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2.1 LukrdksÙkj mikf/k dk;ZØe 2. tuojh vkSj tqykbZ l= esa ... - IGNOU

2.1 LukrdksÙkj mikf/k dk;ZØe 2. tuojh vkSj tqykbZ l= esa ... - IGNOU

2.1 LukrdksÙkj mikf/k dk;ZØe 2. tuojh vkSj tqykbZ l= esa ... - IGNOU

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<strong>2.</strong> <strong>tuojh</strong> <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>tqykbZ</strong> <strong>l=</strong> <strong>esa</strong> miyC/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

<strong><strong>2.</strong>1</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

2-1-1 daI;wVj vuqiz;ksx <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj <strong>mikf</strong>/k<br />

¼,e-lh-,-½<br />

mn~ns';% ,e-lh-,- <strong>dk</strong> O;kid mn~ns'; bl fo"k; ds ewy <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l'khy {ks=kksa <strong>esa</strong> f'k{k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> vuqla/kku ds fy, ,d fof'k"V<br />

ifjos'k iznku dj lkWVos;j <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k{kk m|ksx {ks= ds Lukrd<br />

fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s mRiknd dSfj;j ds fy, rS;kj djuk gSA <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong><br />

eq[; dsUnz fcUnq fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s uohure daI;wVj lkWVos;j fodflr<br />

djus ds fy, lS)kfUrd <strong>vkSj</strong> O;ogkj&ewyd ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> laiw.kZ<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> Bksl /kjkry iznku djuk gSA <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> xf.krh;] daI;wfVax]<br />

lapkj@ usVofd±x <strong>vkSj</strong> O;kolkf;d leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds fy,<br />

lkWVos;j izkS|ksfxdh ds vuqiz;ksx ij cy fn;k x;k gSA<br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe lsesLVj mikxe <strong>dk</strong>s /;ku <strong>esa</strong> j[kdj<br />

rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA<br />

izFke o"kZ ds ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> mís'; fofHkUu izkS|ksfxdh <strong>dk</strong> iz;ksx djrs<br />

gq, daI;wVj <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>S'ky fodflr djuk gS] nwljs o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> oSpkfjd<br />

lajpuk iznku djus ds fy, ikB~;Øeksa ij vf/kd cy fn;k x;k gS<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> rhljs o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> fo'ks"kKrk <strong>vkSj</strong> ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 'kkfey gaSA izFke<br />

o"kZ ds ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong>s lQyrkiwoZd iwjk djus ij fo|kFkhZ ih-th-Mhlh-,-<br />

¼daI;wVj iz;ksx <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek½ izek.ki= izkIr djsxkA<br />

,e-lh-,- <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk % <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong>s izfro"kZ nks lsesLVj<br />

¼<strong>tuojh</strong> & twu <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>tqykbZ</strong> & fnlacj½ <strong>esa</strong> foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA<br />

bl rjg izR;sd o"kZ nks ijh{kk,¡ gksaxhA ,d <strong>tuojh</strong>&twu lsesLVj ds<br />

ikB~;Øeksa ds fy, twu ekg <strong>esa</strong> <strong>vkSj</strong> nwljh <strong>tqykbZ</strong>&fnlacj lsesLVj<br />

ds <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa ds fy, fnlacj ekg <strong>esa</strong>A <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe iwjk djus dh<br />

U;wure vof/k <strong>vkSj</strong> vU; fu/kkZfjr vkSipkfjdrkvksa ds v/khu fo|kfFkZ;ksa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s o"kZ ds nkSjku vk;ksftr dh tkus okyh fo'ofo|ky; dh fdlh Hkh<br />

ijh{kk <strong>esa</strong> cSBus dh NwV gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

izFke o"kZ<br />

lsesLVj I<br />

,e-lh-,l--011 leL;k lek/kku <strong>vkSj</strong> izksxzkfeax 3<br />

,e-lh-,l--012 dEI;wVj vkWxsZukbts'ku <strong>vkSj</strong> 4<br />

,lsacyh yaSXost izksxzkfeax<br />

,e-lh-,l--013 fMLØhV eSFksesfVDl 2<br />

,e-lh-,l--014 flLVe ,ukfyfll <strong>vkSj</strong> fMtkbu 3<br />

,e-lh-,l--015 dE;wfuds'ku fLdYl 2<br />

,e-lh-,l-,y--016 bUVjusV dUlsIV <strong>vkSj</strong> osc fMtkbu 2<br />

,e-lh-,l-,y--017 ¼lh <strong>vkSj</strong> ,lsEcyh ySaXost izksxzkfeax½ ySc 2<br />

lsesLVj II<br />

,e-lh-,l--021 MkVk <strong>vkSj</strong> Qkby LVªDpj ,oa izksxzkfeax 4<br />

,e-lh-,l--022 vkWijsfVax flLVe dUlsIV ,saM 4<br />

usVofd±x eSust<strong>esa</strong>V<br />

,e-lh-,l--023 MkVk csl eSust<strong>esa</strong>V flLVe <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 3<br />

,e-lh-,l--024 vkWctsDV vksfj,aVsM VSDuksykWth<br />

,aM tkok izksxzkfeax 3<br />

,e-lh-,l-,y--025 ySc ¼,e-lh-,l--021, 022, 023<br />

rFkk 024 ij vk/kkfjr½ 4<br />

f}rh; o"kZ<br />

lsesLVj III<br />

,e-lh-,l--031<br />

,e-lh-,l--032<br />

fMtkbu ,aM ,ukfyfll vkWQ<br />

,yxksfjnEl 4<br />

vkWctsDV vksfj,aVsM ,ukfyflt ,aM<br />

fMtkbu 3<br />

,e-lh-,l--033 ,MokaLM fMLØhV eSFkseSfVDl 2<br />

,e-lh-,l--034 lkWVos;j bathfu;fjax 3<br />

,e-lh-,l--035 ys[kk <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> foÙk izca/ku 3<br />

,e-lh-,l-,y--036 ySc ¼,e lh ,l&032, 034 <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

035 ij vk/kkfjr½ 3<br />

lsesLVj IV<br />

,e-lh-,l--041 vkSijsfVax flLVe 4<br />

,e-lh-,l--042 MkVk dE;wfuds'ku ,oa <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

daI;wVj usVodZ 4<br />

,e-lh-,l--043 ,MokaLM MkVk csl eSust<strong>esa</strong>V flLVEl 4<br />

,e-lh-,l--044 feuh izkstSDV ¼y?kq ifj;kstuk½ 4<br />

,e-lh-,l-,y--045 ySc ¼;wfuDl <strong>vkSj</strong> vksjsdy½ 2<br />

r`rh; o"kZ<br />

lsesLVj V<br />

,e-lh-,l--051 ,MokaLM baVjusV VsDuksykWth 3<br />

,e-lh-,l--052 lwpuk ra= <strong>vkSj</strong> izca/k ds fl)kar 2<br />

,e-lh-,l--053 daI;wVj xzkfQDl <strong>vkSj</strong> eYVhehfM;k 4<br />

,e-lh-,l-,y--054 ySc ¼,e-lh-,l--051 <strong>vkSj</strong> 053<br />

ij vk/kkfjr½ 2<br />

,sfPNd ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-lh-,l-bZ--003 vkVhZfQf'k;y bUVsyhtsal ,aM<br />

ukWyst eSust<strong>esa</strong>V 3<br />

,e-lh-,l-bZ--004 U;wesjhdy ,aM LVsfVfLVdy daI;wfVax 3<br />

,e-lh-,l-bZ--011 iSjSyy daI;wfVax 3<br />

lsesLVj VI<br />

,e-lh-,l-ih--060 ifj;kstuk 16<br />

* bl le; dsoy 3 ,sfPNd ikB~;Øe miyC/k gSa <strong>vkSj</strong> fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

bu lHkh <strong>dk</strong> p;u djuk gSA tc dHkh ge u, ikB~;Øe rS;kj djsaxs<br />

rks vki<strong>dk</strong>s lwfpr fd;k tk,xkA<br />

ikB~;Øeksa dh dqy la[;k&31]<br />

dqy ØsfMV&108<br />

bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong> 17


2-1-2 vkgkj foKku <strong>vkSj</strong> [kk| lsok izcaèku <strong>esa</strong><br />

,e-,llh- ¼,e-,llh-Mh-,Q-,l-,e-½<br />

vkgkj&foKku <strong>vkSj</strong> [kk| lsok izcaèku ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,l-lh- <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

vLirky@leqnk; vkgkj&foKku] [kk|&lsok izcaèku tSls jkstxkj<br />

ds mHkjrs {ks= ds fy, yksxksa <strong>dk</strong>s izf'kf{kr djus <strong>vkSj</strong> Jecy<br />

¼vkgkj&fo'ks"kK] iks"k.k ijke'kZnkrk] [kk|&lsok izcaèkd bR;kfn½ dh<br />

t:jrksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> [kk|<br />

lsok laLFkkuksa <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Z dj jgs dfeZ;ksa tSls vkgkj&fo'ks"kKksa] vkgkj<br />

rduhf'k;uksa] ijke'kZnkrkvksa bR;kfn dh O;kolkf;d {kerkvksa <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

mUur djus ij /;ku dsafnzr fd;k x;k gSA fo|kFkhZ mRiknd <strong>dk</strong>S'kyksa<br />

ds lkFk viuh tku<strong>dk</strong>jh <strong>esa</strong> lao`f) dj vius jkstxkj dh mUufr <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

vfHko`f) dj ldrs gSaA<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd fo|kFkhZ 30 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong><br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> baVuZf'ki iwjk djus ij vkgkj foKku <strong>vkSj</strong> tu<br />

iks"k.k <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek ¼ih th Mh Mh ih ,u½ izkIr dj ldrk<br />

gSA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk% bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> fl)kar ,oa iz;ksx nksuksa<br />

?kVd 'kkfey gSaA ekLVj <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> 'kkfey ikB~;Øe ,oa mu<strong>dk</strong><br />

ØsfMV ewY; bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j gS %<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe 'kh"kZd ØsfMV C;kSjk<br />

fl}kar iz;ksxkRed fl)kar iz;ksxkRed<br />

,e,Q,u&1 & & ,IykbM fQft;ksykWth 4 –<br />

,e,Q,u&2 ,e,Q,u,y&2 U;wfVª'kuy ck;ksdsesLVªh 2 2<br />

,e,Q,u&3 ,e,Q,u,y&3 QwM lsVh <strong>vkSj</strong> QwM<br />

ekbØksck;ksykWth 2 2<br />

,e,Q,u&4 ,e,Q,u,y&4 ,Mokal U;wfVª'ku 4 2<br />

,e,Q,u&5 ,e,Q,u,y&5 Dyhfud <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

fFkjsI;wfVd U;wfVª'ku 4 2<br />

,e,Q,u&6 ,e,Q,u,y&6 ifCyd U;wfVª'ku 4 2<br />

,e,Q,u&7 ,e,Q,u,y&7 ,aVjizsujf'ki <strong>vkSj</strong> QwM<br />

lfoZl eSust<strong>esa</strong>V 4 2<br />

,e,Q,u&8 ,e,Q,u,y&8 fizflaiYl vkWQ QwM<br />

lkbal 2 2<br />

,e,Q,u&9 & fjlpZ eSFkM~l ,saM<br />

ck;ksLVsfVDl 6 –<br />

,e,Q,u&10 & vaMjLVSfMax daI;wVj<br />

,Iyhds'ku 2 –<br />

& ,e,Q,uih&11 baVuZf'ki izksxzke – 16*<br />

& ,e,Q,uih&12 'kks/k&fuca/k – 8<br />

* <strong>dk</strong>;Zjr vkgkj&fo'ks"kKksa }kjk <strong>dk</strong>;Z&vuqHko izek.ki= izLrqr fd, tkus ij]<br />

mu<strong>dk</strong>s ØsfMV&varj.k dh lqfo/kk iznku dh tk,xhA<br />

& ihthMhMhih,u ds fy, 12 ØsfMVA<br />

,e-,llh ¼Mh,Q,l,e½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe%<br />

izFke o"kZ % ,e,Q,u-1] ,e,Q,u-2]<br />

ds ikB~;Øe ,e,Q,u,y-2] ,e,Q,u-3] ,e,Q,u,y-3]<br />

,e,Q,u-6] ,e,Q,u,y-6] ,e,Q,u-8]<br />

,e,Q,u,y-8 <strong>vkSj</strong> ,e,Q,u-10<br />

f}rh; o"kZ % ,e,Q,u-4] ,e,Q,u,y-4]<br />

18 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong><br />

ds ikB~;Øe ,e,Q,u-5] ,e,Q,u,y-5] ,e,Q,u-7]<br />

,e,Q,u,y-7] ,e,Q,u-9] ,e,Q,uih-11<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> ,e,Q,uih-12<br />

ihthMhMhih,u <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

ikB~;Øe % ,e,Q,u-1] ,e,Q,u-2]<br />

,e,Q,u-3] ,e,Q,u-4]<br />

,e,Q,u-5] ,e,Q,u,y-5]<br />

,e,Q,u-6] ,e,Q,u,y-6]<br />

,e,Q,u-7] ,e,Q,u,y-7 <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

,e,Q,uih-11<br />

iz;ksx% iz;ksx ikB~;Øe ,e-,llh- ¼Mh ,Q ,l ,e½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ,d<br />

egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gSA iz;ksx <strong>l=</strong>ksa <strong>esa</strong> Hkkx ysuk furkar vko';d gSA<br />

izR;sd iz;ksx ikB~;Øe 2 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gS <strong>vkSj</strong> iz;ksx <strong>l=</strong> dh vof/k 7<br />

fnu dh gS vFkkZr~ bl<strong>esa</strong> pkj-pkj ?kaVs ds 14 <strong>l=</strong> gSaA <strong>l=</strong>kar iz;ksx<br />

ijh{kk ianzgoas iz;ksx <strong>l=</strong> <strong>esa</strong> vk;ksftr dh tk,xhA<br />

baaVuZf'ki% ,e-,llh- ¼Mh,Q,l,e½ <strong>mikf</strong>/k iznku djus ds fy,<br />

ekU;rkizkIr vLirky@laLFkku ds vkgkj foKku foHkkx <strong>esa</strong> Ng<br />

lIrkg dh vof/k dh baVuZf'ki vfuok;Z gS ¼ØsfMV ds varj.k ds<br />

ekeyksa <strong>dk</strong>s NksM+dj½A ihthMhMhih ,u ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, rhu<br />

eghus dh baVuZf'ki ¼12 ØsfMV½ vfuok;Z gSA<br />

fo'ofo|ky; ,e-,llh- ¼Mh,Q,e,e½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> lsokjr vkgkj<br />

fo'ks"kK ¼MkbVsfVDl ,saM ifCyd gsYFk U;wfVª'ku <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj<br />

fMIyksek <strong>esa</strong> <strong>mikf</strong>/k lfgr½ ds fy, ØsfMV varj.k dh btktr nsrk<br />

gS <strong>vkSj</strong> fiNys ik¡p o"kks± <strong>esa</strong> fdlh ekU;rkizkIr laLFkku@ fo'ofo|ky;<br />

ftlus rhu eghus ds baVuZf'ki <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong>s lQyrkiwoZd iwjk fd;k<br />

gksA<br />

2-1-3 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,-vkj-Mh-½<br />

xzkeh.k lekt ls lacafèkr fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds eqíksa <strong>dk</strong>s le>us <strong>esa</strong> xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

fo"k; <strong>dk</strong> vR;ar egRo gSA xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh<br />

ikB~; lkexzh <strong>esa</strong> ,sls fofHkUu 'kS{kf.kd fo"k;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS<br />

tks Hkkjrh; ifjizs{; <strong>esa</strong> bl fo"k; ds fy, vfr vko';d gSaA bl<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> ,d vfuok;Z Hkkx 'kksèk<strong>dk</strong>;Z gS tks fd xzkeh.k {ks= <strong>esa</strong> fd,<br />

x, vuqHkotU; 'kksèk ij vkèkkfjr gSA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe xzkeh.k ifjorZu <strong>esa</strong><br />

layXu fofHkUu lj<strong>dk</strong>jh foHkkxksa@vfHkdj.kksa@xSj lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa]<br />

lg<strong>dk</strong>jh lfefr;ksa] cSa<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>vkSj</strong> vU; laLFkkvksa <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Zjr dfeZ;ksa ds fy,<br />

mi;ksxh gksxkA xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>e djus ds bPNqd uo<br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sa ds fy, Hkh ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe mi;ksxh gksxkA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> fuEufyf[kr ikB~;Øe gSa%<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

izFke o"kZ<br />

vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-vkj-Mh - -101 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l & Hkkjrh; lanHkZ 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh- -102 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh- -103 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l & ;kstuk <strong>vkSj</strong> izcaèk 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh- -4 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> 'kksèk i)fr;k¡ 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-ih- -1 'kksèk fucaèk 1 2


f}rh; o"kZ<br />

oSdfYid ikB~;Øe ¼<strong>dk</strong>sbZ ikap½<br />

vkj-Mh-Mh-&6 xzkeh.k LokLF; ns[kHkky 6<br />

vkj-Mh-Mh-&7 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> lapkj <strong>vkSj</strong> foLrkj 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-bZ-&101 xzke lkekftd fo<strong>dk</strong>l 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-bZ-&002 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> LoSfPNd <strong>dk</strong>;Z 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-bZ-&003 Hkwfe lqèkkj ,oa xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-bZ-&004 m|ferk <strong>vkSj</strong> xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l 6<br />

2-1-4 okf.kT; <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj <strong>mikf</strong>èk ¼,e-<strong>dk</strong>We-½<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe lHkh Lrjksa ij okf.kT; f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> c


vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj <strong>mikf</strong>èk ¼,e-bZ-th-½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mís'; fo|kfFkZ;ksa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s vaxzsth lkfgR; ds lkFk&lkFk vU; ns'kksa ds lkfgR; tSls vesfj<strong>dk</strong>]<br />

dukMk] vkWLVªsfy;k] Hkkjrh; vaxzsth rFkk vU; uo lkfgR; ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong><br />

xgu le> iznku djuk gSA blls fo|kFkhZ viuh ilan ds vaxzsth<br />

;k vU; lkfgR; <strong>dk</strong>s muds leqfpr ,sfrgkfld&leh{kkRed ifjizs{;<br />

<strong>esa</strong> le> ldsaxsA iBu&fo'ys"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> ys[ku n{krk <strong>dk</strong> vPNk Kku<br />

bl ikB~;Øe dh iwoZ 'krZ gSA<br />

izFke o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe<br />

MEG-1 British Poetry 8<br />

MEG-2 British Drama 8<br />

MEG-3 British Novel 8<br />

MEG-4 Aspects of Language 8<br />

f}rh; o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe ¼vfuok;Z½<br />

MEG-5 Literary Criticism and Theory 8<br />

oSdfYid <strong>dk</strong>slZ ¼<strong>dk</strong>sbZ rhu pqusa½<br />

MEG-6 American Literature 8<br />

MEG-7 Indian English Literature 8<br />

MEG-8 New Literatures in English 8<br />

MEG-9 Australian Literature 8<br />

MEG-10 English Studies in India 8<br />

MEG-11 American Novel 8<br />

MEG-12 A Survey Course in 20th 8<br />

Century Canadian Literature<br />

MEG-14 Contemporary Indian Literature 8<br />

in English Translation<br />

2-1-7 fgUnh <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,p-Mh-½<br />

bl ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> mís'; fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s fgUnh Hkk"kk <strong>vkSj</strong> lkfgR; ds<br />

{ks= <strong>esa</strong> foLr`r tku<strong>dk</strong>jh <strong>vkSj</strong> fo'ks"k Kku iznku djuk gS ftlls os<br />

lkfgR; ds vkLoknu <strong>vkSj</strong> fo'ys"k.k&ewY;kadu <strong>esa</strong> n{krk <strong>dk</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

dj ldsaA<br />

çFke o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe ¼çR;sd 8 ØsfMV½<br />

1- ,e-,p-Mh-&2 vkèkqfud fgUnh dfork<br />

2- ,e-,p-Mh-&3 miU;kl ,oa dgkfu;k¡<br />

3- ,e-,p-Mh-&4 ukVd ,oa vU; x| foèkk,¡<br />

4- ,e-,p-Mh-&6 fgUnh Hkk"kk ,oa lkfgR; <strong>dk</strong> bfrgkl<br />

f}rh; o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe ¼,e-,p-Mh-&05 ikB~;Øe<br />

8 ØsfMV] 'ks"k lHkh 4&4 ØsfMV½<br />

1- ,e-,p-Mh-&1 fgUnh <strong>dk</strong>O;&1 ¼vkfn <strong>dk</strong>O;] HkfDr<br />

<strong>dk</strong>O; ,oa jhfr <strong>dk</strong>O;½<br />

2- ,e-,p-Mh-&5 lkfgR; fl)kar <strong>vkSj</strong> lekykspuk<br />

3- ,e-,p-Mh-&7 Hkk"kkfoKku <strong>vkSj</strong> fgUnh Hkk"kk<br />

4- ,e-,p-Mh-&13 miU;kl% Lo:i <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

5- ,e-,p-Mh-&14 fgUnh miU;kl&1 ¼çsepUn <strong>dk</strong><br />

fo'ks"k vè;;u½<br />

6- ,e-,p-Mh-&15 fgUnh miU;kl&2<br />

7- ,e-,p-Mh-&16 Hkkjrh; miU;kl<br />

2-1-8 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,l-MCY;w-½<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w- <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s O;kolkf;d lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong><br />

mPp v/;;u <strong>dk</strong> volj iznku djrk gSA bl<strong>esa</strong> iwjs fo'o <strong>vkSj</strong> Hkkjr<br />

