18.09.2013 Views

Ålands marina strategi - Ålands landskapsregering

Ålands marina strategi - Ålands landskapsregering

Ålands marina strategi - Ålands landskapsregering

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Innehåll<br />

BAKGRUND OCH SAMMANFATTNING ................................................................................................ 1<br />

INLEDNING ........................................................................................................................................... 6<br />

DEL 1. BEDÖMNING ENLIGT ARTIKEL 8 ................................................................................................... 9<br />

GRUNDLÄGGANDE FÖRHÅLLANDEN ................................................................................................... 9<br />

Beskrivning av Åland och belastningen ......................................................................................... 10<br />

Olika utsläppskällor på Åland ........................................................................................................ 14<br />

Fysikaliska och kemiska förhållanden ............................................................................................... 20<br />

Isutbredning .................................................................................................................................. 20<br />

Temperaturförhållanden ............................................................................................................... 23<br />

Vågexponering ............................................................................................................................... 24<br />

Salthaltsvariationer ....................................................................................................................... 25<br />

Syreförhållanden ........................................................................................................................... 27<br />

Vattenståndet ................................................................................................................................ 29<br />

Oorganiska kväve- och fosforhalter .............................................................................................. 31<br />

Kväve- och fosforhalter runt Åland ............................................................................................... 34<br />

pH .................................................................................................................................................. 35<br />

Livsmiljöer ......................................................................................................................................... 35<br />

Den åländska skärgården .............................................................................................................. 37<br />

Speciella livsmiljöer ....................................................................................................................... 37<br />

Naturreservat och inventeringar ................................................................................................... 37<br />

Skyddsvärda vikar .......................................................................................................................... 37<br />

Biologiska förhållanden ..................................................................................................................... 38<br />

Växtplankton och klorofyll-a ......................................................................................................... 39<br />

Klorofyllhalter på Åland ................................................................................................................. 40<br />

Bottenfauna ................................................................................................................................... 41<br />

Makroalger .................................................................................................................................... 43<br />

Fiskbestånden ................................................................................................................................ 45<br />

Marina däggdjursarter................................................................................................................... 48<br />

Fåglar ............................................................................................................................................. 51<br />

Främmande arter .......................................................................................................................... 52<br />

Andra förhållanden ........................................................................................................................... 54<br />

Miljögifter i Östersjön .................................................................................................................... 54<br />

Biologisk störning genom jakt och fiske ........................................................................................ 55<br />

3

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!