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Hemoplasmose felina - relato de caso - Adriana Wolf ... - Qualittas

Hemoplasmose felina - relato de caso - Adriana Wolf ... - Qualittas

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RESUMO<br />

A hemoplasmose <strong>felina</strong> é causada por hemoplasmas hemotrópicos, ou seja, bactérias<br />

pleomórficas que parasitam os eritrócitos dos gatos domésticos. Seus agentes etiológicos já foram<br />

chamados <strong>de</strong> Eperythrozoon felis, Haemobartonella feliz e atualmente são conhecidos como<br />

Mycoplasma haemofelis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum e Candidatus Mycoplasma<br />

turicensis. Estes agentes po<strong>de</strong>m causar anemia primária em gatos, mas quando há co-infecção<br />

com as retroviroses <strong>felina</strong>s, incluindo o vírus da imuno<strong>de</strong>ficiência <strong>felina</strong> e o vírus da leucemia<br />

<strong>felina</strong>, o quadro clínico é mais grave. Foi <strong>de</strong>monstrado que as transfusões <strong>de</strong> sangue infectado<br />

são eficazes na transmissão do microorganismo (Gary et al 2006), mas ainda não está provado<br />

que parasitas hematófagos, por exemplo, mosquitos e pulgas, são vetores a<strong>de</strong>quados. Os sinais<br />

clínicos <strong>de</strong>sta enfermida<strong>de</strong> incluem principalmente anorexia, anemia regenerativa, icterícia e<br />

esplenomegalia. O diagnóstico <strong>de</strong>ve ser firmado quando encontrarmos o microorganismo na<br />

avaliação hematoscópica, juntamente com sinais clínicos da doença e a presença <strong>de</strong> anemia<br />

regenerativa, porém, o teste da Reação em Ca<strong>de</strong>ia da Polimerase (PCR) é conhecido por ser mais<br />

sensível do que a citologia para o diagnóstico e permite a diferenciação das duas espécies <strong>de</strong><br />

hemoplasmas. O tratamento preconizado inlcui o uso <strong>de</strong> doxiciclina, mas o uso <strong>de</strong> enrofloxacina<br />

vem sendo sugerido recentemente. O presente trabalho objetiva relatar um <strong>caso</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

hemoplasmose <strong>felina</strong>, enfatizando os sinais clínicos, diagnóstico e eficácia do tratamento com o<br />

uso da doxiciclina.<br />

Palavras-chave: hemoplasmas; anemia; gatos.<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

The feline hemoplasmosis is caused by hemoplasmas hemotrópics, or pleomorphic<br />

bacterias that parasite the domestic cats erythrocytes. Their etiologic agents have already been<br />

called Eperythrozoon felis, Haemobartonella felis and nowadays they are known as Mycoplasma<br />

haemofelis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis.<br />

These agents may cause primary anemia in cats, but when there are co-infection with feline<br />

retrovirosis, including the feline immuno<strong>de</strong>ficiency virus and the feline leukemia virus, the clinical<br />

picture is more severe. It was shown that the transfusion of infected blood are effective in the<br />

transmission of the microorganism (Gary et al 2006), but is not yet proven that hematophagous<br />

parasites, such as mosquitoes and fleas, are suitable vectors. The clinical signs of this disease<br />

mainly inclu<strong>de</strong> anorexia, regenerative anemia, jaundice and splenomegaly. The diagnosis must be<br />

established when the microorganism is found in the hematoscopic assessment, in assossiation<br />

with clinical signs of the disease and the presence of regenerative anemia, however, the test of<br />

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is known to be more sensitive than cytology for the diagnosis<br />

and also allows the differentiation of two species of hemoplasmas The recommen<strong>de</strong>d treatment<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>s the use of doxycycline, but the use of enrofloxacin has been suggested recently. This<br />

study aims to report a case of feline hemoplasmosis, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and<br />

effective treatment with the use of doxycycline.<br />

Key-words: hemoplasma; anemia; cat.<br />

iv

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