<strong>esa</strong> lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z ls lacafèkr <strong>dk</strong>sj ikB~;Øeksa ds vfrfjDr oS'ohdj.k]<br />

izokl] Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong> lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>dk</strong> bfrgkl] izk;ksfxd lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z ij<br />

fl)kar <strong>dk</strong> ikB~;Øe <strong>vkSj</strong> ,d ikB~;Øe ,p-vkbZ-oh- ,M~l ij gS]<br />

tks vkt ds lanHkZ <strong>esa</strong> cgqr mi;ksxh gSA blds iz;ksx'kkyk ?kV<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

cM+h lrdZrk ls rS;kj fd;k x;k gS] ftlls fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s O;kogkfjd<br />

izf'k{k.k fn;k tk lds <strong>vkSj</strong> mUgsa Hkkjr <strong>vkSj</strong> fons'kksa <strong>esa</strong> mi;qDr<br />

jkstxkj fey ldsA<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> 66 ØsfMV gSa ftl<strong>esa</strong> 10 fl)kar ds ikB~;Øe]<br />

,d 'kksèk fucaèk <strong>vkSj</strong> nks iz;ksxkRed ?kVd gSaA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe vaxzsth<br />

,oa fgUnh nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa <strong>esa</strong> miyC/k gSA ikB~;Øeksa dh lwph fuEu<br />

iz<strong>dk</strong>j gS %<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

izFke o"kZ<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--1 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>dk</strong> mn~xe <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--2 O;kolkf;d lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z %<br />

Hkkjrh; ifjizs{; 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--3<br />

vkèkkjHkwr lkekftd foKku<br />

dh ladYiuk 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--4 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> lkekftd fo<strong>dk</strong>l 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--5 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> iz;ksx <strong>vkSj</strong> i;Zos{k.k 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--6 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> vuqlaèkku 6<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w-,y--1 {ks= <strong>dk</strong>;Z tuZy ¼izk;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;Z½ 10<br />

f}rh; o"kZ ¼vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe½<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--7<br />

oS;fDrd <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> ijke'kZ% O;fDr;ksa<br />

ds lkFk <strong>dk</strong>;Z djuk 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--8 lkekftd lewg <strong>dk</strong>;Z %<br />

lewgksa ds lkFk <strong>dk</strong>;Z djuk 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w--9<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w-,y--2<br />

,sfPNd ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w-bZ--1<br />

lkeqnkf;d fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds fy, leqnk;<br />

laxBu izca/ku 4<br />

lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z iz;ksx&II<br />

¼izk;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;Z½ 10<br />

,p-vkbZ-oh-@,M~l% cnukeh<br />

HksnHkko <strong>vkSj</strong> cpko 4<br />

,e-,l-MCY;w-ih--1 'kksèk fucaèk ¼ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z½ 4<br />

dqy 66<br />

20 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong>


2-1-9 n’kZu’kkL= <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,-ih-okbZ½<br />

nwj ek/;e ls n’kZu’kkL= <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,-ih-okbZ½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong><br />

mn~ns’; u dsoy fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vkthfo<strong>dk</strong> ds voljksa <strong>esa</strong> o`f)<br />

djuk gSa] cfYd efLr"d <strong>dk</strong>s csgrj rkfdZd lksp] ekufld vuq'kklu]<br />

fo'ys"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> la'ys"k.k dh ;ksX;rk] lkekftd ,oa jktuhfrd<br />

okLrfodrkvksa ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> ifjfpr djkuk Hkh gSA n'kZu'kkL=] jk"Vªh;<br />

,dhdj.k] nwljksa dh fo'on`f"V dh ;FkkFkZ ij[k fofHkUu oSpkfjd<br />

izfrekuksa dh csgrj le> <strong>vkSj</strong> 'kkafriw.kZ lgUvfLrRo ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> yksxksa<br />

ds n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k <strong>dk</strong> foLrkj djrk gSA ;g csgrj jk"Vª <strong>dk</strong> fuekZ.k djus<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> lkekftd lerk <strong>dk</strong>s lqfu'fpr djus] ekuo dh e;kZnk <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

uxfj<strong>dk</strong>sa ds ekuo vf/k<strong>dk</strong>jksa ls ifjfpr djkdj lkekftd ifjorZr<br />

<strong>dk</strong> ,d lk/ku Hkh curk gSA n'kZu'kkL= <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>srj <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong><br />

fuEufyf[kr izeq[k ?kVd 'kkfey gSa% 1½ vfuok;Z ikB~Øe 16 ØsfMV]<br />

2½ ,sfPNd ikB~;Øe&48 ØsfMVA fo|kFkhZ izFke o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> 6 ,sfPNd <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

6 ,sfPNd f}rh; o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> ys ldrk gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong>s lQyrkiwoZd<br />

iwjk djus ij fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s lqfo/kkuqlkj 2 ls 5 o"kZ ds Hkhrj 64 ØsfMV<br />

vftZr djus gksaxsA <strong>tuojh</strong> 2011 <strong>l=</strong> ds fy, v/;;u lkexzh dh<br />

lkWV izfr;k¡ miyC/k djkbZ tk,xhA<br />

Øe ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> ikB~;Øe dh ikB~;Øe ØsfMV<br />

la- 'kh"kZd izd`fr <strong>dk</strong>sM<br />

izFke o"kZ ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&001 8<br />

1- Hkkjrh; n'kZu'kkL= vfuok;Z ,e-,-ih-okbZ-1 4<br />

2- rdZ 'kkL= ,sfPNd ,e-,-ih-okbZ-2 4<br />

3- uhfr'kkL= n'kZu'kkL= ,sfPNd ,e-,-ih-okbZ-3 4<br />

4- Kku ehekalk ,sfPNd ,e-,-ih-okbZ-4 4<br />

5- euq"; <strong>dk</strong> n'kZu'kkL= ,sfPNd ,e-,-ih-okbZ-5 4<br />

6- fo'o ds /keZ ,sfPNd ,e-,-ih-okbZ-6 4<br />

7- nfyr nk'kZfudrk ,sfPNd ,e-,-ih-okbZ-7 4<br />

8- n'kZu'kkL= <strong>esa</strong> 'kks/k ,sfPNd ,e-,-ih-okbZ-5 4<br />

izfof/k<br />

9- 'kkafr ,oa la?k"kZ ,sfPNd ,e-th-ih--5 8<br />

lek/kku <strong>dk</strong> ifjp;<br />

f}rh; o"kZ<br />

10- ik'pkR; n'kZu'kkL= vfuok;Z ,e-ih-okbZ-&8 4<br />

oSdfYid ¼fdUgha Ng ,sfPNd <strong>dk</strong>slks± ij fu'kku ¼3 ½<br />

yxk,aA<br />

11- rRoehekalk ,sfPNd ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&9 4<br />

12- foKku <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

czgekaM foKku <strong>dk</strong><br />

n'kZu'kkL= ,sfPNd ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&10 4<br />

13- /keZ <strong>dk</strong> n'kZu'kkL= ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&11 4<br />

14- dyk <strong>dk</strong> n'kZu'kkL= ¼,sLFksfVDl½ ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&12 4<br />

15- tutkfr <strong>dk</strong> n'kZu'kkL= ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&13 4<br />

16- izkS|ksfxdh <strong>dk</strong> n'kZu'kkL= ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&1 4<br />

17- efLr"d <strong>dk</strong> n'kZu'kkL= ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ-&13 4<br />

18- xka/kh oknh nk'kZfudrk ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&14 4<br />

19- vjfoUn <strong>dk</strong> n'kZu'kkL= ,e-ih-okbZ-bZ&15 4<br />

20- 'kks/k fuca/k ,e-ih-okbZ-ih-&1 4<br />

<strong><strong>2.</strong>1</strong>.10 ,e-,- ¼xka/kh <strong>vkSj</strong> ‘kkafr v/;;u½<br />

¼,e-th-ih-,l-½<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds mn~ns’;<br />

• f’k{kkfFkZ;kas <strong>dk</strong>s mPp f’k{kk ds volj iznku djuk lS)kafrd <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

O;kogkfjd xka/kh v/;;u 'kkafr la?k"kZ izca/ku <strong>vkSj</strong> lkekftd<br />

iqufuZek.k <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sRrj Lrj ij xq.koRrk iw.kZ f’k{kk iznku<br />

djuk<br />

• 'kkafr v/;;u <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ lek/kku ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> Kku iznku djuk<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ,e-fQy <strong>esa</strong> mPp f’k{kk Lrj ij lrr<br />

f’k{kk ds volj iznku djuk<br />

• fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s Hkkoh vuqla/kku] izf’k{k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> vkfFkZd] lkekftd<br />

tsaMj jktuhfrd] i;kZoj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds eqn~nksa ij<br />

vkthfo<strong>dk</strong> ds O;kid volj iznku djuk<br />

• fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s 'kkafr LFkkiuk ,oa 'kkafr fuekZ.k <strong>esa</strong> 'kks/k v/;kiu<br />

,oa ,e-th-vks- vkfn <strong>esa</strong> dSfj;j vkjaHk djus ds ;ksX; cukukA<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd dzsfMV<br />

,ethih&1 n eSu ,aM fgt VkbEl 4<br />

,ethih&2 xka/kh dh n’kZu'kkL= 4<br />

,ethih&3 xka/kh dh lkekftd lksp 4<br />

,ethih&4 xka/kh jktuhfr 4<br />

lksp 4<br />

,ethih&5 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ<br />

lek/kku <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 4<br />

oSdfYid ikB~;dze<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd dzsfMV<br />

,ethihbZ&6 xka/kh dh vkfFkZd<br />

fopk/kkjk 4<br />

,ethihbZ&7 xka/kh ds ckn vfgalk vkUnksyu 4<br />

,ethihbZ&8 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ lek/kku<br />

ls lacaf/kr xka/khoknh mikxe 4<br />

,ethihbZ&9 21 oha lnh <strong>esa</strong> xka/kh 4<br />

,ethihbZ&10 la?k"kZ izca/ku ifjorZu<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> 'kkafr fuekZ.k 4<br />

,ethihbZ&11 Ekkuo lqj{kk 4<br />

,ethihbZ&12 Efgyk,a <strong>vkSj</strong> 'kkafr 4<br />

,ethihbZ&13 Ukkxfjd lekt] jktuhfrd 'kklu]<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ 4<br />

,ethihbZ&14 xka/kh] ikfjfLFkfrdh<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l 4<br />

bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong> 21


,ethihbZ&15 'kks/k izfof/k <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 4<br />

,ethihbZ&16 Ekkuo vf/k<strong>dk</strong>j<br />

Hkkjrh; ifjiz{;% 4<br />

,ethihbZ&17&4 *ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 4<br />

*'kks/k fuca/k 8 dzsfMV ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z oSdfYid gS <strong>vkSj</strong> ;g nks<br />

4 dszfMV ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z ds cnys <strong>esa</strong> yh tk ldrh gSA bl<strong>esa</strong><br />

vuqHkokRed vk;ke lkekftd leL;k,¡ <strong>vkSj</strong> xka/kh vkanksyu vkfn<br />

'kkfey gSA<br />

2-1-11 f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,-bZ-Mh-;w-½<br />

,e-,- ¼f'k{kk½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mís'; f'k{kk ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> lqizf'kf{kr Kku<br />

laiUu O;fDr;ksa ds ny <strong>dk</strong> fuekZ.k djuk gSA fo'ks"k :i ls ,e-,-<br />

¼f'k{kk½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds y{; gSa %<br />

d½ f'k{k.k vuqHko iznku djuk] fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s f'k{kk dh lajpuk<br />

[k½<br />

dh O;kid le> <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k{kk ds izfreku miyCèk djkuk(<br />

f'k{kk ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> izHkkoh lgHkkfxrk ds fy, O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s rS;kj djuk(<br />

x½ 'kSf{kd ifjppkZ <strong>esa</strong> Hkkx ysus ds fy, Kku laiUu yksxksa <strong>dk</strong> ,d<br />

leqnk; fufeZr djukA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zde dh lajpuk % ,e-,- ¼f'k{kk½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> vyx&<br />

vyx vfèkHkkfjrk ds 4 lewg ds ikB~;Øe gSaA bl<strong>esa</strong> dqy 68 ØsfMV<br />

gSa <strong>vkSj</strong> izR;sd fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s izfro"kZ 34 ØsfMV iwjs djus gSaA<br />

lewg d% f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> cqfu;knh ikB~;Øe<br />

lewg [k%<strong>dk</strong>sj ikB~;Øe<br />

lewg x% f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> Kku <strong>dk</strong> ltZu djus okys ikB~;Øe<br />

lewg ?k% f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> fo'ks"khÑr {ks=<br />

lewg d% f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> cqfu;knh ikB~;Øe ¼4 ØsfMV½<br />

;g ikB~;Øe f'k{kk ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> laf{kIr ysfdu lkjxfHkZr lkexzh<br />

miyCèk djkrk gS <strong>vkSj</strong> fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s f'k{kk ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> fofHkUu igyqvksa<br />

,oa <strong>dk</strong>;ks Za ls ifjfpr djkrk gSA ;g fofoèkrk ,oa lfEeJrk ds lkFk<br />

f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> fogaxkoyksdu Hkh iznku djrk gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&11 f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong>s le>uk 4<br />

lewg [k%<strong>dk</strong>sj ikB~;Øe<br />

<strong>dk</strong>sj ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> mn~ns'; f'k{kk ds egRoiw.kZ igyqvksa ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong><br />

xgu le> iznku djuk gSA bu<strong>esa</strong> leqfpr 'kSf{kd ifjn`'; <strong>esa</strong><br />

fofHkUu ladYiukvksa] izfØ;kvksa ,oa <strong>dk</strong>;ksZa <strong>dk</strong> mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA<br />

bUgsa /;ku <strong>esa</strong> j[krs gq, pkj ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gS tks<br />

lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vfuok;Z gSaA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&12 f'k{kk( izd`fr <strong>vkSj</strong> mn~ns'; 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&13 v/;;u] fo|kFkhZ <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&14 f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> lkekftd lanHkZ 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&15 f'k{kk ds izpkyukRed vk;ke 6<br />

lewg x% f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> Kku l`tu lacaèkh ikB~;Øe<br />

lewg x dh lajpuk bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j ls cukbZ xbZ gS ftlls f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> Kku<br />

l`tu dh izfØ;k dh lS)kafrd le> ds lkFk&lkFk 'kksèk xfrfofèk;ksa<br />

ds fy, O;kogkfjd vuqHko iznku fd;k tk ldsA f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> Kku<br />

l`tu dh lS)kafrd le> <strong>dk</strong>s ^'kSf{kd vuqlaèkku* ikB~;Øe <strong>esa</strong> fn;k<br />

x;k gSA blh rjg ls 'kSf{kd vuqlaèkku <strong>esa</strong> O;kogkfjd vuqHko <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

'kksèk fucaèk ds :i <strong>esa</strong> vfèkd vFkZiw.kZ ,oa lQy vuqHko ds :i <strong>esa</strong><br />

n`f"Vxr fd;k x;k gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&16 'kSf{kd vuqlaèkku 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-ih-&1 'kksèk fucaèk 10<br />

lewg ?k% f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> fo'ks"khÑr {ks=<br />

lewg ?k ds varxZr vki<strong>dk</strong>s ,d fo'ks"khd`r {ks= <strong>esa</strong> 24 ØsfMV ds pkj<br />

vFkok ik¡p ikB~;Øe iwjs djus gSaA izkjaHk <strong>esa</strong> pkj fo'ks"khd`r {ks=<br />

miyCèk djk, x, gaSA vki<strong>dk</strong>s ,d fo'ks"khd`r {ks= <strong>dk</strong> p;u djuk<br />

gSA fo'ks"khd`r {ks= <strong>esa</strong> mPp f'k{kk] nwj f'k{kk] 'kSf{kd izkS|ksfxdh ,oa<br />

'kSf{kd izcaèku 'kkfey gSaA ;fn vkius miyC/k fo'ks"khd`r {ks= <strong>esa</strong> ls<br />

fdlh Hkh {ks= <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek@Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek vftZr dj fy;k gS<br />

rks vki<strong>dk</strong>s fo'ks"kKrk ds 'ks"k {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> ls fdlh ,d {ks= <strong>dk</strong> p;u<br />

djuk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ;fn vkius 'kSf{kd izkS|ksfxdh <strong>esa</strong> ih th<br />

fMIyksek ¼ihthMhbZMh½ izkIr dj fy;k gS] rks vki<strong>dk</strong>s fo'ks"kKrk ds<br />

{ks=ksa vFkkZr~ nwj f'k{kk] mPp f'k{kk <strong>vkSj</strong> 'kSf{kd izca/ku <strong>esa</strong> ls ,d <strong>dk</strong><br />

p;u djuk gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

mPp f'k{kk<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&101 mPp f'k{kk % blds lanHkZ 6<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> laidZ<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&102 mPp f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> f'k{k.k 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&103 mPp f'k{kk % euksoSKkfud 6<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> lkekftd lanHkZ<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&104 mPp f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> fu;kstu 6<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> izca/k<br />

nwj f'k{kk<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&111 nwj f'k{kk dh lao`f) 4<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> n'kZu<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&112 Lof'k{k.k] eqfnzr lkexzh <strong>dk</strong> 4<br />

vfHkdYi <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&113 f'k{kkFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,¡ 4<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&114 nwj f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> izca/k 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&115 nwj f'k{kk ds fy, lapkj 6<br />

izkS|ksfxdh<br />

22 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong>


'kSf{kd izkS|ksfxdh<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&31 bZ-Vh- & fogaxkoyksdu 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&32 lapkj <strong>vkSj</strong> lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&33 daI;wVj izkS|ksfxdh 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&34 ikB~;&lkexzh <strong>dk</strong> vfHkdYi 6<br />

'kSf{kd izcaèk<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&41 'kSf{kd izca/k dh lao`f) 6<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&42 'kSf{kd izca/k ds vk;ke 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&43 laxBukRed O;ogkj 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&44 laLFkkxr izca/k 6<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds izFke o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> miyCèk <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ¼dqy 34 ØsfMV½<br />

lHkh vfuok;Z gaS%<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&11 f'k{kk dh le> 4<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&12 f'k{kk % izd`fr <strong>vkSj</strong> iz;kstu 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&13 f'k{k.k] f'k{kkFkhZ <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&14 f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> lkekftd lanHkZ 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&15 f'k{kk ds lapkyukRed vk;ke 6<br />

,e-bZ-,l-&16 f'k{kk vuqla/kku 6<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds f}rh; o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> miyCèk ikB~;Øe<br />

¼dqy 34 ØsfMV½<br />

1- fuEufyf[kr fo'ks"khd`r {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> ls fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s <strong>dk</strong>sbZ ,d<br />

fo'ks"khd`r {ks= pquuk gS%<br />

¼d½ mPp f'k{kk<br />

24 ØsfMV<br />

¼[k½ nwj f'k{kk<br />

24 ØsfMV<br />

¼x½ 'kSf{kd izkS|ksfxdh 24 ØsfMV<br />

¼?k½ 'kSf{kd izcaèk 24 ØsfMV<br />

2- 'kksèk fucaèk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 10 ØsfMV<br />

dì;k /;ku nsa fd ,e-, ,Mq <strong>esa</strong> dsoy izFke o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> gh ,d ckj<br />

iathdj.k djus dh vko';drk gksrh gSA<br />

2-1-12 lgHkkxh fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,-<br />

¼,e-,-ih-Mh-½<br />

lekos'kh <strong>vkSj</strong> lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>vkSj</strong> lgHkkxh fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>s ,d mikxe ds<br />

:i <strong>esa</strong> lqxe cukuk orZeku jk"Vªh; <strong>vkSj</strong> varjjk"Vªh; fo<strong>dk</strong>l O;ogkj<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> ppkZ <strong>dk</strong> ,d vfHkUu vax gSA<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l {ks= <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Zjr yksxksa <strong>dk</strong>s iapk;r <strong>vkSj</strong> uxj ikfy<strong>dk</strong> tSls laoS/<br />

kkfud fu<strong>dk</strong>;ksa dh ubZ okLrfodrkvksa ij /;ku nsus ds lkFk&lkFk<br />

vkfnoklh] nfyrksa <strong>vkSj</strong> efgykvksa dh fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa <strong>vkSj</strong> ifj;kstukvksa<br />

<strong>esa</strong> Hkkxhnkjh <strong>dk</strong>s cuk 6<br />

,eMh,l&2 fo<strong>dk</strong>l uhfr;ka <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 6<br />

,eMh,l&3 yksdrkaf=d 'kklu <strong>vkSj</strong> ukxfjd lekt 6<br />

,eMh,l&4 fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> lgHkkfxrk <strong>dk</strong>s lqfuf'pr djuk 6<br />

,eMh,l&5 lgHkkxh ifj;kstuk izca/ku 6<br />

,eMh,l&6 {ks= <strong>dk</strong>;Z 6<br />

,eMh,l&7 fo<strong>dk</strong>l laxBuksa <strong>dk</strong> <strong>dk</strong>uwuh ,oa fofu;ked<br />


,eMh,l&8 fo<strong>dk</strong>l laxBuksa <strong>dk</strong> izca/ku ,oa<br />

fofu;ked


fo"k;&fo'ks"kKrk izkIr djus ds fodYi iznku djrk gSA v/;;u<br />

ds Ik'pkr~ f'k{kkFkhZ jktuhfrd fo'ys"k.k eas <strong>dk</strong>S'ky izkIr dj ldsaxs<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> blds lkFk&lkFk viuh rkfdZd <strong>vkSj</strong> fo'ys"k.kkRed ;ksX;rkvksa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s csgrj cuk ldsaxsA<br />

vfuok;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> oSdfYid ikB~;Øeksa okyk ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 64 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong><br />

gSA fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s izFke o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> 32 ØsfMV ds vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

f}rh; o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> 32 ØsfMV ds oSdfYid ikB~;Øe ysus gksaxsA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

izFke o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-ih-,l&001 jktuhfrd fl)kar 8<br />

