
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