theanatomyandphysiologylearningsystem4epdfdr-150930024720-lva1-app6891

Chapter 1 Introduction to the Human Body 11
Cranial
cavity
Ventral
cavity
Thoracic cavity
Abdominopelvic
cavity
Abdominal
cavity
Pelvic
cavity
Spinal
cavity
Dorsal
cavity
Epigastric
region
Right
hypochondriac
region
Right lumbar
region
Right iliac
region
Hypogastric
region
Left
hypochondriac
region
Umbilical
region
Left lumbar
region
Left iliac
region
Figure 1-7 The two major cavities in the body and their subdivisions.
Figure 1-9 Nine abdominopelvic regions formed by two sagittal
planes and two transverse planes.
To help describe the location of body organs or pain, health
care professionals frequently divide the abdominopelvic cavity
into regions using imaginary lines. One such method uses the
midsagittal plane and a transverse plane that passes through
the umbilicus. This divides the abdominopelvic area into four
quadrants, illustrated in Figure 1-8. Another system uses two
sagittal planes and two transverse planes to divide the abdominopelvic
area into the nine regions illustrated in Figure 1-9.
The three central regions are, from superior to inferior, the
epigastric (ep-ih-GAS-trik), umbilical (um-BIL-ih-kal), and
hypogastric (hye-poh-GAS-trik) regions. Lateral to these,
from superior to inferior, are the right and left hypochondriac
(hye-poh-KAHN-dree-ak), right and left lumbar, and
right and left iliac (ILL-ee-ak) or inguinal (IN-gwih-nal)
regions.
Right upper
quadrant
Right lower
quadrant
Left upper
quadrant
Left lower
quadrant
Regions of the Body
The body may be divided into the axial (AK-see-al) portion,
which consists of the head, neck, and trunk, and the
appendicular (ap-pen-DIK-yoo-lar) portion, which consists
of the limbs. The trunk, or torso, includes the thorax, abdomen,
and pelvis. In addition to these terms and the nine
abdominopelvic regions identified in the previous section,
there are numerous other terms that apply to specific body
areas. Some of these are listed in Table 1-1 and are identified
in Figure 1-10.
Figure 1-8 Abdominopelvic quadrants that are formed by a
midsagittal plane and a transverse plane through the umbilicus.
Quick Check
1.7 If the blood glucose level increases above normal, which
is more likely to return it to normal: a positive feedback
mechanism or a negative feedback mechanism?
1.8 Which of the body planes would not intersect the
hypochondriac and epigastric regions at the same time?
1.9 Where would you expect the popliteal fossa to be
located?