,e-ih-,l&2 varjjk"Vªh; lacaèk % fl)kar <strong>vkSj</strong> leL;k,a 8<br />

,e-ih-,l-&3 Hkkjr % yksdra= <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l 8<br />

,e-ih-,l-&4 rqyukRed jktuhfr % 8<br />

eqn~ns <strong>vkSj</strong> izo`fÙk;k¡<br />

f}rh; o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&1 Hkkjr <strong>vkSj</strong> fo'o 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&2 ykfru vesfj<strong>dk</strong> <strong>esa</strong> jkT; <strong>vkSj</strong> lekt 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&3 if'peh jktuhfrd fparu 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&4 vkèkqfud Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong> lkekftd <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

jktuhfrd fparu 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&5 vÝh<strong>dk</strong> <strong>esa</strong> jkT; <strong>vkSj</strong> lekt 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&6 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ v/;;u 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&7 Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong> lkekftd vkanksyu <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

jktuhfr 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&8 Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong> jkT;ksa dh jktuhfr 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ&9 dukMk % jktuhfr <strong>vkSj</strong> lekt 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ-&10 'kksèk fucaèk ¼,sfPNd½ 8<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ-&11 vUrjjk"Vhª; {ks= <strong>esa</strong> ;wjksih; ;wfu;u 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ-&12 vkLVªsfy;k <strong>esa</strong> jkT; <strong>vkSj</strong> lekt 4<br />

,e-ih-,l-bZ-&13 vkLVªsfy;k dh fons'k uhfr 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&2 lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l & eqn~ns <strong>vkSj</strong> pqukSfr;k¡ 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh&8 HkweaMyhdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> i;kZoj.k 4<br />

2-1-16 yksd iz'kklu <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-ih-,-½<br />

jkT;] lekt <strong>vkSj</strong> iz'kklu dh izd`fr <strong>vkSj</strong> lacaèk ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> fo|kfFkZ;ksa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s O;kid Kku miyCèk djkuk yksd iz'kklu <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj<br />

<strong>mikf</strong>èk <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> eq[; mn~ns'; gSA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe fofHkUu iz'kklfud<br />

fl)karksa] vkèkkj&rRoksa] izfr:iksa] izfØ;kvksa] iz.kkfy;ksa midj.kksa] rduh<strong>dk</strong>sa<br />

vkfn ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>esa</strong> oSpkfjd {kerk fodflr djsxkA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk<br />

,e-ih-,- 64 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe gS ftl<strong>esa</strong> vfuok;Z ,oa oSdfYid<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 'kkfey gSaA v/;;u ds izFke ,oa f}rh; o"kZ ds fy,<br />

fuEufyf[kr ikB~;Øe miyCèk gSaA<br />

ikB~;Øe ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd vfuok;Z@ ØsfMV<br />

<strong>dk</strong>sM<br />

,sfPNd<br />

izFke o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-ih-,-&11 jkT;] lekt <strong>vkSj</strong> yksd vfuok;Z 8<br />

iz'kklu<br />

,e-ih-,-&12 iz'kklfud fl)kar vfuok;Z 8<br />

,e-ih-,-&13 yksd&iz.kkyh izcaèku vfuok;Z 8<br />

,e-ih-,-&14 ekuo lalkèku izcaèku vfuok;Z 8<br />

f}rh; o"kZ ds ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-ih-,-&15 yksd uhfr <strong>vkSj</strong> fo'ys"k.k vfuok;Z 8<br />

,e-ih-,-&16 fodsanzhdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> LFkkuh; vfuok;Z 8<br />

'kklu<br />

,e-ih-,-&17 bysDVªkWfud iz'kklu oSdfYid 4<br />

,e-ih-,-&18 vkink izcaèku oSdfYid 4<br />

,e-,l-vks-&2 'kksèk i)fr;k¡ rFkk fofèk;k¡ oSdfYid 8<br />

,e-ih-,l-&3 Hkkjr % yksdra= <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l oSdfYid 8<br />

,e-ih-,-ih-&2 ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z oSdfYid 8<br />

,sfPNd ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> p;u<br />

izFke o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> vki<strong>dk</strong>s 32 ØsfMV ds ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> v/;;u djuk<br />

gSA izFke o"kZ ds lHkh ikB~;Øe vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe gSaA nwljs o"kZ<br />

<strong>esa</strong> vki<strong>dk</strong>s 32 <strong>vkSj</strong> ØsfMV iwjs djus gSaA ,e-ih-,-&15 <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

,e-ih-,-&16 vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe gSaA bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j vki<strong>dk</strong>s<br />

,e-ih-,-&17 ¼4 ØsfMV½] ,e-ih-,-&18 ¼4 ØsfMV½] ,e-,l-vks-&2 ¼8<br />

ØsfMV½] ,e-ih-,l-&3 ¼8 ØsfMV½ <strong>vkSj</strong> ,e-ih-,-ih-&2 ¼8 ØsfMV½<br />

ikB~;Øeksa <strong>esa</strong> ls 16 ØsfMV ds oSdfYid ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> p;u djuk<br />

gSA<br />

ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>dk</strong> p;u djus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s 10]000 ls 15]000<br />

'kCnksa <strong>dk</strong> 'kksèk&fucaèk fy[kuk gksxkA ;g ikB~;Øe mu fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds<br />

fy, gS tks vkxs Hkh yksd iz'kklu <strong>dk</strong> v/;;u tkjh j[kuk pkgrs gSaA<br />

2-1-17 lekt'kkL= <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,l-vks-½<br />

lekt'kkL= <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh jpuk nwjLFk <strong>vkSj</strong> vxE; {ks=ksa ds<br />

fo|kfFkZ;ksa lfgr] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds O;kid lewg <strong>dk</strong>s mPp lekt'kkL=h;<br />

Kku] n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>S'ky iznku djus gsrq dh xbZ gSA bldh<br />

fo"k;oLrq <strong>esa</strong> izeq[k :i ls fl)karksa dh 'kkL=h; <strong>vkSj</strong> mPp ladYiukvksa]<br />

vuqlaèkku iz.kkfy;ksa <strong>vkSj</strong> ifjizs{;ksa] fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds lkekftd eqn~nksa] Hkkjr<br />

<strong>esa</strong> lekt'kkL= dh fLFkfr] f'k{kk] izokl] 'kgjhdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> le<strong>dk</strong>yhu<br />

lekt <strong>esa</strong> mHkjrs ljks<strong>dk</strong>jksa <strong>dk</strong>s lkeus ykus ds fy, tuleqnk; ds<br />

lcls cM+s Hkkx ds fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds eqn~nksa <strong>dk</strong>s dsUnz fcUnq cuk;k x;k gSA<br />

bl i`"BHkwfe ds lkFk bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mn~ns'; ,d vksj fo|kfFkZ;ksa<br />

dh vko';drk <strong>vkSj</strong> nwljh vksj bl fo"k; dh laKkukRed {kerk ij<br />

fopkj djrs gq, bl fo"k; ds mHkjrs gq, fofHkUu ljks<strong>dk</strong>jksa <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

lkeus ykuk gSA<br />

bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong> 25


l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> fuEufyf[kr ij /;ku dsafnzr fd;k x;k gSA<br />

l<br />

l<br />

l<br />

l<br />

l<br />

l<br />

bu izfØ;kvksa <strong>dk</strong>s le>us ds fy, lekt'kkL=h; fl)kar]<br />

ladYiuk,a <strong>vkSj</strong> i)fr;k¡<br />

lkekftd izfØ;k,a <strong>vkSj</strong> O;kolkfod {ks=h; rFkk LFkkuh; vHkh<br />

O;fDr ls muds varlaca/k<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>ldh izfØ;k <strong>esa</strong> 'kkfey eqn~ns<br />

Mk;l iksjk <strong>vkSj</strong> jk"Vªksifj leqnk;ksa dh lkekftd&lkaLd`frd<br />

xfr'khyrk<br />

/keZ <strong>vkSj</strong> lacaf/kr eqn~ns<br />

f'k{kk] 'kgjhdj.k] HkweaMyhdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j dh vU; lkekftd<br />

izfØ;k,a<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe vfuok;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> ,sfPNd ikB~;Øeksa lfgr 64 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong><br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe gSA fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s igys o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> 32 ØsfMV ds vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> nwljs o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> 32 ØsfMV ds 4 vU; ikB~;Øe ysus gksaxsA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

izFke o"kZ <strong>dk</strong>slZ ¼vfuok;Z½<br />

,e,lvks&1 lkekftd fl)kar ,oa ladYiuk,¡ 8<br />

,e,lvks&2 'kks/k i)fr ,oa izfof/k;k¡ 8<br />

,e,lvks&3 fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong> lekt'kkL= 8<br />

,e,lvks&4 Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong> lekt'kkL= 8<br />

f}rh; o"kZ <strong>dk</strong>slZ ¼lHkh ,sfPNd gSa½*<br />

,e,lvksbZ&1 f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> lekt'kkL= 8<br />

,e,lvksbZ&2 varjjk"Vªh; leqnk; <strong>vkSj</strong> Mk;liksjk 8<br />

,e,lvksbZ&3<br />

/keZ <strong>dk</strong> lekt'kkL=<br />

,e,lvksbZ&4 'kgjh lekt'kkL= 8<br />

,e,lvksbZ&26 fodsUnzhdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> LFkkuh; 'kklu 8<br />

,e,lvksbZ&3 Hkkjr % yksdra= <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l 8<br />

*fo|kFkhZ f}rh; o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> ,sfPNd <strong>esa</strong> ls 32 ØsfMV ds <strong>dk</strong>slZ pqu ldrs gSAA<br />

-1-18 euksfoKku <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- ¼,e-,-ih-lh-½<br />

euksfoKku <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,- <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe bXuw ds foKku fo|kihB }kjk<br />

iznku fd;k tk jgk gSA gky ds o"kks± <strong>esa</strong> euksfoKku dh <strong>mikf</strong>/k dh ekax<br />

c


,e ih lh bZ&24 ijke'kZ euksfoKku <strong>esa</strong> iz;ksx 6<br />

,e ih lh bZ&25 baVuZf'ki 6<br />

,e ih lh bZ&26 ifj;kstuk 6<br />

dqy ØsfMV 32<br />

lewg & x vkS|ksfxd <strong>vkSj</strong> laxBukRed euksfoKku<br />

,e ih lh bZ&031 laxBukRed O;ogkj (OB) 4<br />

,e ih lh bZ&032 ekuo lalk/ku fo<strong>dk</strong>l ¼,p vkj Mh½ 4<br />

,e ih lh bZ&033 laxBukRed fo<strong>dk</strong>l (OD) 4<br />

,e ih lh bZ&034 vkS|ksfxd <strong>vkSj</strong> laxBukRed<br />

euksfoKku <strong>esa</strong> iz;ksx 6<br />

,e ih lh bZ&035 baVuZf'ki 8<br />

,e ih lh bZ&036 ifj;kstuk 6<br />

dqy ØsfMV 32<br />

<strong><strong>2.</strong>1</strong>.19 ,e-,- ¼foLrkj ,oa fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u)<br />

(,e-,-bZ-Mh-,l-)<br />

;g ekWMqyj <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe foLrkj f'k{kk <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u ds<br />

la;qDr feJ.k ls rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA bl<strong>esa</strong> nks ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> 'kks/k fuca/k 'kkfey gSaA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe lHkh {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> foLrkj<br />

,oa fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Z ls tqM+s O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa ds lkFk&lkFk ,sls uo<br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sa ds fy, Hkh mi;ksxh gksxk tks foLrkj ,oa fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

O;olk;h ds :i <strong>esa</strong> viuh vkthfo<strong>dk</strong> vftZr djus <strong>esa</strong> bPNqd<br />

gSaA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds mn~ns';<br />

• foLrkj ,oa fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> O;kolkf;d {ks= <strong>esa</strong> ;ksX;<br />

ekuo lalk/ku <strong>dk</strong>s izf'kf{kr <strong>vkSj</strong> fodflr djukA<br />

• foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds fofHkUu igyqvksa ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> Kku<br />

iznku djukA<br />

• foLrkj ,oa fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa ds fu:i.k] <strong>dk</strong>;kZUo;u]<br />

vuqoh{k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> ewY;kadu ds fy, fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>esa</strong> vko';d<br />

O;kolkf;d <strong>dk</strong>S'ky <strong>dk</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l djukA<br />

l<br />

foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l eqn~nksa <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa ij izHkkoh<br />

vkdyu ,oa <strong>dk</strong>jZokbZ vuqla/kku v/;;u djukA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

,ebZMh,l&1 foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 4<br />

,ebZMh,l&2<br />

foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l dh xfr'khyrk<br />

,ebZMh,l&3 fo<strong>dk</strong>l dh leL;k,a <strong>vkSj</strong> eqn~ns 6<br />

,ebZMh,l&4 ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 4<br />

,ebZMh,l&5<br />

foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa dh ;kstuk<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> izca/ku<br />

,ebZMh,l&6 foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> 'kks/k fof/k;ka 6<br />

,ebZMh,l&7 ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 6<br />

,ebZMh,l&8<br />

,ebZMh,l&9<br />

foLrkj laizs"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds fy,<br />

uok/kkj ds volj 4<br />

Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l&mnkjhdj.k dh vof/k ls<br />

igys <strong>vkSj</strong> ckn <strong>esa</strong> 6<br />

,ebZMh,l&10 fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds fy, izf'k{k.k 4<br />

,ebZMh,l&11 LFkkuh; Lo&'kklu 4<br />

,ebZMh,lbZ&12 i;kZoj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l* 4<br />

,ebZMh,lbZ&13<br />

foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds fy,<br />

O;kogkfjd foKku* 4<br />

,ebZMh,lbZ&14 tsaMj ,oa fo<strong>dk</strong>l* 4<br />

,ebZMh,lbZ&15 ikfjokfjd LokLF; ns[kHkky f'k{kk* 4<br />

,ebZMh,lbZ&16 ijaijkxr Kku i)fr ,oa 4<br />

,ebZMh,lbZ&17 'kks/k fuca/k ¼vfuok;Z½ 10<br />

dqy ØsfMV 66<br />

# fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sRrj izek.k i=] ¼ikB~;Øe<br />

1&4½] foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sRrj fMIyksek] ¼ikB~;Øe<br />

1&7½ izkIr djus ds fy, Øe'k% 6 eghus <strong>vkSj</strong> 1 o"kZ ds ckn<br />

fu<strong>dk</strong>lh <strong>dk</strong> fodYi miyC/k gSaA<br />

* fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s ,d ,sfPNd ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> p;u djuk gksxkA<br />

bl le; dsoy ,e-bZ-Mh-,l-bZ- 15 gh miyC/kA<br />

<strong><strong>2.</strong>1</strong>.20 VÉåb® A´ÉÆ ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉºÉ +ÉvªÉªÉxÉ àÉå AàÉ.A.<br />

¼AàÉ.A.VÉÉÒ.bÉÒ.)<br />

ªÉc ekLVj BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ BÉEFÉÉ +ÉÉàÉxÉä-ºÉÉàÉxÉä ÉÊÉFÉhÉ |ÉhÉÉãÉÉÒ ºÉä<br />

|ÉnÉxÉ ÉÊBÉEªÉÉ VÉÉAMÉÉ* |ÉlÉàÉ ´É"ÉÇ BÉEÉ {ÉÉ~áɵÉEàÉ ºÉ{ÉEãÉiÉÉ{ÉÚ´ÉÇBÉE<br />

{ÉÚ®É BÉE®xÉä {É® ÉÊ´ÉtÉÉlÉÉÔ BÉEÉä BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ UÉä½xÉä BÉEÉ ÉÊ´ÉBÉEã{É |ÉÉ{iÉ<br />

cè +ÉÉè® =ºÉä VÉåb® A´ÉÆ ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉºÉ +ÉvªÉªÉxÉ àÉå Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ<br />

|ÉnÉxÉ ÉÊBÉEªÉÉ VÉÉAMÉÉ*<br />

ªÉc BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ ÉÊÉFÉBÉEÉå, ÉÉävÉBÉEiÉÉÇ+ÉÉäÆ, |ÉÉÊÉFÉBÉEÉå, {ÉEèÉʺÉÉÊãÉ]ä]®Éå,<br />

{ɪÉÇ´ÉäFÉBÉEÉå, VÉåb® A´ÉÆ ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉºÉ BÉEä FÉäjÉ àÉå BÉEɪÉÇ®iÉ ºÉÆMÉ~xÉÉå BÉEä<br />

º]É{ÉE, ºÉ®BÉEÉ®ÉÒ BÉEÉÉÌàÉBÉEÉå, ¤ÉéBÉE A´ÉÆ ÉÊ´ÉkÉÉÒªÉ ºÉƺlÉÉxÉÉå àÉå BÉEɪÉÇ®iÉ<br />

BªÉÉÎBÉDiɪÉÉå BÉEä ÉÊãÉA ={ɪÉÉäMÉÉÒ cè*<br />

àÉÉÊcãÉÉ+ÉÉäÆ A´ÉÆ {ÉÖâó"ÉÉå {É® ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉºÉ xÉÉÒÉÊiɪÉÉå +ÉÉè® BªÉ´ÉcÉ® BÉEÉ ÉÊ£ÉxxÉ<br />

|É£ÉÉ´É {ɽiÉÉ cè*


cè* +É¤É ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉºÉ |ÉÉʵÉEªÉÉ àÉå VÉåb® {ÉÉÊ®|ÉäFªÉ {É® vªÉÉxÉ näxÉä {É®<br />

+ÉÉÊvÉBÉE VÉÉä® ÉÊnªÉÉ VÉÉ ®cÉ cè*


AàÉVÉÉÒAºÉbZ-7 VÉåb®, ºÉÆMÉ~xÉ A´ÉÆ xÉäiÉßi´É 4<br />

AàÉVÉÉÒAºÉbZ-8 àÉÉÒÉÊbªÉÉ, +ÉÉ


<strong><strong>2.</strong>1</strong>.23 u`foKku ¼ekuo foKku½ <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,-<br />

¼,e-,-,-,u-½<br />

u`foKku ns’k<strong>dk</strong>y <strong>esa</strong> euq"; <strong>dk</strong> v/;;u gSA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ml fo"k;<br />

ij ,dhd`r mikxe ij vk/kkfjr gSa ftl<strong>esa</strong> HkkSfrd] lkekftd <strong>vkSj</strong>k<br />

iqjkrkfRod u`foKku ij iz<strong>dk</strong>’k Mkyk x;k gSA bl<strong>esa</strong> lS)kafrd <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

O;kogkfjd rduh<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong> iz;ksx djrs gq, ekuo foKku dh xgu<br />

le> ij tksj fn;k x;k gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong> mn~ns’; 'kSf{kd <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

vuqla/kku laLFkkuksa] xSj lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa] lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa] LokLF;<br />

{ks=ksa <strong>vkSj</strong> O;kogkfjd foKku ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> izf’kf{kr ekuo foKkfu;ksa dh<br />

vko’;drkuqlkj O;koLkkf;d l{kerk <strong>dk</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l djuk gSA<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong> eq[; y{; f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>esa</strong> ekuo’kkL=h; varn`f"VZ <strong>dk</strong><br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l djuk gS <strong>vkSj</strong> le> ls lcacaf/kr le<strong>dk</strong>yhu tSo lkekftd<br />

cnyko dh le> ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> ;g cM+h la[;k <strong>esa</strong> yksxksa dsk fo”k; <strong>dk</strong><br />

eeZ le>us ds fy, volj inku djrk gSA<br />

;g 64 dzsfMV] 8 ikB~;dzeksa <strong>dk</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze gSA bl<strong>esa</strong> 6 vfuok;Z <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

2 oSdfYid ikB~;dze gSaA 32 dzsfMV ds 4 ikB~;dze igys lky <strong>esa</strong><br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> 16 dszfMV ds nks ikB~;dze nwljs o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> gSa ftl<strong>esa</strong> {ks= vk/kkfjr<br />

vfuok;Z 'kks/; <strong>dk</strong>;Z Hkh 'kkfey gSA nwljs o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> ikap oSdfYid<br />

ikB~;dze miyC/k gSa] ftu<strong>esa</strong> ls vki 16 dzsfMV ds nks ikB~;dze ys<br />

ldrs gSaA<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd fl)kar dszfMV<br />

,e,,uvkbZ 1 u“foKku <strong>vkSj</strong> ,dhd`r 'kks/k<br />

izfof/k;k¡ ¼fl}kar o O;ogkj½ 8<br />

,e,,uvkbZ 2 HkkSfrd u`foKku ,dhd`r<br />

¼fl}kar o O;ogkj½ 8<br />

,e,,uvkbZ 1 Lkekftd u`foKku ¼fl}kar½ 8<br />

,e,,uih 1 {ks= <strong>dk</strong>;Z fuca/k ¼ifj;kstuk½ 8<br />

,e,,uvkbZ 3 Uk`foKku ,dhd`r vH;kl<br />

¼fl}kar o O;ogkj½ 8<br />

,e,,ubZ 1 g~;kweu tsusfVDl ¼,sfPNd½ 8<br />

,e,,ubZ 2 Ekkuo lao`f) ,oa fo<strong>dk</strong>l ¼,sfPNd½ 8<br />

,e,,ubZ 3 rqyukRed u`foKku ¼,sfPNd½ 8<br />

,e,,ubZ 4 tsaMj ,oa lektk ¼,sfPNd½ 8<br />

,e,,ubZ 5 i;kZoj.k u`foKku ¼,sfPNd½ 8<br />

<strong>2.</strong>2 Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

<strong><strong>2.</strong>1</strong>.1 i;ZVu v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> ch-,-<br />

¼ch-Vh-,l-½<br />

Ckh-Vh-,l- rhu o"kZ <strong>dk</strong> <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe gSA iwjk <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 96 ØsfMV<br />

<strong>dk</strong> gS <strong>vkSj</strong> fo|kFkhZ izR;sd o"kZ 32 ØsfMV ys ldrk gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

<strong>dk</strong>sM<br />

izFke o"kZ 32<br />

Vh-,l-&1 Ik;ZVu <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe 8<br />

30 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong><br />

Vh-,l-&2 Ik;ZVu fo<strong>dk</strong>l% mRikn] lapkyu <strong>vkSj</strong> 8<br />

fLFkfr v/;;u<br />

ch-,l-,p-,Q-&1 ekufodh <strong>vkSj</strong> lkekftd foKku <strong>esa</strong> 8<br />

vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-bZ-th-&1 vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe 4<br />

,Q-bZ-th-&2 vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe 4<br />

vFkok<br />

vk/kqfud Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk,a ¼fuEufyf[kr <strong>esa</strong> ls <strong>dk</strong>sbZ ,d½ 4<br />

,Q-bZ-th-&2 vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe&2<br />

,Q-,-,l&1 vlfe;k <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-ch-th-&1 cakXyk <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-th-Vh&1 xqtjkrh <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

ch-,p-Mh-,Q-&101 fgUnh <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-ds-Mh&1 dUuM+ <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-,e-,y&1 ey;kye <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-,e-Vh&1 ejkBh <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-vks-vkj&1 mfM+;k <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-ih-ch-&1 iatkch <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-Vh-,e-&1 rfey <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-Vh-th-&1 rsyqxq <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

,Q-;w-Mh-&1 mnwZ <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;Øe<br />

f}rh; o"kZ 32<br />

Vh-,l-&4 Hkkjrh; laLd`fr% Ik;ZVu ds ifjçs{; 8<br />

Vh-,l-&5 ikfjfLFkfrdh] Ik;kZoj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> Ik;ZVu 8<br />

,Q-,l-Vh-&1 foKku <strong>vkSj</strong> izkS|ksfxdh <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj<br />

ikB~;Øe 8<br />

ih-Vh-,l-&4 Hkkjrh; laLd`fr% Ik;ZVu ds ifjizs{;<br />

ih-Vh-,l-&5<br />

ij ifj;kstuk 4<br />

ikfjfLFkfrdh] Ik;kZoj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> Ik;ZVu<br />

ij ifj;kstuk 4<br />

r`rh; o"kZ 32<br />

Vh-,l-&3 Ik;ZVu <strong>esa</strong> izca/ku 8<br />

Vh-,l-&6 Ik;ZVu foi.ku 8<br />

Ikh-Vh-,l-&6 Ik;ZVu foi.ku ij ifj;kstuk 4<br />

fuEufyf[kr <strong>esa</strong> ls <strong>dk</strong>sbZ ,d ¼izR;sd 4 ØsfMV½<br />

ch-,p-Mh-,-&101 vFkok ,-,Q-MCY;w-¼bZ½ Qhpj ys[ku<br />

ch-vkj-ih-,-&101 vFkok ,-MCY;w-vkj-¼bZ½ jsfM;ks ds fy, ys[ku<br />

,-vks-,e-&1 <strong>dk</strong>;kZy; laxBu izca/ku<br />

,-,l-ih&1 lfpoh; <strong>dk</strong>;Zi)fr<br />

fuEufyf[kr <strong>esa</strong> ls <strong>dk</strong>sbZ ,d ¼izR;sd 8 ØsfMV½<br />

Vh-,l-&7 ekuo lalk/ku fo<strong>dk</strong>l ¼vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> miyC/k½<br />

,-,p-bZ&1 ekuo Ik;kZoj.k ¼2 ØsfMV dh ifj;kstuk<br />

lfgr½<br />

bZ-,p-vkbZ&1 vk/kqfud Hkkjr% 1857&1964<br />

bZ-,p-vkbZ&2 Hkkjr% vkfn<strong>dk</strong>y ls vkBoha 'krkCnh rd


Z-,p-vkbZ&3<br />

bZ-,p-vkbZ&4<br />

bZ-,l-vks-&15<br />

ch-bZ-th-bZ-&103<br />

Hkkjr% vkBoha 'krkCnh ls 15oha 'krkCnh rd<br />

Hkkjr% 16oha 'krkCnh ls 18oha 'krkCnh ds<br />

e/; rd<br />

lekt <strong>vkSj</strong> /keZ<br />

dE;wfuds'ku fLdYl bu baxfy'k<br />

2-2-2 daI;wVj vuqiz;ksx <strong>esa</strong> Lukrd ¼ch-lh-,-½<br />

bl ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong> mn~ns’; mu fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, daI;wVj ikB~;dzeksa<br />

<strong>esa</strong> izos’k <strong>dk</strong> ekxZ [kksyuk gS] ftUgksus 10+2 fd;k gS <strong>vkSj</strong> dSfj;j ds :i<br />

<strong>esa</strong> daI;wfVax ysus ds bPNqd gSaA bXuw ls Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k ¼chlh,½ izkIr<br />

djus ds ckn bXuw es ,e-lh-,- ;k vU; fo’ofo|ky;ksa@laLFkkuksa <strong>esa</strong><br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sRrj <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds fy, vkxs f’k{kk ds volj miyC/k gks ldrs<br />

gSaSAbl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong>s iwjk djus ij fo|kFkhZ lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh vFkok<br />

vkbZVhbZ,l <strong>esa</strong> izos’k Lrj <strong>dk</strong> jkstxkj izkIr dj ldrk gSA<br />

chlh, <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze dh lajpuk%<br />

lsesLVj ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd<br />

dszfMV<br />

I ,QbZth&2 vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;dze&2 4<br />

blhvksZ&1 O;kikj laxBu 4<br />

chlh,l&11 daI;wVj csflDl <strong>vkSj</strong> ihlh lkWQ~Vos;j 3<br />

chlh,l&12 xf.kr 4<br />

chlh,l,y&13 daI;wVj csflDl <strong>vkSj</strong> ihlh<br />

lkWQ~Vos;j ySc 2<br />

II bZlhvks&2 ys[kkdj.k 1 4<br />

,elh,l&11 leL;k lek/kku <strong>vkSj</strong> izksxzkfeax 3<br />

,elh,l&12 daI;wVj laxBu <strong>vkSj</strong> vlsEcyh<br />

ySaXost izksxzkfex 4<br />

,elh,l &15 daI;wfuds’ku fLdYl 2<br />

,elh,l&13 fMLdzhV xf.kr<br />

chlh,l,y&21 lh ySaXost izksxzkfeax ySc<br />

chlh,l,y&22 vlsEcyh ySaXost izksxzkfeax ySc<br />

III chlh,l,y&21 MsVk <strong>vkSj</strong> Qkby lajpuk,a 4<br />

,elh,l&23 MsVkcsl izca/ku flLVe ls ifjp; 3<br />

,elh,l &14 iz.kkyh fo’ys"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> fMtkbu 3<br />

,elh,l &31 C++ <strong>esa</strong> izksxzkfeax 3<br />

,elh,l &32 C+ izksxzkfeax ySc 1<br />

chlh,l,y&33 MsVk <strong>vkSj</strong> Qkby lajpuk ysc 4<br />

IV chlh,l&40 Mhch,e,l ySc 4<br />

ch-lh-,l-&40<br />

,elh,l&24<br />

Lkaf[;dh rduhd<br />

vkWCstsDV vksfj,UVsM izkS|ksfxdh <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

tkok izksxzkfeax 3<br />

chlh,l&41 daI;wVj usVodZ ds ewy rRo 4<br />

chlh,l&42 ,YxksfjFe fMtkbu <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 2<br />

chlh,l,y&16 baVjusV dh vo/kkj.kk <strong>vkSj</strong> osc fMtkbu 2<br />

chlh,l,y&4 Tkkok izksxzkfeax ySV 1<br />

chlh,l,y&44 Lkaf[;dh; rduhd ySc 1<br />

chlh,l,y&45 ,YxksfjFe fMtkbu ySc 1<br />

V chlh,l&51 lkWQ~Vos;j bathfu;fjax <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 3<br />

chlh,l&52 usVodZ izksxzkfeax <strong>vkSj</strong> iz’kklu 3<br />

chlh,l&53 osc izksxzkfeax 2<br />

chlh,l&54 daI;wVj mUeq[k la[;kRed rduh<strong>dk</strong>sa 3<br />

chlh,l&55 O;olk; lapkj 2<br />

chlh,l,y&56 usVodZ izksxzkfeax <strong>vkSj</strong> iz’kklu ySc 1<br />

chlh,l,y&57 osc izksxzkfeax ysc 1<br />

chlh,l,y&58 daI;wVj mUeq[k la[;kRed rduhd ySc 1<br />

VI chlh,l&62 bZ & okf.kT; 2<br />

,elh,l&22 vkWijsfVax flLVe vo/kkj.kk <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

usVofdaZx izca/ku 4<br />

chlh,l,y&63 vkWijsfVax flLVe vo/kkj.k <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

usVofdZax izca/ku ySc 1<br />

chlh,lih&64<br />

ifj;kstuk<br />

2-2-3 Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ¼ch-Mh-ih-½ &<br />

ch-,-@ch-,l-MCY;w-@ch-<strong>dk</strong>We-@ch-,l-lhfo’ofo|ky;<br />

fuEufyf[kr Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe miYC/k djkrk gS%<br />

1- ch--,- dyk Lukrd<br />

2- ch -<strong>dk</strong>We- okf.kT; Lukrd<br />

3- ch--,l-lh- foKku <strong>esa</strong> Lurkd <strong>mikf</strong>/k<br />

4- ch- ,l -MCY;w- lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> Lukrd<br />

d½ 1- chVh,l 2- ch-,- 3- ch- <strong>dk</strong>We 4- ch-,llh 5- ch-,l-MCY;w <strong>esa</strong><br />

izos’k nks /kkjkvksa ds ek/;e ls gS%(i) vukSipkfjd /kkjk] (ii) vkSipkfjd<br />

/kkjkA<br />

(i) vukSipkfjd /kkjk mu fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, gS ftUgksaus 10+2<br />

vFkok blds led{k ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ ugha dh gSA bXuw<br />

dh Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k izkjafHkd <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe (ch- ih- ih-) <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

lQyrkiwoZd iwjk djus ij bu fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s ch-,-@ch<strong>dk</strong>We@ch-,l-MCY;w-<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> izos'k fn;k tk,xkA<br />

(ii) vkSipkfjd /kkjk <strong>esa</strong> izos’k 10+2 ;k led{k ijh{kk<br />

mÙkh.kZ djus ij fn;k tkrk gSA<br />

ik=rk % ch-,l-lh- ds fy, foKku fo"k;ksa ds lkFk 10$2<br />

ÉÊ´É´ÉÉÊ´ÉtÉÉãÉªÉ ¤ÉÉÒ.A. / ¤ÉÉÒ.BÉEÉìàÉ. / ¤ÉÉÒ.AºÉºÉÉÒ.@ch-,l-MCY;w <strong>esa</strong> Lukrd<br />

={ÉÉÉÊvÉ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe iznku BÉE®iÉÉ cè* v/;;u <strong>dk</strong> ek/;e fgUnh vFkok<br />

vaxzsth gSA fo|kFkhZ de ls de 3 o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> <strong>vkSj</strong> vf/kdre 6 ´É"ÉÇ <strong>esa</strong><br />

Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong>s iwjk dj ldrk gSA<br />

ÉÊ´É´ÉÉÊ´ÉtÉÉãÉªÉ }kjk ØsfMV iz.kkyh <strong>dk</strong>s viuk;k x;k gSA ,d<br />

ØsfMV ls rkRi;Z 30 ?kaVs ds v/;;u ls gSA fo|kFkhZ rhu Jsf.k;ksa<br />

<strong>esa</strong> foHkkftr ikB~;Øeksa ds 96 ØsfMV iwjk djus ij ¤ÉÉÒ.A./ ¤ÉÉÒ.BÉEÉìàÉ./<br />

¤ÉÉÒ.AºÉ.ºÉÉÒ.@ch-,l-MCY;w ={ÉÉÉÊvÉ ds ik= gksaxsA bu rhu Jsf.k;ksa]<br />

(i) vk/kkj ikB~;Øe] (ii) ,sfPNd ikB~;Øeksa <strong>vkSj</strong> (iii) O;ogkjewyd<br />

ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> fooj.k bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j gS:<br />

BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ +ÉÉvÉÉ® AäÉÎSUBÉE BªÉ´ÉcÉ®àÉÚãÉBÉE<br />

ikB~;Øe {ÉÉ~áɵÉEàÉ ikB~;Øe<br />

¤ÉÉÒ.A. 24 µÉEäÉÊb] 56 µÉEäÉÊb] ºÉä 8 ºÉä<br />

64 µÉEäÉÊb] 16 µÉEäÉÊb]<br />

¤ÉÉÒ.BÉEÉWàÉ. 24 µÉEäÉÊb] 56 µÉEäÉÊb] ºÉä 8 ºÉä<br />

64 µÉEäÉÊb] 16 µÉEäÉÊb]<br />

(okf.kT; ºÉä<br />

bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong> 31


48 µÉEäÉÊb]<br />

ºÉä BÉEàÉ xÉcÉÓ )<br />

¤ÉÉÒ.AºÉºÉÉÒ. 24 µÉEäÉÊb] 56 µÉEäÉÊb] ºÉä 8 ºÉä<br />

64 µÉEäÉÊb] 16 µÉEäÉÊb]<br />

(£ÉÉèÉÊiÉBÉEÉÒ,<br />

®ºÉɪÉxÉ ÉɺjÉ<br />

,oa<br />

VÉÉÒ´É ÉÊ´ÉYÉÉxÉ<br />

àÉå BÉÖEãÉ µÉEäÉÊb]ksa<br />

BÉEÉ BÉEàÉ ºÉä BÉEàÉ<br />

25 i zfr ' kr<br />

iz;ksx'kkyk<br />

ikB~;Øe gksuk<br />

pkfg,A)<br />

ch-,l-MCY;w- 24 ØsfMV 72 ØsfMV 96<br />

bu ikB~;Øeksa ds vfrfjDr lHkh Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa ds<br />

fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s i;kZoj.k <strong>esa</strong> tkx#drk ikB~;Øe ysuk gksxkA bl<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> uke ^^i;kZoj.k ls ifjp;** (,u-bZ-oh-&001½ gSA bl<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> mís'; orZeku i;kZoj.k laca/kh ljks<strong>dk</strong>j <strong>vkSj</strong> eqn~nksa ds<br />

ckjs <strong>esa</strong> fo|kFkhZ dh le> <strong>esa</strong> lq/kkj ykuk <strong>vkSj</strong> Kku <strong>esa</strong> o`f) djuk ,oa<br />

i;kZoj.k lacaèkh fofHkUu leL;kvksa <strong>dk</strong> izca/k djuk gSA bl ikB~;Øe<br />

dh ijh{kk ugha gksxhA<br />

mi;qZDr ØsfMV iz.kkyh ls fHkUu gksus ds <strong>dk</strong>j.k fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds<br />

fy, ubZ gS] ysfdu fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s blls Hkzfed gksus dh vko';drk ugha<br />

gSA izR;sd pj.k <strong>esa</strong> vki mi;qZDr rhu Jsf.k;ksa ds varxZr miyC/k<br />

fo"k;ksa ds fofHkUu ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> p;u dus ds laca/k <strong>esa</strong> Li"V <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

fofufnZ"V ekxZn'kZu izkIr djksaxsA fQj Hkh] vki<strong>dk</strong>s miyC/k fofHkUu<br />

ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> p;u djus ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> ifjfpr djkus ds fy, Js.khokn<br />

iwjk fooj.k uhps fn;k x;k gSA<br />

<strong>2.</strong><strong>2.</strong>3.1 +ÉÉvÉÉ® {ÉÉ~~ªÉµÉEàÉ - ¤ÉÉÒ.A./ ¤ÉÉÒ.BÉEÉWàÉ./¤ÉÉÒ.AºÉºÉÉÒ.@<br />

ch-,l-MCY;w- lHkh BÉEä ÉÊãÉA ºÉÉàÉÉxªÉ<br />

[+ÉÉÊxÉ´ÉɪÉÇ : 24 µÉEäÉÊb] (izFke o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> 16 µÉEäÉÊb] o f}rh; o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> 8<br />

µÉEäÉÊb])]<br />

ÉÊxÉàxÉÉÊãÉÉÊJÉiÉ +ÉÉvÉÉ® {ÉÉ~áɵÉEàÉ gSa] tks +ÉÉÊxÉ´ÉɪÉÇ cé :<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

ch-,l-,p-,Q.-101 àÉÉxÉÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉÒ +ÉÉè® ºÉÉàÉÉÉÊVÉBÉE 8<br />

ÉÊ´ÉYÉÉxÉ àÉå +ÉÉvÉÉ® {ÉÉ~ªɵÉEàÉ<br />

A{ÉE.AºÉ.]ÉÒ.-1 ÉÊ´ÉYÉÉxÉ +ÉÉè® |ÉÉè|ksÉÊMÉBÉEÉÒ àÉå 8<br />

+ÉÉvÉÉ® {ÉÉ~áɵÉEàÉ<br />

A{ÉE.


EEG-6 Understanding Poetry 8<br />

BEGE-107 Understanding Drama 8<br />

BEGE-108 Reading the Novel 8<br />

mnwZ<br />

ch;w,ybZ&1 mnwZ Hkk"kk <strong>dk</strong> bfrgkl 8<br />

ch;w,ybZ&2 mnwZ lkfgR; <strong>dk</strong> bfrgkl 8<br />

®ÉVÉxÉÉÒÉÊiÉ ÉÊ´ÉYÉÉxÉ<br />

bZ-ih-,l-&11 jktuhfrd fopkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fopkj/kkjk,¡ 8<br />

bZ-ih-,l-&12 Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong> lj<strong>dk</strong>j <strong>vkSj</strong> jktuhfr 8<br />


ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ch-ih-lh-&1 lkekU; euksfoKku ,d lkFk ysus gSa 4<br />

ºÉàÉÉVÉ BÉEɪÉÇ (¤ÉÉÒ.AºÉ.b¤ãªÉÚ.)<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-bZ--1 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 8<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-,y--1 * iz;ksxkRed lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z - ¼iz;ksx½I 8<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-bZ-&2 O;fDr <strong>vkSj</strong> lewg ds lkFk 8<br />

lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z var%{ksi<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-,y-&2 * lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z - ¼iz;ksx½II 8<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-bZ- &3 leqnk; <strong>vkSj</strong> laLFkkvksa ds 8<br />

lkFk lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z var%{ksi<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-,y-&3 * lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z - ¼iz;ksx½III 8<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-bZ- &4 ikfjokfjd f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 8<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-bZ- &5 ,p-vkbZ-oh@,M~l <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 8<br />

Ckh-,l-MCY;w-bZ- &6 eknd nzO; nq:i;ksx <strong>vkSj</strong> ijke'kZ 8<br />

*<br />

;s ikB~;Øe ch-,l-MCY;w- ds Øe'k% izFke] f}rh; <strong>vkSj</strong> r`rh; o"kZ<br />

ds izk;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;Z gSaA nwljs o"kZ ds izk;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;ksZa <strong>esa</strong> cSBus ls iwoZ]<br />

izFke o"kZ ds izk;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;ksZa <strong>dk</strong>s lQyrkiwoZd iwjk djuk vfuok;Z<br />

gSA blh rjg] r`rh; o"kZ ds izk;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;ksZa <strong>dk</strong>s nsus ds fy, f}rh;<br />

o"kZ ds izk;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;ksZa <strong>dk</strong>s lQyrkiwoZd iwjk djuk vfuok;Z gSA<br />

OÉÉàÉ ÉÊ´ÉBÉEɺÉ<br />

**<br />


®ºÉɪÉxÉ ÉÊ´ÉYÉÉxÉ<br />

ºÉÉÒ.ASÉ.


ºÉÉÒ.]ÉÒ.


ºÉàÉÚc-1<br />

ºÉàÉÚc-2<br />

ºÉàÉÚc-3<br />

ºÉàÉÚc-4<br />

ºÉàÉÚc-5<br />

ºÉàÉÚc-6<br />

ch-bZ-th-


mi;qZDr iÉÉÉÊãÉBÉEÉ BÉEä +ÉxÉÖºÉÉ®, +ÉvªÉªÉxÉ BÉEä |ÉlÉàÉ ´É"ÉÇ àÉå +ÉÉ{ÉBÉEÉä<br />

+ÉÉvÉÉ® ikB~;Øeksa (,Q-AºÉ.]ÉÒ.-1, A{ÉE.


ÉÊ´É"k; BÉEÖãÉ µÉEäÉÊb] AäÉÎSUBÉE {ÉÉ~~áɵÉEàÉ<br />

´Éxɺ{ÉÉÊiÉ ÉÊ´ÉYÉÉxÉ 48 AãÉ.AºÉ.


¤ÉÉÒ.AãÉ.vkbZ-AºÉ.-5 ºÉÆn£ÉÇ +ÉÉè® ºÉÚSÉxÉÉ »ÉÉäiÉ 4<br />

¤ÉÉÒ.AãÉ.vkbZ-AºÉ.-6 ºÉÚSÉxÉÉ ºÉä´ÉÉAÄ 4<br />

¤ÉÉÒ.AãÉ.vkbZ-AºÉ.-7 ºÉÚSÉxÉÉ |ÉÉètÉÉäÉÊMÉBÉEÉÒ : àÉÚãÉ ÉʺÉrÉÆiÉ 4<br />

dqy 36<br />

<strong>2.</strong><strong>2.</strong>5 Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k izkjfEHkd <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

¼ch-ih-ih-½<br />

ch-,-@ch-<strong>dk</strong>We ch-,l-MCY;w@ch-Vh-,l- ds fy, vukSipkfjd<br />

i)fr<br />

fo'ofo|ky; }kjk Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k izkjafHkd <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe mu fo|kfFkZ;ksa<br />

ds fy, miyC/k djk;k x;k gS tks bXuw ls Lukrd dh <strong>mikf</strong>/k<br />

vftZr djuk pkgrs gSa ijarq 10$2 ikl ugha gSA bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j ds<br />

vgZrk izek.ki= ds vHkko <strong>esa</strong> ;s fo|kFkhZ mPprj f'k{kk ls oafpr jg<br />

tkrs gSaA bl Js.kh ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s mPprj f'k{kk xzg.k djus ds<br />

fy, bXuw us ;g izkjafHkd <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe rS;kj fd;k gS ysfdu ;g 10$2<br />

ds lerqY; ugha gSA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe vaxzsth] fganh] mfM+;k] rfey]<br />

caxkyh] ejkBh] rsyqxw] ey;kye] xqtjkrh Hkk"kk <strong>esa</strong> Hkh miyC/k gSA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk<br />

Lukrd <strong>mikf</strong>/k izkjafHkd <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> fuEufyf[kr rhu ikB~;Øe<br />

gSA fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s bu ikB~;Øeksa <strong>esa</strong> ls fdUgha nks <strong>dk</strong>s pquuk gS %<br />

i) lkekU; xf.kr <strong>esa</strong> izkjfEHkd ikB~;Øe & vks,eVh&101<br />

ii) lkekftd foKku <strong>esa</strong> izkjfEHkd ikB~;Øe & vks,l,l&101<br />

iii) okf.kT; <strong>esa</strong> izkjfEHkd ikB~;Øe & ihlhvks&1<br />

<strong>2.</strong>3 fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

2-3-1 lgHkkxh fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> mPp fMIyksek<br />

¼,-Mh-ih-Mh-½<br />

lekos'kh ,oa lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l] lgHkkxh fo<strong>dk</strong>l jk"Vªh; <strong>vkSj</strong> varjjk"Vªh;<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l O;ogkj ,oa :i <strong>esa</strong> lqxe cukuk ifjppkZ dh lqxe cusxsaA<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l {ks= <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Zjr yksxksa <strong>dk</strong>s iapk;r <strong>vkSj</strong> uxj ikfy<strong>dk</strong>vksa tSls<br />

laoS/kkfud fu<strong>dk</strong>;ksa dh ubZ okLrfodrkvksa ij /;ku nsus ds lkFk&lkFk<br />

vkfnoklh] nfyrksa <strong>vkSj</strong> efgykvksa dh fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>vkSj</strong> ifj;kstukvksa<br />

<strong>esa</strong> Hkkxhnkjh <strong>dk</strong>s cuk 6<br />

,eMh,l&2 fo<strong>dk</strong>l uhfr;k¡ <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 6<br />

,eMh,l&3 yksdrkaf=d 'kklu <strong>vkSj</strong> ukxfjd lekt 6<br />

,eMh,l&4 fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> lgHkkfxrk <strong>dk</strong>s lqfuf'pr djuk 6<br />

,eMh,l&5 lgHkkxh ifj;kstuk izca/ku 6<br />

,eMh,l&6 {ks= <strong>dk</strong>;Z 6<br />

,eMh,l&7<br />

,eMh,l&8<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l laxBuksa <strong>dk</strong> <strong>dk</strong>uwuh ,oa<br />

fofu;ked


ifjd`r djkus dh t:jr gS ftUgksaus xjhcksa <strong>vkSj</strong> lhekUrh yksxksa <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

l'kDr djus <strong>esa</strong> Hkwfe<strong>dk</strong> vnk dh gSA efgykvksa <strong>dk</strong> jktuhfrd :i<br />

ls l'kDrhdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k jkstxkj xkjaVh&;kstuk<br />

¼,uvkjbZth,l½ <strong>vkSj</strong> lwpuk vf/k<strong>dk</strong>jh vf/kfu;e ¼vkj-Vh-vkbZ½ tSls<br />

lj<strong>dk</strong>jh gLr{ksi bl<strong>esa</strong> 'kkfey gSA<br />

blds vfrfjDr fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Z lwph us {ks= vk/kkfjr fo<strong>dk</strong>l gLr{ksi<br />

ds izca/ku ds fy, izf'kf{kr <strong>dk</strong>;Zcy dh ekax <strong>dk</strong> fuekZ.k fn;k gSA<br />

vusd lj<strong>dk</strong>jh ,tsfl;ka jk"Vªh; varjjk"Vªh; <strong>esa</strong> nkunkrkvksa ds<br />

lkFk&lkFk <strong>dk</strong>jiksjsV Hkh pqukSrhiw.kZ {ks= ds nkf;Roksa <strong>dk</strong>s iwjk djus ds<br />

fy, fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Zdrkvksa dh HkrhZ dj jgs gS ftlls ;g lqfuf'pr<br />

fd;k tk lds fd mUgsa bl rjg ls <strong>dk</strong>;ZfUor fn;k tk jgk gS ftlls<br />

LFkkuh; leqnk; dh lgHkkfxrk <strong>vkSj</strong> LokfeRo gSA fo<strong>dk</strong>l laxBuksa ds<br />

izca/ku ls lacaf/kr eqn~nksa <strong>dk</strong>s rjthg nh tk jgh gS ftlls fo<strong>dk</strong>l {ks=<br />

ds fy, O;olkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong>s lqn`uk 6<br />

,eMh,l&2 fo<strong>dk</strong>l uhfr;k¡ <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 6<br />

,eMh,l&3<br />

,eMh,l&4<br />

yksdrkaf=d 'kklu <strong>vkSj</strong> ukxfjd<br />

lekt 6<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> lgHkkfxrk <strong>dk</strong>s lqfuf'pr<br />

djuk 6<br />

,eMh,l&5 lgHkkxh ifj;kstuk izca/ku 6<br />

,eMh,l,y&6 {ks= <strong>dk</strong>;Z 6<br />

dqy ØsfMV 36<br />

2-3-3 iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; usVofd±x <strong>vkSj</strong> vkWVkses'ku <strong>esa</strong><br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek ¼ih-th-Mh-,y-,-,u-½<br />

iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; vkWVkses'ku <strong>vkSj</strong> usVofd±x <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong> mís';<br />

gS] vkWVkses'ku <strong>vkSj</strong> usVodZ;qDr ifjos'k <strong>esa</strong> iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; <strong>vkSj</strong> lwpuk<br />

O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa dh O;kolkf;d {kerkvksa <strong>dk</strong>s fodflr djukA bl<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe }kjk fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s vius izkS|ksfxdh; <strong>dk</strong>S'kyksa dh o`f) ds<br />

fy, xgu iz;ksxkRed volj izkIr gksaxs ftuls os fdlh daI;wVj;qDr<br />

iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; <strong>dk</strong>s vkRefuHkZjrkiwoZd fodflr <strong>vkSj</strong> izcafèkr dj ldsaxsA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds mís';<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds mn~s'; gSa %<br />

• daI;wVj izks|ksfxdh ds ewyHkwr rRoksa ls lacafèkr <strong>dk</strong>S'kyksa <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

tku<strong>dk</strong>jh <strong>dk</strong>s vkRelkr~ djukA<br />

• vkWVkses'ku;qDr iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; }kjk iznku dh tkus okyh lsokvksa<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; vkWVkses'ku dh ewy vko';drkvksa <strong>dk</strong>s le>ukA<br />

• f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s lwpuk iz.kkyh ds ?kV<strong>dk</strong>sa ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> tku<strong>dk</strong>jh<br />

nsukA<br />

• usVofd±x <strong>vkSj</strong> baVjusV izkS|ksfxdh ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> lkekU; :i ls<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; rFkk lwpuk usVodZ <strong>esa</strong> fof'k"V :i ls tku<strong>dk</strong>jh<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>S'ky vftZr djukA<br />

• fofHkUu :iksa <strong>vkSj</strong> fofèk;ksa <strong>esa</strong> baVjusV ij miyCèk lwpuk<br />

lalkèkuksa ds fof'k"V lanHkZ lfgr] <strong>dk</strong>S'ky fodflr djukA<br />

• osc&lkfèkr fo"k;oLrq fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>S'kyksa <strong>dk</strong>s fodflr djukA<br />

• f'k{kkFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s blls lacafèkr <strong>dk</strong>uwuh eqíksa ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> tkx:d<br />

cukukA<br />

• tkok] fotqvy csfld <strong>vkSj</strong> lh ++ tSlh fof'k"V Hkk"kkvkas ij<br />

vkèkkfjr izksxzkfeax ij <strong>dk</strong>S'kyksa dh o`f) djuk <strong>vkSj</strong> tku<strong>dk</strong>jh<br />

iznku djuk] ,oa<br />

• iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; vkWVkses'ku <strong>vkSj</strong> usVofd±x <strong>esa</strong> fdlh egÙoiw.kZ {ks=<br />

<strong>esa</strong> fof'k"Vrk izkIr djus ds fy, iz;ksx vkèkkfjr ifj;kstuk<br />

izkjaHk djukA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe lajpuk<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> lS)kafrd <strong>vkSj</strong> O;kogkfjd ?kV<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong> foosdiw.kZ esy<br />

gS rkfd iqLr<strong>dk</strong>y; ,oa lwpuk O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>esa</strong> izkS|ksfxdh vkèkkfjr<br />

Kku] <strong>dk</strong>S'ky <strong>vkSj</strong> ;ksX;rk fodflr dh tk ldsA <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong><br />

fuEufyf[kr ikB~;Øe 'kkfey gSaA<br />

ikBÓØe ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

d¨M<br />

MLI – 1 IntroductiontoComputers 4<br />

MLIL1 – Practical<br />

MLI – 2 LibraryAutomation 4<br />

MLIL2 – Practical<br />

MLI – 3 InformationSystem 4<br />

MLIL3 – Practical<br />

MLI – 4 NetworkingandInternetTechnology 4<br />

MLIL4 – Practical<br />

MLI – 5 InternetResources 4<br />

MLIL5 – Practical<br />

MLI – 6 Content Development 4<br />

MLIL6 – Practical<br />

MLI – 7 Programing 4<br />

MLIL7 – Practical<br />

MLIP8 – Project 4<br />

bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong> 41


2-3-4 vkink izcaèku <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek<br />

¼ih-th-Mh-Mh-,e-½<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds izeq[k mís'; gSa%<br />

• fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s vkink rS;kjh] iz'keu <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl ds lacaèk <strong>esa</strong><br />

O;kid tku<strong>dk</strong>jh iznku djukA<br />

• fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s [krjs <strong>dk</strong> ewY;kadu <strong>vkSj</strong> laosnu'khyrk fo'ys"k.k<br />

djus ;ksX; cukukA<br />

• leqnk; ds çfr tkx:drk iSnk djuk <strong>vkSj</strong> vkink izcaèku <strong>esa</strong><br />

leqnk; laxBu <strong>vkSj</strong> lgHkkfxrk ds fy, laLFkkxr fØ;kfofèk<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s etcwr djukA<br />

• vkink rS;kjh ds fy, laçs"k.k n{krk fodflr djukA<br />

• fofHkUu vkikr<strong>dk</strong>yhu fLFkfr;ksa <strong>esa</strong> izHkkoh vkink vuqfØ;k ds<br />

lacaèk <strong>esa</strong> tkx:drk mRiUu djukA<br />

• vkikr<strong>dk</strong>yhu fpfdRlk t:jrksa <strong>dk</strong>s iwjk djus ds fy, fo|kfFkZ;ksa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s lk/kuksa dh tku<strong>dk</strong>jh nsukA<br />

• fyax&laosnh vkink izcaèku mikxe <strong>dk</strong>s 'kkfey djuk ,oa<br />

• çÒkoh vkink çcaèku ds fy, lj<strong>dk</strong>jh vfèk<strong>dk</strong>fj;ksa] Loa;lsoh<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZvksa] fo<strong>dk</strong>l O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>vkSj</strong> pqus x, izfrfufèk;ksa ds<br />

fo|eku <strong>dk</strong>S'kyksa <strong>dk</strong>s v©j n{k cukuk <strong>vkSj</strong> u, <strong>dk</strong>S'ky lfEefyr<br />

djukA<br />

y{; lewg%<br />

ihthMhMh ,e fuEufyf[kr y{; lewgksa <strong>dk</strong>s /;ku <strong>esa</strong> j[kdj rS;kj<br />

fd;k x;k gSA<br />

• lj<strong>dk</strong>jh <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ<br />

• xSj&lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa ds <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ <strong>vkSj</strong> Lo;alsoh<br />

• lsuk] v)ZlSfud cy] iqfyl] gkse xkMZ] flfoy j{kk <strong>dk</strong>feZd<br />

• Hkw&foKkuh] oSKkfud] ekSle&foKkuh] bathfu;j] iz'kkld<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> vU; lj<strong>dk</strong>jh rFkk lkoZtfud miØe ds vfèk<strong>dk</strong>jh<br />

• xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ] izkFkfed LokLF; dsUnz <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ]<br />

jkgr <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ] lkekftd <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ] i;kZoj.kfon~ vkfn<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe lajpuk<br />

• ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 32 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gS v©j blds n¨ ÄVd gSa<br />

d½ ikB~îØe <strong>vkSj</strong> [k½ ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

• pkj ØsfMV okys fuEufyf[kr vkB ikB;Øe fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds<br />

fy, miyCèk gksaxs%<br />

ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

,e-ih-,-&1 izkÑfrd vkinkvkas <strong>dk</strong>s le>uk 4<br />

,e-ih-,-&2 ekuo&fufeZr vkinkvksa <strong>dk</strong>s le>uk 4<br />

,e-ih-,-&3 [krjs <strong>dk</strong> fuèkkZj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> 4<br />

laosnu'khyrk fo'ys"k.k<br />

,e-ih-,-&4 vkink rS;kjh 4<br />

,e-ih-,-&5 vkink izR;qÙkj 4<br />

,e-ih-,-&6 vkink vkS"kfèk 4<br />

,e-ih-,-&7 iquokZl] iqufuZekZ.k <strong>vkSj</strong> iquykZHk 4<br />

,e-ih-,-ih-&1 ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 4<br />

vFkok<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&4* lgHkkxh izcaèk dh vksj<br />

dqy 32<br />

*;g ikB~;Øe dsoy vaxzsth eas gSA<br />

2-3-5 foLFkkiu] iqu%LFkkiu <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl ds lgHkkxh<br />

izcaèku <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek<br />

¼ih-th-Mh-,e-vkj-vkj-½<br />

foLFkkiu] iqu%LFkkiu <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl ds lgHkkxh izcaèku <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj<br />

fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe fo'o cSad <strong>vkSj</strong> bfUnjk xk¡èkh jk"Vªh; eqDr fo'ofo|ky;<br />

<strong>dk</strong> ,d vxzy{kh izkjafHkd iz;kl gSA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe foLFkkiu ds eqíksa<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> ljks<strong>dk</strong>jksa <strong>dk</strong>s izcafèkr djus dh lgHkkxh fofèk;ksa <strong>esa</strong> iqu%LFkkiu<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl vfèk<strong>dk</strong>fj;ksa] {ks= LVkQ] MsLd LVkQ <strong>vkSj</strong> rduhdh<br />

fo'ks"kKksa ds <strong>dk</strong>S'ky fuekZ.k <strong>vkSj</strong> mu O;fDr;ksa ds larks"ktud<br />

iqu%LFkkiu <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl ds fy, <strong>dk</strong>e djus gsrq gS tks fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

ifj;kstukvksa }kjk foLFkkfir gks tkrs gSaA<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe mu yksxksa ds fy, mi;ksxh gS tks lj<strong>dk</strong>j dh fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

ifj;kstukvksa ds iqu%LFkkiu <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl izHkkxksa <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Zjr gSa <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

tks futh ¼izkbosV½ lsDVj <strong>esa</strong> ifj;kstuk vfèk<strong>dk</strong>jh] rduhdh fo'ks"kK]<br />

{ks= LVkQ ;k MsLd LVkQ <strong>vkSj</strong> xSj lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa ds lkFk <strong>dk</strong>e<br />

dj jgs gSaA fo<strong>dk</strong>l ifj;kstukvksa }kjk foLFkkfir O;fDr;ksa ds iqu%LFkkiu<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl <strong>esa</strong> layXu vU; vfHkdj.kksa <strong>vkSj</strong> vkS|ksfxd laLFkkuksa ds<br />

fy, Hkh ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe mi;ksxh gSA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mn~ns'; f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s fuEufyf[kr ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> vfHkfoU;kl<br />

iznku djuk gS%<br />

• foLFkkiu <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl ds <strong>dk</strong>j.k fo<strong>dk</strong>l lanHkZ<br />

• iqu%LFkkiu <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl ds fy, lgHkkxh fu;kstu dh uhfr<br />

cukukA<br />

• iquLFkkZiuk <strong>vkSj</strong> iquokZl ds lgHkkxh <strong>dk</strong>;kZUo;u <strong>vkSj</strong> vuqoh{k.k<br />

<strong>esa</strong> o`f) djukA<br />

• vkj ,saM vkj ds v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> lS)kafrd ifjizs{; <strong>dk</strong>s le>ukA<br />

• cukbZ xbZ fo<strong>dk</strong>l ifj;kstukvksa ls lh[kukA<br />

• vkj ,asM vkj izfØ;k ds fofHkUu pj.kksa ds fy, fof'k"Vhd`r<br />

Kku iznku djukA<br />

• ,dy {ks= <strong>dk</strong>;Z vk/kkfjr ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z fjiksVZ rS;kj djuk]<br />

tks fo<strong>dk</strong>l ifj;kstuk <strong>esa</strong> izfØ;kvksa dh fo'ks"k xfrfof/k;ksa ds<br />

lkFk v/;kiu <strong>dk</strong>s ,dhd`r djsaA<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> X;kjg ikB~;Øe 'kkfey gSa] ftudh lwph uhps nh<br />

xbZ gS %<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

MRR-101<br />

MRR-102<br />

MRR-103<br />

MRR-104<br />

MRR-5<br />

Understanding Development-<br />

Caused Displacement 4<br />

Role of Participation in<br />

Sustainable Development 4<br />

Participatory Planning of<br />

Resettlement and<br />

Rehabilitation 4<br />

Participatory Implementation<br />

and Monitoring of<br />

Resettlement<br />

and Rehabilitation 4<br />

Theoretical Perspectives<br />

on R&R 4<br />

42 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong>


MRR-6<br />

Illustrative R&R Case<br />

Studies from Different<br />

Development Sectors 4<br />

MRRE-7*<br />

Economic Planning of<br />

R&R and Implementation 4<br />

MRRE-8*<br />

Socio-Cultural and<br />

Infrastructural Planning<br />

and Relocation 4<br />

MRRE-9* Economic Rehabilitation of PAPs 4<br />

MRRE-10* Monitoring and Evaluation<br />

of R&R 4<br />

MRRP-11<br />

Project Work to be completedby<br />

the learners 4<br />

uksV % * ;g oSdfYid ikB~;Øeksa <strong>dk</strong> lwpd gSA fo|kFkhZ ls ;g vis{kk<br />

dh tkrh gS fd og bu pkj ikB~;Øeksa <strong>esa</strong> ls fdlh ,d <strong>dk</strong> p;u<br />

djds fdlh ,d fo"k; <strong>esa</strong> fo'ks"kKrk izkIr djsA vU; lHkh ikB~;Øe<br />

vfuok;Z gSaA vkWu ykbu izos'k ds fy, wwwi . gnouonl i ne. ac. i n/<br />

pgdmr r<br />

ns[ksaA<br />

2-3-6 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek<br />

¼ih-th-Mh-vkj-Mh-½<br />

xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek xzke lekt ds ifjorZu <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

izHkkfor djus okys lkekftd&vkfFkZd <strong>dk</strong>j<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong> O;kid Kku iznku<br />

djrk gSA fo"k;oLrq <strong>dk</strong>s f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds egRoiw.kZ<br />

vk;ke ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> lEiw.kZ tku<strong>dk</strong>jh nsus ds fy, rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA<br />

bl<strong>dk</strong> mís'; f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l ifj;kstukvksa <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa<br />

dh ;kstuk] izfriknu] ekWuhVfjax <strong>vkSj</strong> ewY;kadu ls lacafèkr n{krk<br />

izkIr djus <strong>esa</strong> l{ke cukuk gSA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe Hkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

vuqlaèkku <strong>vkSj</strong> ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z ds cqfu;knh igyqvksa <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; nsrk<br />

gSA ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z vius f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s mu xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l leL;kvksa<br />

<strong>dk</strong> v/;;u djus <strong>dk</strong> volj iznku djrk gS] ftlls os xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

<strong>esa</strong> vuqlaèkku <strong>dk</strong>;Z vkjEHk djus ds fy, vko';d n{krk fodflr dj<br />

ldsaxsA fMIyksek djus okys ,sls Nk= tks xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> ,e-,-<br />

djuk pkgrs gSa] fMIyksek ds ikB~;Øeksa ds ØsfMV gLrkarj.k izkIr<br />

dj ldrs gSa ¼vkj-Mh-Mh- ds vfrfjDr½A<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> fuEufyf[kr ikB~;Øe gSa%<br />

ikB~îØe ikB~îØe ØsfMV iwjk djus<br />

<strong>dk</strong>sM <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ds fy,<br />

visf{kr<br />

ØsfMV<br />

d½ vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-&101 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l %<br />

Hkkjr ds lanHkZ <strong>esa</strong> 6 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-&102 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 6 6<br />

,e-vkj-Mh-&103 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l %<br />

;kstuk v©j çcaèk 6 6<br />

[k½<br />

,sfPNd ikB~îØe ¼fuEufyf[kr<br />

<strong>esa</strong> ls fdlh ,d <strong>dk</strong>s pqusa½<br />

,evkjMh-bZ-101 xzke lkekftd fo<strong>dk</strong>l 6 6<br />

vkj-Mh-Mh-&6 xzke LokLF; ns[kHkky 6<br />

vkj-Mh-Mh-&7 xzke fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> lapkj 6<br />

v©j foLrkj<br />

x½<br />

vkj-Mh-Mh-&5<br />

ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

vuqlaèkku <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 6 6<br />

dqy ¼d$[k$x½ 30<br />

2-3-7 vuqokn <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek<br />

¼ih-th-Mh-Vh-½<br />

vuqokn <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong> eq[; mís'; vaxzsth ls fgUnh <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

fgUnh ls vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> vuqokn fl[kkuk gSA gekjs ns'k <strong>esa</strong> vuqokn ,d<br />

eq[; O;kolkf;d {ks= ds :i <strong>esa</strong> tkuk tkrk gS <strong>vkSj</strong> Hkkjrh; laLÑfr<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> lekt dh fofoèkrk <strong>dk</strong>s le>us <strong>esa</strong> Hkh ;g ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkwfe<strong>dk</strong><br />

fuHkkrk gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds fuekZ.k ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>esa</strong> vuqokn lacaèkh<br />

<strong>dk</strong>S'ky <strong>dk</strong>s fodflr fd;k tk,xkA fo|kFkhZ bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ls lS)kafrd<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> O;kogkfjd Kku izkIr djus ds vfrfjDr vuqokn ds<br />

lkekftd&lkaLÑfrd vk;keksa <strong>dk</strong>s Hkh le> ik,¡xsA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong><br />

pkj ikB~îØe <strong>vkSj</strong> ,d ifj;kstuk gS tks O;kogkfjd vuqokn ls<br />

lacafèkr gSA<br />

ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

ih-th-Mh-Vh-&1 vuqokn fl)kar <strong>vkSj</strong> izfofèk 6<br />

ih-th-Mh-Vh-&2<br />

ih-th-Mh-Vh-&3<br />

vuqokn <strong>dk</strong> Hkkf"kd <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

lkekftd i{k 6<br />

O;kogkfjd vuqokn ds fofoèk<br />

Lrj <strong>vkSj</strong> {ks= 6<br />

ih-th-Mh-Vh-&4 iz'kklfud vuqokn 6<br />

ih-th-Mh-Vh-&5 vuqokn ifj;kstuk 6<br />

dqy 30<br />

2-3-8 vUrjjk"Vªh; O;kikj lapkyu <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj<br />

fMIyksek ¼ih-th-Mh-vkbZ-ch-vks-½<br />

vUrjjk"Vªh; O;olk; ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> izcaèk v/;;u fo|kihB] tks fo'o dh<br />

lcls cM+h O;kolkf;d v/;;u laLFkk gS] varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj ds {ks=<br />

<strong>esa</strong> ,d vfÒuo <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe izkjaHk fd;k gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mís';<br />

fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj laxBu ds fy, vko';d<br />

ladYiukRed] m|e lacaèkh <strong>vkSj</strong> fo'ys"k.kkRed fuiq.krk iznku djuk<br />

gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj ds vuqç;qDr igyqv¨a d¨<br />

dsUæ <strong>esa</strong> j[kk x;k gSA<br />

bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong> 43


<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh fuEufyf[kr fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa<br />

• vUrjjk"Vªh; O;kikj ds izpkyukRed {ks=ksa ij fo'ks"k /;ku<br />

• ikB~îØe vUrjjk"Vªh; O;kikj ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> 'kh"kZ <strong>dk</strong>sfV ds<br />

fo}kuksa }kjk vfHkdfYir <strong>vkSj</strong> rS;kj fd, x, gSa<br />

• lqn`uk 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&2 lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l % eqís <strong>vkSj</strong> pqukSfr;k¡ 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&3 ÅtkZ <strong>vkSj</strong> i;kZoj.k 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&4 lgHkkxh izcaèk dh vksj 4<br />

44 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong><br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&5 lesfdr i;kZoj.k izcaèk %<br />

'kgjh <strong>vkSj</strong> xzkeh.k 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&6 izkÑfrd lalkèku izcaèk %<br />

HkkSfrd <strong>vkSj</strong> thoh; 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&7 Ñf"k <strong>vkSj</strong> i;kZoj.k 4<br />

,e-bZ-Mh-&8 HkweaMyhdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> i;kZoj.k 4<br />

dqy 32<br />

<strong>2.</strong>3.10 ÉÊ´ÉãÉä"khÉÉiàÉBÉE ®ºÉɪÉxÉ ÉɺjÉ àÉå ºxÉÉiÉBÉEÉäkÉ®<br />

ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ ({ÉÉÒ.VÉÉÒ.bÉÒ.A.ºÉÉÒ.)<br />

ÉÊ´ÉãÉä"khÉÉiàÉBÉE ®ºÉɪÉxÉ ÉɺjÉ àÉå ºxÉÉiÉBÉEÉäkÉ® ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ ({ÉÉÒVÉÉÒbÉÒAºÉÉÒ)<br />

ABÉE ºÉiÉiÉ ÉèÉÊFÉBÉE BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ cè*


AàɺÉÉÒASÉAãÉ-3 º{ÉäBÉD]ÅÉäºBÉEÉäÉÊ{ÉBÉE ÉÊ´ÉÉÊvɪÉÉÄ - |ɪÉÉäMÉ 2<br />

AàɺÉÉÒASÉAãÉ-4<br />


ÉÊ´ÉÉÊ£ÉxxÉ àÉÉÒÉÊbªÉÉ BÉEä ÉÊãÉA {ÉÉ~áɺÉÉàÉOÉÉÒ BÉEÉÒ +ÉÉÊ£ÉBÉEã{ÉxÉÉ<br />

A´ÉÆ ÉÊoÉÊvÉ ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉʺÉiÉ BÉE®xÉÉ*<br />

ãÉF; lewg<br />

ÉÊ´ÉÉÊ£ÉxxÉ ºiÉ®Éå {É® ÉÊÉFÉhÉ BÉEɪÉÇ ºÉä VÉÖ½ä +ÉvªÉÉ{ÉBÉE<br />

ÉÊ´ÉÉÊ£ÉxxÉ àÉÉÒÉÊbªÉÉ BÉEä ÉÊãÉA ÉèFÉÉÊhÉBÉE ºÉÉì{ÉD]´ÉäªÉ® BÉEä ÉÊxÉàÉÉÇiÉÉ<br />

ÉèÉÊFÉBÉE |ÉÉɺÉBÉE<br />

ÉèÉÊFÉBÉE |ÉÉètÉÉäÉÊMÉBÉEÉÒ BÉEä FÉäjÉ àÉå +ÉÉʣɰôÉÊSÉ ®JÉxÉä ´ÉÉãÉä +ÉxªÉ<br />

BªÉÉÎBÉDiÉA<br />

{ÉÉ~áɵÉEàÉ ÉÊ´É´É®hÉ<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

AàÉ


2-3-16 mPp f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek<br />

¼ih-th-Mh-,p-bZ-½<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh dYiuk <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l fo'ofo|ky; <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>Wyst f'k{k<strong>dk</strong>sa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s mPprj f'k{kk ls lacafèkr vko';d Kku] tku<strong>dk</strong>jh <strong>vkSj</strong> n{krk<br />

iznku djus dh n`f"V ls jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr ¼1986½ <strong>vkSj</strong> mPp f'k{kk<br />

f'k{kd ¼jLrksxh lfefr] 1996½ tSlh vU; vusd lfefr;ksa dh<br />

laLrqfr ds vuqlj.k <strong>esa</strong> fd;k x;k gSA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe fuEufyf[kr ds<br />

fy, cuk;k x;k gS%<br />

i½ fo'ofo|ky;ksa] <strong>dk</strong>Wystksa <strong>vkSj</strong> mPp f'k{kk ds vU; laLFkkuksa ds<br />

vusd fu;fer f'k{kdA<br />

ii½ de ls de f}rh; Js.kh lfgr fdlh Hkh fo"k; <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj<br />

<strong>mikf</strong>èk èkkjdA<br />

iii½ bathfu;jh] vkS"kfèk <strong>vkSj</strong> Ñf"k foKku tSls {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> O;kolkf;d<br />

<strong>mikf</strong>èk èkkjdA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> pkj fl)kar ikB~îØe] lEidZ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> iz;ksxkRed<br />

?kVd <strong>vkSj</strong> ifj;kstuk gSaA ;s gSa%<br />

ikBÓØe ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

d¨M<br />

,ebZ,l101 - mPp f'k{kk% lanHkZ <strong>vkSj</strong> laidZ 6<br />

,ebZ,l102 - mPp f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> funsZ'ku 6<br />

,ebZ,l103 - mPp f'k{kk% lkekftd] euksoSKkfud {ks= 6<br />

,ebZ,l104 - mPp f'k{kk dh ;kstuk <strong>vkSj</strong> izca/ku 6<br />

,ebZ,l105 - ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z 6<br />

,ebZ,l106 - foLrkfjr laidZ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 4<br />

dqy 34<br />

2-3-17 mPp f’k{kk izca/ku <strong>esa</strong><br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj fMIyksek<br />

¼ihthMh,pbZ,e½<br />

ihthMh,pbZ,e ,d vfHkuo <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze gSA bl<strong>esa</strong> mPprj f'k{kk Lrj<br />

ds 'kSf{kd izca/ku ij /;ku dsafnzr fd;k x;k gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds<br />

rgr fodflr ikB~;dze fof'k"V iz<strong>dk</strong>j ds gSa <strong>vkSj</strong> bldh v/;;u<br />

lkexzh ds fy, Kku ekWM~;wy eq[; lkexzh gSA mPp f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> Kku<br />

ekWM~;wy dh ladYiuk fo'ofo|ky; }kjk f'k{kk fo|kihB ¼,lvksbZ½<br />

ds ek/;e ls dh xbZ ,d ubZ igy gSA blds varxZr bl le; pkj<br />

ekWM~;wy <strong>vkSj</strong> ,d lacaf/kr ifj;kstuk gSA ;s ekWM~;wy mPp f’k{kk<br />

iz.kkyh ds <strong>dk</strong>;Zjr <strong>vkSj</strong> Hkkoh izca/k<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>vkSj</strong> iz'kkld dh ds fy, mPp<br />

f'k{kk lalk/ku vk/kkj izca/ku ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> iznku djsaxsA<br />

Kku ekWM~;wy dh eq[; fo'ks"krk, gSa %<br />

bu ekWM~;wyksa <strong>dk</strong>s mPp f'k{kk izca/k<strong>dk</strong>sa dh t:jrksa <strong>vkSj</strong> bls /;ku <strong>esa</strong><br />

j[krs gq, bldh ladYiuk dh xbZ gSA bldh fo'ks"krk,a bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j<br />

gSa %<br />

• vfr&vk/kqfud lkexzh<br />

• <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> dszfMV lap;<br />

• ,d izf'k{k.k iSdst ftlds ek/;e ls Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sRrj fMIyksek<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong> v/;;u fd;k tk ldrk gSaA<br />

mn~ns’;<br />

• Hkkjrh; mPp f'k{kk ds fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>vkSj</strong> o`f) <strong>dk</strong> ifjp;<br />

• fofHkUu ikB~;dze ekWM~;wyksa] ikB~;dze fuekZ.k ,oa O;ogkj <strong>esa</strong><br />

'kkfey eqn~nksa rFkk vR;k/kqfud ikB~;ppkZ uokpkj ds izca/ku<br />

dh O;kid le> iznku djxkA<br />

• vkbZ-Vh- vuqiz;ksxksa ds lanHkZ <strong>esa</strong> mPprj f'k{kk es izkS|ksfxdh<br />

izcaèk dh tku<strong>dk</strong>jh iznku djukA<br />

• ifjlj <strong>esa</strong> ,d O;kid 'kks/k laLd`fr <strong>dk</strong> fuekZ.k djus ds fy,<br />

izca/kdh; {kerk c


• vkfnoklh {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> <strong>vkSj</strong>@vkfnokfl;ksa ds fy, lkekftd <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

dh izklafxdrk <strong>dk</strong>s le>us <strong>esa</strong> enn djukA<br />

• lHkh ek;uksa <strong>esa</strong> vkfnokfl;ksa ds fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds fy, izf'kf{kr O;oklkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa<br />

dh lsok,¡ iznku djukA<br />

• ,sls lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong>s izf'kf{kr djuk tks Hkkjr <strong>esa</strong><br />

vkfnokfl;ksa dh leL;kvksa ls lacaf/kr eqn~nksa <strong>dk</strong> lek/kku dj<br />

ldsaA<br />

f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s xSj lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa ;k vU; foHkkxksa ds tutkrh;<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l foHkkxksa <strong>esa</strong> jkstxkj ds fy, l{ke cukukA<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong>s ,d o"kZ <strong>esa</strong> iwjk fd;k tk ldrk gSaA gkykWfd bldh<br />

vf/kdre vof/k pkj o"kZ gSA 34 dszfMV ds bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong>s 'kq: <strong>esa</strong><br />

vaxzsth <strong>esa</strong> miyC/k djk;k tk jgk gS ysfdu fo|kFkhZ fganh <strong>esa</strong> Hkh ijh{kk<br />

ns ldrk gSA <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong> fooj.k uhps fn;k x;k gSa %<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd<br />

48 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong><br />

dzsfMV<br />

,e,lMCY;w&1 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>dk</strong> mn~Hko <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l 4<br />

,e,lMCY;w&41 vkfnokfl;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s le>uk 4<br />

,e,lMCY;w&42 vkfnokfl;ksa <strong>esa</strong> Hkkjr 4<br />

,e,lMCY;w&43 tutkrh; lekt 4<br />

,e,lMCY;w&44 vkfnoklh fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>esa</strong> lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z O;ogkj 4<br />

,e,lMCY;w&45 lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z] izks;ksfxd <strong>dk</strong>;Z 10<br />

dqy dzsfMV 34<br />

<strong>2.</strong>3.19 {ÉEÉàÉÉǺªÉÖÉÊ]BÉEãÉ ÉʤɵÉEÉÒ |ɤÉÆvÉxÉ àÉå ºxÉÉiÉBÉEÉäkÉ®<br />

ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ ({ÉÉÒ.VÉÉÒ.bÉÒ.{ÉÉÒ.AºÉ.AàÉ.)<br />


• vkijkf/kd U;k; ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> tkx:d ukxfj<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>vkSj</strong> O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa<br />

<strong>dk</strong> fuekZ.k djukA<br />

• igys ls gh {ks= <strong>esa</strong> vkijkf/kd U;k; iz.kkyh <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>e dj jgs<br />

O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa dh {kerk <strong>esa</strong> o`f) djukA<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd<br />

dzsfMV <strong>dk</strong><br />

iz<strong>dk</strong>j lafgrk<br />

fl)kar@<br />

O;ogkj½<br />

¼ifj;kstuk@,sfPNd½<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd dzsfMV <strong>dk</strong><br />

iz<strong>dk</strong>j lafgrk<br />

fl)kar@<br />

O;ogkj½<br />

¼ifj;kstuk@,sfPNd½<br />

,e,ybZ&11 vkijkf/kd U;k; iz.kkyh fl)kar 4<br />

,e,ybZ&12 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk fl)kar 4<br />

,e,ybZ&13 vkijkf/kd U;k; izfdz;k fl)kar 4<br />

,e,ybZ&14 vkijkf/kd U;k; iz'kklu fl)kar 4<br />

,e,ybZ&15<br />

,e,ybZ&16<br />

vkijkf/kd U;k; iz.kkyh dh<br />

pqukSfr;ka fl)kar 4<br />

vkijkf/kd U;k; 'kks/k <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

o<strong>dk</strong>yr fl)kar 4<br />

,e,ybZ&17 uSnkfud ikB~;dze ifj;kstuk ifj;kstuk 8<br />

dqy 32<br />

2-3-22 i;kZoj.k <strong>dk</strong>uwu <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj<br />

fMIyksek ¼ih-th-Mh-bZ-,u-,y-MCY;w-½<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds i;kZoj.k <strong>dk</strong>uwu dsanz MCY;wMCY;w,Q Hkkjr ds<br />

lg;ksx ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong> fooj.k <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

vkosnu bXuw dh osclkbV ij WWW.ignou.ac.in <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

MCY;wMCY;w,Q Hkkjr dh osclkbV W.WWfindia.org. ij miyCèk<br />

gSa<br />

mn~ns’;<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds eq[; mn~ns’; gSa %<br />

• f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s i;kZoj.k <strong>dk</strong>uwu <strong>esa</strong> O;kid Kku iznku djukA<br />

• f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s dsanhz; <strong>vkSj</strong> jkT; cksMksaZ dh <strong>dk</strong>;Z iz.kkyh dh<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze gh le> iznku djukA<br />

• i;kZoj.k <strong>dk</strong>uwu ds lkFk izHkko iw.kZ


ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Ø <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

,ebZMh,l&1 foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 4<br />

,ebZMh,l&2 foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l dh xfr'khyrk 4<br />

,ebZMh,l&3 fo<strong>dk</strong>l dh leL;k,a <strong>vkSj</strong> eqís 6<br />

,ebZMh,lih&4 ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z -I 4<br />

,ebZMh,l&5 foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa<br />

dh ;kstuk <strong>vkSj</strong> izca/ku 5<br />

,ebZMh,l&6 foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u<br />

<strong>esa</strong> 'kks/k fof/k;ka 6<br />

,ebZMh,lih&7 ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z -II 6<br />

dqy ØsfMV 34<br />

fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s foLrkj <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sRrj izek.ki=]<br />

¼ikB~;Øe 001&004½ izkIr djus ds fy, 6 eghus ckn fu<strong>dk</strong>lh <strong>dk</strong><br />

fodYi miyC/k gSA<br />

2-3-24 ãÉÉäBÉE rRo +ÉÉè® ºÉƺBÉßEÉÊiÉ +ÉvªÉªÉxÉ àÉå<br />

ºxÉÉiÉBÉEÉäkÉ® ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ ¼ihthMh,Qlh,l½<br />

ãÉÉäBÉErRo +ÉÉè® ºÉƺBÉßEÉÊiÉ +ÉvªÉªÉxÉ àÉå ºxÉÉiÉBÉEÉäkÉ® ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ<br />

BÉEÉ {ÉEÉäBÉEºÉ ºÉÉàÉÉxªÉ °ô{É ºÉä ÉÊ´É´É +ÉÉè® ÉÊ´ÉÉä"É °ô{É ºÉä £ÉÉ®iÉ BÉEä<br />

ãÉÉäBÉErRo +ÉÉè® ºÉƺBÉßEÉÊiÉ BÉEä ºÉàɪÉ] £ÉÚMÉÉäãÉ, ºlÉÉxÉ +ÉÉè® ºÉÉÉÊciªÉ {É®<br />

BÉEåfpiÉ cè*


iznku djukA<br />

• 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> fuekZ.k ij <strong>dk</strong>S'ky <strong>dk</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l djukA<br />

• var%fo"k;d n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.kksa ls 'kkafr dh fof/k;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s fodflr<br />

djukA<br />

• izfrHkkfx;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s 'kkafr fuekZ.k <strong>vkSj</strong> 'kkafr le/kku <strong>esa</strong> izf’k{kr<br />

djukA<br />

• fMIyksek /kkj<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong>s ehfM;k] xSj lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa] f'k{k.k <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

vuqla/kku <strong>dk</strong>;Z djus ds fy, l{ke cukukA<br />

,sfPNd ikB~;dze<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd dzsfMV<br />

,ethih&1 xka/kh <strong>vkSj</strong> mu<strong>dk</strong> le; 4<br />

,ethih&2 xka/kh dh n'kZu 4<br />

,ethih&3 xka/kh dh lkekftd fopkj/kkjk 4<br />

,ethih&4 xka/kh dh jktuhfrd fopkj/kkjk 4<br />

,ethih&6 xka/kh dh vkfFkZd fopkj/kkjk 4<br />

,sfPNd ikB~;dze<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd dzsfMV<br />

,ethihbZ&7 xka/kh ds ckn vfgalk vkanksyu 4<br />

,ethihbZ&8<br />

'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ ladYi<br />

laca/kh xka/kh <strong>dk</strong> n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k 4<br />

,ethihbZ&9 21 oha lnh <strong>esa</strong> xka/kh 4<br />

,ethihbZ&10<br />

la?k"kZ izca/ku] ifjorZu <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

'kkafr fuekZ.k 4<br />

,ethihbZ&11 Ekkuo lqj{kk 4<br />

,ethihbZ&14<br />

xka/kh] ikfjfLFkfrdh <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l 4<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong>s iwjk djus ds fy, fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s 32 dszfMV iwjs djus gSaA<br />

ihthMhthih,l <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong>s lQyrkiwoZd iwjk djus ds fy, fo|kFkhZ<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s pkj dszfMV ds rhu oSdfYid ikB~;dzeksa ¼dqy 12 dszfMV½ <strong>dk</strong><br />

p;u djus dh lykg nh tkrh gSA<br />

2-3-26 <strong>dk</strong>jiksjsV xousZUl <strong>esa</strong> Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj<br />

fMIyksek ¼ih-th-Mh-vkbZ-lh-th-½<br />

<strong>dk</strong>WiksZjsV f'k{kk] izf'k{k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> ijke'kZ dsanz ¼lhlhbZVhlh½ us vius Kku<br />

lg;ksxh bafLVV~;wV vkWQ daiuh lsØsVjht vkWQ bafM;k ¼vkbZlh,lvkbZ½<br />

ds lg;ksx ls <strong>tuojh</strong> 2010 <strong>l=</strong> ls ihthMhvkbZlhth <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 'kq:<br />

fd;k gSA<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mís'; fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s iz'kklu ds tfVy eqíksa <strong>dk</strong><br />

izcaèk djus ds fy, Kku <strong>vkSj</strong> n{krk iznku djuk gSA fo'ks"k :i ls<br />

fo|kFkhZ izHkkoh fu.kZ; n{krk fodflr dj ldsxk] j.kuhfrd ;kstuk]<br />

lqn`


izR;sd fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s vius }kjk igpku fd, x, vFkok lhlhbZVhlh<br />

}kjk lkSais x, fo"k;@{ks= ij viuh fo'ys"k.kkRed n{krk fodflr<br />

djus ds fy, mls ,d ifj;kstuk ij <strong>dk</strong>;Z djuk gksxkA ifj;kstuk<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Z ds nkSjku mls iz'ukoyh ek/;e vFkok lk{kkR<strong>dk</strong>j@losZ{k.k fofèk<br />

ls vkadM+s@lwpuk ,df=r djuh gksxhA mlds ckn mlls leqfpr<br />

izkS|ksfxdh <strong>dk</strong> iz;ksx djrs gq, vkadM+ksa <strong>dk</strong> fo'ys"k.k djus <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

fu"d"kZ fu<strong>dk</strong>yus rFkk viuh laLrqfr nsus dh vis{kk dh tk,xhA<br />

fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s ,d fyf[kr ifj;kstuk fjiksVZ tek djkuh gksxh <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

ifj;kstuk ij ekSf[kd ijh{kk nsuh gksxhA<br />

ØsfMV<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 30 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gS <strong>vkSj</strong> izR;sd ikB~;Øe <strong>esa</strong> 6 ØsfMV gSaA<br />

<strong>2.</strong>3.27 {ÉÚ´ÉÇ-|ÉÉlÉÉÊàÉBÉE ÉÊÉFÉÉ àÉå ºxÉÉiÉBÉEÉäkÉ® ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ<br />

({ÉÉÒ.VÉÉÒ.bÉÒ.{ÉÉÒ.{ÉÉÒ.


<strong>2.</strong>3.29 ;qok fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek<br />

¼Mh-lh-okbZ-ih-½<br />

<strong>dk</strong>WeuosYFk ;qok <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ^^fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> ;qok oxZ** <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe iSu <strong>dk</strong>WeuosYFk <strong>dk</strong>;kZy;] yanu ds lg;ksx ls bXuw }kjk<br />

iznku fd;k tkrk gSA<br />

vUrjjk"Vªh; f'k{kk <strong>dk</strong> mn~Hko&izFke <strong>dk</strong>WeuosYFk O;kid f'k{kk<br />

f'k{kk fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> ;qokoxZ <strong>dk</strong>s leFkZ <strong>vkSj</strong> l'kDr cukrk gSA<br />

mís';<br />

;g fof'k"V {kerk vk/kkfjr <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ks± <strong>esa</strong> ;qok oxZ<br />

dh var%'kfDr fodflr djus <strong>dk</strong> iz;kl djrk gSA blds mís';<br />

gSa%<br />

• ;qok oxZ <strong>dk</strong>s vius vki <strong>dk</strong>;Z djus ds fy, l{ke<br />

cukukA<br />

• lqfuf'pr djuk fd ;qok oxZ ewY; iz.kkyh ds vuqlkj<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Z djrs gSa tks iz;kstu <strong>dk</strong> Hkko iznku djrk gS <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

;g vfHkizk; iznku djrk gS fd ;qok oxZ viuh n{krk<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> Kku <strong>dk</strong> mi;ksx dSls djrs gSaA<br />

;qok oxZ <strong>dk</strong>s yksdrkf=d fl)kUrksa ls l'kDr djuk rkfd os ns'k<br />

ds fu.kZ; djus dh izfØ;k <strong>esa</strong> fu'p;kRed <strong>vkSj</strong> jpukRed<br />

Hkwfe<strong>dk</strong> vnk dj ldsaA<br />

ikB~;Øe dh fo"k;oLrq<br />

ikB~;Øe ekWM;wyj :i <strong>esa</strong> fodflr fd;k x;k gS] izR;sd<br />

ekM;wy ;qok fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds fof'k"V ewY;kadu ij dsfUnzr gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&1<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&2<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&3<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&4<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&5<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&6<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&7<br />

lh-okbZ-ih-&8<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kkh"kZd<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> ;qo<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>WeuosYFk ewY;<br />

;qok oxZ <strong>vkSj</strong> lekt<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> ;qok oxZ ds fl)kUr <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

O;ogkj] vius leqnk;ksa ds yksxksa ds lkFk<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Z djukA<br />

fyx <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l f'k{k.k izfØ;k,¡<br />

izca/ku n{krk,¡] ekWuVfjax <strong>vkSj</strong> ewY;kadu<br />

uhfr fu;kstu <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;kZUo;u la?k"kZ lek/kku]<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zuhfr <strong>vkSj</strong> n{krk,¡<br />

m|e <strong>vkSj</strong> vkfFkZd fo<strong>dk</strong>l ;qok <strong>vkSj</strong> LokLF;<br />

<strong>dk</strong> lao/kZu djuk<br />

lrr fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>vkSj</strong> i;kZoj.kh; eqn~ns ,f'k;k<br />

{ks= [kaM<br />

Hkkx&1 O;fDrRo fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>vkSj</strong> lapk<br />

Hkkx&2 tula[;k <strong>vkSj</strong> ikfjokfjd thou<br />

f'k{kk ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> y{; lewg<br />

lHkh fo|kFkhZ <strong>vkSj</strong> jk"Vªh; lsok ;kstuk ¼,u,l,l½] usg: ;qok<br />

dsanz ¼,uokbZds½ Hkkjr L<strong>dk</strong>mV ,saM xkbM rFkk ;qok laxBu vkfn<br />

lfefr lj<strong>dk</strong>jh ,oa xSj lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa nksuksa ds leqnk; fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ØsfMV : 32 (960 ?kaVs)<br />

2-3-30 izkjafHkd ckY;koLFkk ns[kHkky <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k{kk<br />

<strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek ¼Mh-bZ-lh-bZ-½<br />

izkjafHkd ckY;koLFkk ns[kHkky <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek ,d ,slk lexz<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe gS ftl<strong>dk</strong> mís'; fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>esa</strong> NksVs cPpksa ¼6 o"kZ dh vk;q rd<br />

ds cPpksa½ ds lkFk <strong>dk</strong>;Z djus ds fy, vko';d Kku] vfHk:fp <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

n{krk fodflr djus <strong>vkSj</strong> mUgsa f'k'kq ns[kHkky dsUnzksa] tSls ØSp]<br />

'kkykiwoZ <strong>vkSj</strong> fnu <strong>esa</strong> ns[kHkky dsUnz laxfBr djus rFkk izcaèk djus <strong>esa</strong><br />

l{ke cukus <strong>esa</strong> lgk;rk djuk gSA <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe izkjfEHkd ckY;koLFkk<br />

ns[kHkky rFkk f'k{kk ls lacafèkr xgu lS)kfUrd rFkk O;kogkfjd Kku<br />

iznku djrk gSA ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> iz;ksxkRed <strong>dk</strong>;Z tks bl<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds izeq[k ?kVd gSa] fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s izkjfEHkd f'k'kq f'k{kd <strong>dk</strong><br />

izHkkoh


2-3-31 iks"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> LokLF; f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek<br />

¼Mh-,u-,p-bZ-½<br />

fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ,slk iw.kZ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe gS tks fo|kFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s iks"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

tuLokLF; ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> Kku izkIr djus rFkk leqnk; <strong>dk</strong>s iks"k.k rFkk<br />

LokLF; lEcUèkh tku<strong>dk</strong>jh nsus <strong>dk</strong> Hkh volj iznku djrk gSA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mís'; iks"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> tu LokLF; ds {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> Kku <strong>dk</strong><br />

vkèkkj fodflr djuk( iks"k.k <strong>vkSj</strong> LokLF; f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> lapkj <strong>vkSj</strong> muds<br />

vuqiz;ksx <strong>esa</strong> voèkkj.kkvkas rFkk fl)kUrksa ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> tkx:drk c


<strong>2.</strong>3.34 fons'kh Hkk"kk ds :i <strong>esa</strong> teZu Hkk"kk<br />

f'k{k.k <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek ¼Mh-Vh-th-½<br />

fons'kh Hkk"kk ds :i <strong>esa</strong> teZu Hkk"kk f'k{k.k <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek nwj ek/;e ls<br />

miyC/k bl fdLe <strong>dk</strong> igyk fMIyksek gS ftl<strong>esa</strong> d{kk <strong>esa</strong> v/;kiu <strong>dk</strong><br />

lfµÉE; O;kogkfjd ?kVd 'kkfey gSA bXuw us lHkh Lrjksa ij v/;kid<br />

izf'k{k.k <strong>dk</strong>;ZµÉEe <strong>vkSj</strong> lkekU; Lo:i ds ;wjksih; uk <strong>vkSj</strong> mlds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> le> vftZr djuk gSA bl<strong>esa</strong><br />

l`tukRed ys[ku] vuqokn rduhd v©j laiknu ,oa ç<strong>dk</strong>'ku vkfn<br />

d¨ Òh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> ik¡p ikBÓØe gSa &<br />

n¨ vfuok;Z v©j rhu ,sfPNdA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds mÌs'; <strong>esa</strong> mnZw Òk"kk<br />

,oa lkfgR; dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BÒwfe çnku djuk v©j mnZw x| ,oa<br />

i| dh fo'ys"k.k l{kerk fodflr djuk gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

vfuok;Z ikB~;Øe<br />

vks;w,y 3 mnwZ Hkk"kk ,oa lkfgR; <strong>dk</strong> bfrgkl 8<br />

vks;w,yih 1 ifj;kstuk 4<br />

,sfPNd ikB~;Øe<br />

vks;w,ybZ 1 le<strong>dk</strong>yhu mnwZ dfork 4<br />

vks;w,ybZ 2 le<strong>dk</strong>yhu mnwZ dFkk lkfgR; 4<br />

vks;w,ybZ 5 vuqokn ds fl)kar 4<br />

dqy ØsfMV 24<br />

2-3-37 ,p-vkbZ-oh- <strong>vkSj</strong> ifjokj f'k{kk <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek<br />

¼Mh-,-,Q-bZ-½<br />

ASÉ.+ÉÉ


tks fo|kFkhZ lh-,-,Q-bZ- ikB~;Øe dj pqds gSa] os Mh-,-,QbZ-<br />

dh c<strong>dk</strong>;k Qhl nsdj Mh-,-,Q-bZ- dj ldrs gSaA lh-,-,Q-bZ- ds<br />

ikB~;Øe ds fy, ØsfMV varj.k ds fy, vkosnu djuk gksxkA<br />

2-3-38 L=h l'kfDrdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l eas fMIyksek<br />

¼Mh-MCY;w-bZ-Mh-½<br />

bl fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>dk</strong> mís'; fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZvksa <strong>esa</strong> efgykvksa ds<br />

eqíksa ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> laosnuk mRiUu djuk <strong>vkSj</strong> fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s efgykvksa ds<br />

eqíksa ij fo'ks"kKksa ds :i <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>e djus ;ksX; cukus ds fy, vko';d<br />

fo'ks"kKrk iznku djuk gSA <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe }kjk fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s tsaMj eqíksa ls<br />

lacafèkr <strong>dk</strong>;Z djus <strong>esa</strong> izf'k{kd <strong>vkSj</strong> leqnk; vk;kstd ds :i <strong>esa</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

djus ds fy, visf{kr fo'ks"kKrk Hkh iznku dh tk,xhA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

mu O;fDr;ksa dh vko';drkvksa dh Hkh iwfrZ djsxk tks xSj-lj<strong>dk</strong>jh<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa <strong>esa</strong> efgykvksa ds fu;kstu <strong>vkSj</strong> izf'k{k.k ds <strong>dk</strong>e<br />

<strong>esa</strong> yxs gq, gSaA bu ikB~îØeksa <strong>dk</strong>s izf'k{k.k lanHkks± <strong>esa</strong> iz;ksx ds fy,<br />

eYVh ehfM;k izf'k{k.k <strong>dk</strong>;ZØeksa ds :i <strong>esa</strong> Hkh iz;qDr fd;k tk ldrk<br />

gSA bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> jk"Vªh; rFkk vUrjjk"Vªh; nksuksa gh n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

ljks<strong>dk</strong>j lfEefyr fd, x, gSaA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk<br />

fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 32 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gSA <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk nks èkkjkvksa<br />

ij vkèkkfjr gSA bl<strong>esa</strong> lekt foKku n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k <strong>vkSj</strong> izf'k{k.k n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k<br />

ij cy fn;k x;k gSA izR;sd ikB~;Øe 4 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gS] dsoy ,d<br />

ikB~;Øe 8 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gSA<br />

ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

lekftd foKku n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k<br />

ch-MCY;w-bZ-bZ-&12 efgyk,¡ <strong>vkSj</strong> lekt% HkweaMyh; 8<br />

ljks<strong>dk</strong>j <strong>vkSj</strong> LFkkuh; eqís<br />

ch-MCY;w-bZ-bZ-&4 efgykvksa ds fo<strong>dk</strong>l dh 4<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zuhfr;k¡<br />

ch-MCY;w-bZ-bZ-&5 efgyk,¡ <strong>vkSj</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l 4<br />

izf'k{k.k n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k<br />

ch-MCY;w-bZ-,Q-&2 tsUMj izf'k{k.k n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.kksa <strong>esa</strong> 4<br />

vkèkkj ikB~;Øe<br />

ch-MCY;w-bZ-bZ-&6 laxBu <strong>vkSj</strong> usr`Ro 4<br />

ch-MCY;w-bZ-bZ-&7 <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> m|e'khyrk 4<br />

ch-MCY;w-bZ-bZ-&8 ØsfMV <strong>vkSj</strong> foÙk] 4<br />

<strong>2.</strong>3.39 ÉʤÉVÉxÉäºÉ |ÉÉäºÉäºÉ +ÉÉ=]ºÉÉäÉͺÉMÉ àÉå ÉÊb{ãÉÉäàÉÉ - {ÉEÉ


+ÉÆOÉäVÉÉÒ ºÉà|Éä"khÉ +ÉÉè® +ÉÉ


2-4 izek.ki= <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe<br />

2-4-1 fctyh forj.k izca/ku <strong>esa</strong> mPp<br />

izek.ki= ¼,-lh-ih-Mh-,e-½<br />

ÉʤÉVÉãÉÉÒ ÉÊ´ÉiÉ®hÉ |ɤÉÆvÉxÉ àÉå =SSÉ |ÉàÉÉhÉ {ÉjÉ (A.ºÉÉÒ.{ÉÉÒ.bÉÒ.AàÉ.)<br />

BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ BÉEÉä óVÉÉÇ àÉÆjÉÉãɪÉ, ªÉÚ.AºÉ.Ab-


2-4-4 izkS


2-4-6 {Éä]å] |ÉèÉÎBÉD]ºÉ àÉå ºxÉÉiÉBÉEÉäkÉ®<br />

|ÉàÉÉhÉ{ÉjÉ ({ÉÉÒ.VÉÉÒ.ºÉÉÒ.{ÉÉÒ.{ÉÉÒ.)<br />

{Éä]å] ÉÊ´ÉYÉÉxÉ iÉlÉÉ |ÉÉètÉÉäÉÊMÉBÉEÉÒ àÉå ºÉßVÉxÉÉiàÉBÉEiÉÉ BÉEÉä |ÉÉäiºÉÉÉÊciÉ<br />

BÉE®xÉä A´ÉÆ +ÉÉÉÊ´É"BÉEÉ® +ÉÉè® ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉºÉ BÉEÉ ºÉÆ®FÉhÉ BÉE®xÉä, xÉ


<strong>2.</strong>4.11 xka/kh <strong>vkSj</strong> 'kkafr v/;;u <strong>esa</strong><br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sÙkj izek.ki=<br />

¼ih-th-lh-th-ih-,l-½<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds mn~ns’;<br />

• 'kkafr v/;;u <strong>vkSj</strong> lkekftd iqufuZek.k dh xka/khoknh dh<br />

le> iznku djukA<br />

• 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> vfgalk ij xka/kh ds n`f"V<strong>dk</strong>s.k <strong>dk</strong> ofLrkj ls<br />

le>ukA<br />

• oSf'od 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> lqj{kk ds fy, xka/kh dh fo’o O;oLFkk dh<br />

vo/kkj.k <strong>dk</strong>s le>ukA<br />

• okLrfod thou dh fLFkfr;ksa <strong>esa</strong> izfrHkkfx;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s 'kkafr cuk,<br />

j[kus <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ lek/kku <strong>esa</strong> izf’kf{kr djukA<br />

• var%fo"k; ifjizs{; ls 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ ladYi lek/kku ds fy,<br />

fuokjd j.kuhfr fodflr djukA<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd<br />

dszfMV<br />

,ethih&1 xka/kh % <strong>vkSj</strong> vu<strong>dk</strong> le; 4<br />

,ethih&5 'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ lek/kku <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; 4<br />

,eihth&8<br />

,eihth&8<br />

'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ ds lek/kku ds ckjs<br />

<strong>esa</strong> xka/khoknh 4<br />

'kkafr <strong>vkSj</strong> la?k"kZ ds lek/kku ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong><br />

xka/khoknh 4<br />

Lukr<strong>dk</strong>sRrj izek.ki= <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong>s iwjk djus ds fy, Nk= <strong>dk</strong>s 16<br />

dszfMV ds lHkh pkj ikB~;dze iwjs djus gksaxsA<br />

2-4-12 Lons'kh dyk O;ogkj <strong>esa</strong><br />

izek.ki= ¼lh-vkbZ-,-ih-½<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe eas fofHkUu@ikjaifjd dyk :iksa fo'ks"k :i ls yqIr<br />

gks jgs dyk :iksa ds ckjs fo'ks"kKrk iznku dus ds fy, ,d<br />

ikjaifd ekLVj ¼xq:½ dh ifjdYiuk dh xbZ gS ftlls nqyZHk<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> yqIr gks jgh dyk :iksa <strong>dk</strong>s ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldsA bl<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds varxZr fofHkUu dykk :iksa <strong>esa</strong> yksd@vkfnoklh dyk]<br />

ek'kZy vkVZ ekSf[kd ijaijk] vkfn 'kkfey gSA<br />

mís';%<br />

• Hkkjr ds iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa dh yksd lkaLd`frd izFkkvksa dh<br />

fofHkUu laj{k.k] mUu;u <strong>vkSj</strong> izLrqfr <strong>vkSj</strong> ijaijk <strong>dk</strong> izpkj<br />

djukA<br />

• dyk <strong>vkSj</strong> laLd`fr ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> jktxkjksUeq[k n{krk fo<strong>dk</strong>l<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh :ijs[kk rS;k djuk <strong>vkSj</strong> bls ykxw djukA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk%<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ns'k ds iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa ds fy, iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa ds<br />

fy, iwoksZÙkj {ks=h; lkaLd`frd dsanz] nhekiqj ds ek/;e ls iznku<br />

fd;k tk jgk gSA<br />

izek.ki= <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 16 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gS bl<strong>dk</strong> ØsfMV forj.k bl<br />

iz<strong>dk</strong>j gS%<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

vksoh,&11 Hkkjr dh yksd laLd`fr <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

ijaijk ¼fl)kar½ 2<br />

vksoh,&12 dyk <strong>dk</strong> Lons'kh iz;ksx ¼O;ogkj½ 14<br />

dqy 16<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ns'k ds mÙkj dsanzh; jkT;ksa ds fy, mÙkj dsanzh;<br />

{ks=h; lkaLd`frd dsanz] bykgkckn ds ek/;e ls pyk;k tk jgk<br />

gSA<br />

;g izek.ki= <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 16 ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> gSA blds ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong><br />

forj.k bl iz<strong>dk</strong>j gSA<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

vksoh,&13 ¼fl)kar½ Hkkjr dh yksdlaLd`fr <strong>vkSj</strong> ijaijk 2<br />

vksoh,&14 ¼O;ogkj½ dyk<strong>dk</strong>j Lons'kh O;ogkj 14<br />

dqy 16<br />

{ks=h; lkaLd`frd dsanzksa] laLd`fr ea=ky;] Hkkjr lj<strong>dk</strong>j ds ek/<br />

;e ls ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe xq: f'k{kk ;kstuk] laLd`fr ea=ky;] Hkkjr<br />

lj<strong>dk</strong>j ds varxZr ;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe xq: f'k{kk iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa <strong>esa</strong><br />

iznku fd;k tk jgk gSA<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.13 VÉÉ{ÉÉxÉÉÒ £ÉÉ"ÉÉ àÉå |ÉàÉÉhÉ{ÉjÉ ¼ºÉÉÒ.VÉä.AãÉ.½<br />

ªÉc BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ |ÉÉ®ÆÉÊ£ÉBÉE ºiÉ® {É® VÉÉ{ÉÉxÉÉÒ £ÉÉ"ÉÉ BÉEä àÉÚãÉ {Éè]xÉÇ<br />

BÉEÉ {ÉÉÊ®SÉªÉ BÉE®ÉiÉÉ cè, <strong>vkSj</strong> {É~xÉ, ãÉäJÉxÉ, gÉ´ÉhÉ +ÉÉè® ´ÉÉSÉxÉ<br />

BÉEä SÉÉ® BÉEÉèÉãÉÉå àÉå ÉÊ´ÉtÉÉÉÌlɪÉÉå BÉEh ;ksX;rk <strong>dk</strong> fo<strong>dk</strong>l <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

var <strong>esa</strong> Nk=ksa <strong>dk</strong>s VÉÉ{ÉÉxÉÉÒ ºÉƺBÉßEÉÊiÉ BÉEä +ÉÉvÉÉ®£ÉÚiÉ +ÉɴɪÉBÉE<br />

{ÉcãÉÖ+ÉÉäÆ ºÉä {ÉÉÊ®ÉÊSÉiÉ BÉE®ÉiÉÉ cè*<br />

ªÉc ÉÊu£ÉÉ"ÉÉÒ àÉÉvªÉàÉ àÉå àÉÖÉÊpiÉ ºÉÉàÉOÉÉÒ ¼AºÉAãÉAàɽ <strong>vkSj</strong> àÉã]ÉÒàÉÉÒÉÊbªÉÉ<br />

{ÉèBÉEät ¼A/´ÉÉÒ/ºÉÉÒ bÉÒ) :i <strong>esa</strong> fefJr cS +ÉÉè®


àÉå ºÉßVÉxÉÉiàÉBÉE +ÉÉè® ºÉÉénªÉÇ £ÉÉ´ÉxÉÉ BÉEÉ ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉºÉ cÉä ºÉBÉEä*


vkś ÉÉÒA-4 (BªÉ´ÉcÉ®) bɪɮäBÉD] º]bÉÒ |ÉEÉìàÉ ÉʺÉà{ÉãÉ<br />

+ÉÉì¤VÉäBÉD]弃 4<br />

vkś ÉÉÒAAºÉ-9(BªÉ´ÉcÉ®) BÉDãÉä àÉÉìbÉËãÉMÉ 3<br />

vkś ÉÉÒAAºÉ-10(BªÉ´ÉcÉ®) BÉEÆ{ÉÉäÉÊVÉÉxÉ


vks,e;w - 5 AxÉ


<strong>2.</strong>4.22 teZu Hkk"kk <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-th-,y-½<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe teZu Hkk"kk dh ewy lajpukvksa <strong>dk</strong> ifjp; djkrk gSA<br />

fo|kFkhZ i


<strong>2.</strong>4.26 i;kZoj.k v/;;u <strong>esa</strong><br />

izek.ki= ¼lh-bZ-,l-½<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe vkSipkfjd ;k vukSipkfjd f'k{kk ds lHkh Lrjksa ij<br />

izR;sd vk;q oxZ dh vke turk] O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa] ikfjfLFkfrdhfonksa]<br />

tyfoKkfu;ksa] QkjsLVjksa] Hkwn`'; okLrq<strong>dk</strong>jksa] is'ksoj ;k lkekftd<br />

lewgksa] iz'kkl<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>vkSj</strong> ;kstuk<strong>dk</strong>jksa] bathfu;jksa] m|ksxifr;ksa] Ñ"k<strong>dk</strong>sa<br />

vkfn ds fy, mi;ksxh gSA xSj-lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBu viuh izlkj {kerk<br />

ds fy, bls cgqr mi;ksxh ik,¡xsA<br />

ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~îØe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd<br />

ØsfMV<br />

,-,p-bZ-&1 ekuo i;kZoj.k ¼,-,p-bZ- ifj;kstuk 6<br />

lfEefyr ugha½<br />

Vh-,l-&5 ikfjfLFkfrdh] i;kZoj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> i;ZVu 8<br />

ih-bZ-,l-&1 ifj;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>;Z i;kZoj.k v/;;u 4<br />

dqy 18<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.27 xSj&lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBu çca/ku<br />

<strong>esa</strong> çek.ki= ¼lh-,u-,e-½<br />

xSj-lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBu ¼,uthv¨½ Òkjr ds lÒh çns'k¨a <strong>esa</strong> fofÒUu<br />

fo<strong>dk</strong>l ds eq̨a <strong>esa</strong> ,d egRoiw.kZ Òwfe<strong>dk</strong> fuÒkrs gSaA Òkjr <strong>esa</strong> jkT;<br />

Òj <strong>esa</strong> oh-,-,u ¼LoSfPNd ,sD'ku usVodZ½] Òkjr] Òkjrh; LoSfPNd<br />

laxBu¨a <strong>dk</strong> ,d 'kh"kZ fu<strong>dk</strong>; gSA bl<strong>dk</strong> vuqeku gS fd Òkjr<br />

<strong>esa</strong> 1-2 yk[k ,uthv¨ <strong>dk</strong>e dj jgs gSaA ;¨tuk vk;¨x ds ikl<br />

miyCèk vadM+¨a ds vuqlkj ns'k <strong>esa</strong> 12]000 ls Òh vf/kd xSj-lj<strong>dk</strong>jh<br />

laxBu gSaA fo<strong>dk</strong>l dh çfØ;k <strong>esa</strong> LoSfPNd {ks= dh rsth ls c


<strong>2.</strong>4.29 f}rh; Hkk"kk ds :i <strong>esa</strong><br />

vaxzsth f'k{k.k <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-Vh-bZ-½<br />

;g <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ds fy, lEizs"k.k mikxe ij vk/kkfjr gS<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> fo|kfFkZ;ksa] f'k{k.k izfØ;k] vaxszth Hkk"kk <strong>dk</strong> Lo:i <strong>vkSj</strong> lajpuk<br />

ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> f'k{kd dh tku<strong>dk</strong>jh c


ch-,Q-bZ-bZ-&101 ,p-vkbZ-oh-@ 4<br />

,M~l- ij ,sfPNd<br />

fo"k;<br />

ch-,Q-bZ-bZ-&102 ifjokj f'k{kk ij 4<br />

,sfPNd fo"k;<br />

ch-,Q-bZ-bZ-&103 vY<strong>dk</strong>sgy] Mªx 4<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> ,pvkÃoh<br />

ch-,Q-bZ-bZ-&104 ,pvkÃoh <strong>esa</strong> 4<br />

lapkj o ijke'kZ<br />

dqy 24 16<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.33 vkijkf/kd U;k; iz.kkyh <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-,l-MCY;w-lh-ts-,l-½<br />

vkijkf/kd U;k; iz.kkyh lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>esa</strong> izek.k&i= <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong><br />

mn~ns'; <strong>dk</strong>jkokl] ifjokj U;k;ky;] fe{kqd x`g] izs{k.k x`g@cpko<br />

?kj cky&ckfy<strong>dk</strong> fo'ks"k fo|ky;] vkfn <strong>esa</strong> lq/kkj <strong>dk</strong>e djus ds<br />

bPNqd Lukrd O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa <strong>dk</strong>s izf'kf{kr djuk gSaA ;g <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze<br />

lq/kkj <strong>dk</strong>;ksaZ ls tqM+s fofHkUu xSj lj<strong>dk</strong>jh laxBuksa] O;kolkf;<strong>dk</strong>sa]<br />

i'ksojksa ds fy, Hkh izklafxd gksxkA Ng ekg dh vof/k <strong>dk</strong> ;g<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze vaxzsth <strong>vkSj</strong> fganh nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa <strong>esa</strong> miyC/k gSA f'k{kkFkhZ <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

izek.k i= ds fy, 16 dszfMV vftZr djus visf{kr gSaA 16 dszfMV <strong>esa</strong><br />

ls 8 dszfMV fl)kar <strong>vkSj</strong> 8 dzsfMV O;ogkj ds gSaA fl)kar ds 8 dzsfMV<br />

<strong>esa</strong> ls 4 dzsfMV lkekftd <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong> 4 dzsfMV <strong>dk</strong>uwu ls lacaf/kr gksaxsA<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze 'kh"kZd iz<strong>dk</strong>j dszfMV<br />

vfuok;Z<br />

,e,lMCY;w&31<br />

,e,lMCY;w&32<br />

,e,lMCY;w&33<br />

lq/kkj x`gksa <strong>esa</strong> lekt <strong>dk</strong>;Z<br />

gLr{ksi vfuok;Z 4<br />

Lkekftd <strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

vkijkf/kd U;k; vfuok;Z 4<br />

lq/kkj x`gksa <strong>esa</strong> lekt<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Z <strong>dk</strong> vH;kl vfuok;Z 8<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.34 LokLF; ns[kHkky vif'k"V<br />

izca/ku <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-,p-lh-MCY;w-,e-½<br />

º´ÉɺlªÉ näJÉ£ÉÉãÉ +É{ÉÉÊÉ"] BÉEÉ +ÉÆvÉÉvÉÖÆvÉ ÉÊxÉ{É]ÉxÉ +ÉÉè® AbºÉ,<br />

cèÉÊ{É]É


<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds mís';<br />

<br />

<br />

uotkr <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k'kqvksa dh ns[kHkky <strong>esa</strong> uflZax <strong>dk</strong>feZ<strong>dk</strong>sa ds Kku]<br />

<strong>dk</strong>S'ky rFkk jhfr;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s laon~f/kZr o v|ru djuk(<br />

lkekU;] [krjs dh laHkkouk okys <strong>vkSj</strong> chekj uotkr o f'k'kqvksa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>s izHkkoh uflZax ns[kHkky iznku djus <strong>esa</strong> uflZax <strong>dk</strong>feZd <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

;ksX; ¼leFkZ½ cukukA<br />

y{; lewg<br />

lkekU; uflZax <strong>vkSj</strong> feMokbQjh <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek izkIr th ,u ,e@ch ,e<br />

lh uflZax ;k mlls vf/kd f'k{kk izkIr uflZax O;kolkf;d ¼vkj ,u<br />

vkj ,e½<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe :ijs[kk<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> fuEufyf[kr ikB~;Øe gSa%<br />

ikBÓØe d¨M ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

fl)kar<br />

ch-,u-,l--15 uotkr <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k'kq dh uflZax 4<br />

iz;ksxkRed ns[kÒky<br />

ch-,u-,l-,y--15 chekj uotkr <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k'kq <strong>dk</strong> 2<br />

iz;ksxkRed lesfdr çca/ku<br />

ch-,u-,l-,y--16 uotkr <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k'kq dh 8<br />

ns[kHkky <strong>esa</strong> uflZax O;ogkj <strong>vkSj</strong><br />

fØ;k&fof/k;k¡<br />

70 bXuw lkekU; foojf.k<strong>dk</strong><br />

dqy ?kaVs : ¼fl)kar % 120; 14<br />

iz;ksxkRed % 300½<br />

ØsfMV ¼fl)kar : 4; iz;ksx % 10½<br />

Nk= <strong>dk</strong>s izos'k ds fy, vkosnu i= ds lkFk <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 'kqYd tek<br />

djuk gSA<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.36 ekrk <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k'kq LokLF;<br />

ns[kHkky <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-,e-lh-,p-,u-½<br />

ekr` ,oa cky LokLF; ns[kHkky ufl±x <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki= <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 16<br />

ØsfMV <strong>dk</strong> ¼8 ØsfMV fl)kar <strong>vkSj</strong> 8 ØsfMV iz;ksxkRed½ <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe gS<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> bl<strong>esa</strong> 2 fl)kar <strong>vkSj</strong> ,d iz;ksxkRed ikB~;Øe gSaA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe ds mís';<br />

<br />

<br />

iztuu <strong>vkSj</strong> cky ns[kHkky <strong>esa</strong> LokLF; ns[kHkky iznku djus<br />

okyksa ds Kku <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>S'kyksa <strong>dk</strong>s v|ru djuk(<br />

LokLF; ns[kHkky iznku djus okyksa <strong>dk</strong>s ek¡ o cPps ds izHkkoh<br />

LokLF; ns[kHkky djus ;ksX; cukukA<br />

y{; lewg<br />

lHkh Jsf.k;ksa ds uflZax O;kolkf;d ¼vkj ,u vkj ,e½ ftuds ikl<br />

lkekU; uflZax <strong>vkSj</strong> feMokbQjh ¼th ,e ,e½ <strong>esa</strong> fMIyksek ;k blls<br />

vf/kd ;ksX;rk gSA LokLF; <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ ¼,Q½@,e ,u ,e@LokLF;<br />

i;Zos{kd efgyk@,y ,p oh@ih ,p ,uA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe dh lajpuk<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe <strong>esa</strong> fuEufyf[kr ikB~;Øe gSa%<br />

ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;Øe <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd ØsfMV<br />

fl)kar<br />

ch-,u-,l-&17 leqnk; LokLF; izca/k 4<br />

ch-,u-,l-&18 iztuu <strong>vkSj</strong> cky ns[kHkky 4<br />

iz;ksxkRed<br />

ch-,u-,l-&17 leqnk; LokLF; izca/ku 8<br />

ch-,u-,l-&18 iztuu <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k'kq LokLF; 8<br />

iz;ksxkRed<br />

ch-,u-,l-,y-&17 ekr` o f'k'kq ns[kHkky <strong>esa</strong> 8<br />

uflZax O;ogkj rFkk<br />

fØ;k&fof/k;k¡<br />

dqy ?kaVs % ¼fl)kar % 240( iz;ksxkRed % 240½ 480<br />

ØsfMV ¼fl)kar % 8( iz;ksxkRed % 8½ 16<br />

fo|kfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s vkosnu i= ds lkFk <strong>dk</strong>;ZØe 'kqYd <strong>dk</strong> Hkqxrku djuk<br />

gSA<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.37 lkeqnkf;d <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ ds fy,<br />

e/kqesg ns[kHkky <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-Mh-lh-MCY;w-½<br />

Lkkeqnkf;d <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZ ds fy, e/kqesg ns[kHkky <strong>esa</strong> izek.k&i= <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze<br />

LokLF; foKku] fo|kihB }kjk {ks=h; dsanz] xqokgkVh <strong>vkSj</strong> bafnjk xka/<br />

kh jk"Vªh; eqDr fo’ofo|ky;] iwoksZaRrj ,dd ds lg;ksx ls fodflr<br />

fd;k x;k gSA ;g izek.k&i= <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze e/kqesg Dyhfud] LokLF;<br />

dsUnzksa <strong>vkSj</strong> leqnk; Lrj ij <strong>dk</strong>;Z cy <strong>dk</strong> fuekZ.k djus ds fy,<br />

fodflr fd;k x;k gSA vFkok <strong>dk</strong>sbZ Hkh O;fDr tks e/kqesg ds jksxh <strong>dk</strong>s<br />

le>us <strong>vkSj</strong> ?kj ij mldh lgk;rk djus <strong>esa</strong> bPNqd gS bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze<br />

<strong>dk</strong> v/;;u dj ldrk gSa]<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds mn~ns’; %<br />

• e/kqesg egkekjh&foKku ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> tku<strong>dk</strong>jh iznku djuk A<br />

• e/kqesg ds fy, mRrjnk;h <strong>dk</strong>j<strong>dk</strong>sa dh le> iznku djukA<br />

• 'kjhj ds fofHkUu vaxksa ij e/kqesg ds izHkkoksa <strong>dk</strong> foLr`r Kku<br />

nsukA


• vkgkj] iSjksa dh ns[kHkky] us= ns[kHkky vkfn djus ds laca/k <strong>esa</strong><br />

jksx <strong>dk</strong> izca/ku djus ds fy, Kku <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>S’ky iznku djukA<br />

• f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s varo;fDr lapkj <strong>dk</strong>S’ky iznku djuk tks<br />

jksfx;ksa <strong>dk</strong>s euksoSKkufud :i ls LoLFk gksus <strong>esa</strong> lgk;d<br />

gksxkA<br />

y{; lewg % foKku ds lkFk 10$2<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>esa</strong> fl)kar <strong>vkSj</strong> O;kogkfjd nks ikB~;dze gSaA 120 ?kaVs ds<br />

'kSf{kd ijke’kZ <strong>l=</strong> <strong>esa</strong> Hkkx ysuk vfuok;Z gS % <strong>vkSj</strong> 150 ds ?kaVs dh<br />

Lo&xfrfof/k;ksa <strong>vkSj</strong> 150 ?kaVs dh i;Zos{kdh; xfrfof/k;ksa vfuok;Z gSa<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze dh lajpuk %<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd dszfMV<br />

lh,u,lMhlh 1<br />

lh,u,lMhlhih 2<br />

fl)kar&e/kqesg esfyVl<br />

dh ladYiuk <strong>vkSj</strong> gLr{ksi 4<br />

izSfDVdy&e/kqesg esfyVl<br />

ls lacaf/kr izfdz;k 10<br />

dqy 14<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.38 MÉßc +ÉÉvÉÉÉÊ®iÉ näJÉ£ÉÉãÉ |ÉnÉiÉÉ<br />

BÉEä ÉÊãÉA |ÉàÉÉhÉ{ÉjÉ<br />

¼lh-,p-ch-,p-lh-½<br />

MÉßc +ÉÉvÉÉÉÊ®iÉ näJÉ£ÉÉãÉ |ÉnÉiÉÉ BÉEä ÉÊãÉA |ÉàÉÉhÉ{ÉjÉ BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ 6<br />

àÉcÉÒxÉä BÉEÉ] 14 µÉEäÉÊb] <strong>dk</strong> BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ cè (lªÉÉä®ÉÒ 4 µÉEäÉÊb], |ÉèÉÎBÉD]BÉEãÉ<br />

10 µÉEäÉÊb])A ªÉc BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ 10 ´ÉÉÓ =kÉÉÒhÉÇ ÉÊ´ÉtÉÉÉÌlɪÉÉå BÉEä ÉÊãÉA cè*<br />

ªÉc BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ ¤ÉÖVÉÖMÉÉç +ÉÉè® ÉÊSÉ®BÉEÉÉÊãÉBÉE ¤ÉÉÒàÉÉ®ÉÒ ºÉä {ÉÉÒÉʽiÉ ãÉÉäMÉÉå<br />

BÉEÉÒ näJÉ£ÉÉãÉ BÉEä ÉÊãÉA näÉ àÉå +ÉɴɪÉBÉE BÉEÉèÉãÉ ºÉä {ÉÉÊ®{ÉÚhÉÇ BÉEɪÉÇ<br />

nãÉ BÉEÉ ÉÊxÉàÉÉÇhÉ BÉE®xÉä BÉEä ÉÊãÉA ÉÊ´ÉBÉEÉʺÉiÉ ÉÊBÉEªÉÉ MɪÉÉ cè* ªÉc<br />

BÉEɪÉǵÉEàÉ AäºÉä {ÉÉÊ®´ÉÉ® BÉEä ºÉnºªÉÉå +ÉÉè® ®ÉäÉÊMɪÉÉå BÉEÉÒ àÉnn BÉE®äMÉÉ VÉÉä<br />

ãÉƤÉä ºÉàÉªÉ ºÉä ¤ÉÉÒàÉÉ®ÉÒ A´ÉÆ ®ÉäMÉÉÒ BÉEÉÒ näJÉ£ÉÉãÉ BÉE®xÉä BÉEä iÉxÉÉ´É BÉEÉ<br />

ºÉÉàÉxÉÉ BÉE® ®cä cèa*


2-4-40 i;ZVu v/;;u <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-Vh-,l-½<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze <strong>dk</strong> mn~ns’; vki<strong>dk</strong>s i;ZVu ds fofHkUu igyqvksa ls ifjfpr<br />

djkuk] i;ZVu ds ckjs <strong>esa</strong> tkx:drk mRiUu djuk] i;ZVu lsok,a<br />

laxfBr djus <strong>esa</strong> cqfu;knh izf’k{k.k nsuk] dSfj;j ds volj miyC/<br />

k djkuk gSA bl<strong>esa</strong> vkB&vkB dzsfMVksa ds nks ikB~;dze gSaA<br />

ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong>sM ikB~;dze <strong>dk</strong> 'kh"kZd dzsfMV<br />

Vh-,l-&1 i;ZVu <strong>esa</strong> vk/kkj ikB~;dze 8<br />

Vh-,l-&2 i;ZVu fo<strong>dk</strong>l% mRikn] 8<br />

izpkyu <strong>vkSj</strong> dsl v/;;u<br />

dqy 16<br />

mn~ns'; %<br />

bl <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze ds fuEufyf[kr mn~ns'; gSa%<br />

¼d½ iapk;r Lrj ds <strong>dk</strong>;ZdrkZvksa <strong>dk</strong>s LFkkuh; yksdra= <strong>vkSj</strong> fodsUnzhd`r<br />

;kstuk <strong>dk</strong>s etcwr cukus ds fy, vko';d tku<strong>dk</strong>jh <strong>dk</strong>S'ky<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> izfrHkk iznku djukA<br />

¼[k½ pqus x, izfrfuf/k;ksa ds lkFk lg;ksxkRed <strong>vkSj</strong> lefUor rjhds<br />

ls <strong>dk</strong>;Z djus <strong>esa</strong> enn dnukA<br />

¼x½<br />

iapk;r ds }kjk O;fDr dh lgHkkfxrk <strong>dk</strong>s uohu n‘f”V<strong>dk</strong>s.k<br />

<strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>dk</strong>;Z ds ek/;e ls lqfo/kk iznku djukA<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;Zdze lajpuk<br />

fMIyksek <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze eas fuEufyf[kr ikap ikB~;dze gSaA izR;sd <strong>dk</strong>slZ<br />

<strong>esa</strong> Ng dzsfMV gSaA <strong>dk</strong>;Zdze dh foLr‘r lajpuk vuqyXud&1 <strong>esa</strong><br />

nh xbZ gSA<br />

<strong>2.</strong>4.41 Hkkstu ,oa iks"k.k <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki=<br />

¼lh-,Q-,u-½<br />

Hkkstu ,oa iks"k.k <strong>esa</strong> izek.ki= ewyr% lk{kj yksxksa ds fy, gSA ;g<br />

<strong>dk</strong>;ZØe mu yksxksa ds fy, gS] ftUgsa cqfu;knh rkSj ij i

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