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1991 wlis dekemberSi dawyebuli<br />
da 1992 wlis ianvarSi gadasuli politikuri samxedro konfliqti<br />
saqarTveloSi 1991-1993 wlebSi. omi dasrulda put-<br />
Cistebis gamarjvebiT, saqarTvelos kanonieri xelisuflebis<br />
damxobiT da saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis, zviad gam-<br />
saxurdias saqarTvelodan gandevniT. igi jer somxeTSi gada-<br />
vida, magram devnili prezidentis somxeTSi armiRebis Semdeg<br />
man CeCneTs Seafara Tavi.<br />
samoqalaqo omis<br />
winapirobebi<br />
1991 wlis 31 marts gaimarTa<br />
referendumi damoukideblobasTan<br />
dakavSirebiT, romlis<br />
monawileebis 97% saqarTvelos<br />
damoukideblobas daTanxmda.<br />
imave wlis 9 aprils ki, 1918<br />
wlis konstituciis safuZvelze,<br />
saqarTvelo damoukidebel<br />
saxelmwifod gamocxadda. am<br />
movlenebis paralelurad ruseTma<br />
moaxerxa dsT-s (damoukidebel<br />
saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobroba)<br />
Seqmna. 1991 wlis 21<br />
dekembers yazaxeTSi dsT-s pirveli<br />
samiti gaimarTa, sadac ukve<br />
11 saxelmwifo iyo gaerTianebuli;<br />
Tumca saqarTvelo myarad<br />
idga Tavis poziciaze da ar<br />
apirebda aRniSnul organizaciaSi<br />
gawevrianebas, rac ewinaa-<br />
Rmdegeboda ruseTis ideebs.<br />
mas am organizaciis SeqmniT,<br />
praqtikulad, surda, rom gavlena<br />
ar daekarga yofili ssrks<br />
wevr qveynebze. ruseTma moaxerxa<br />
areulobis Seqmna qveyana-<br />
Si da 22 dekembers TbilisSi<br />
daiwyo „saxalxo ajanyeba”, ufro<br />
sworad, saxelmwifo gadatrialeba.<br />
am yvelaferma ki mxolod<br />
saqarTvelo daazarala,<br />
rac daRupuli jariskacebiT<br />
da dangreuli infrastruqturiT<br />
gamoixata.<br />
movlenebs maSindeli uzenaesi<br />
sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgile,<br />
nemo burWulaZe, ase ig-<br />
onebs:<br />
„1991-92 wlebis movlenebi<br />
samoqalaqo ki ara, ruseT-saqarTvelos<br />
omi iyo. 22 dekembers<br />
imitom isroles, rom wina dRes<br />
msoflio rukidan sabWoTa kav-<br />
Siri gaqra. es gadawyvetileba<br />
alma-aTis Sexvedraze miiRes,<br />
romelsac 11 respublikis prezidenti<br />
eswreboda. saqarTvelos<br />
me da guram absanZe warmovadgendiT.<br />
21 dekembers, sabWo-<br />
Ta kavSiris daSlisTanave, Seiqmna<br />
dsT, mxolod saqarTvelom<br />
Tqva uari dsT-Si Sesvlaze.<br />
yazaxeTidan gamomgzavrebis<br />
win elcinma gviTxra, _ dilis<br />
8 saaTamde gamsaxurdias<br />
zars velodebi, Tu arada, problemebi<br />
SegeqmnebaTo. 22 dekembers<br />
gamTeniisas davbrundiT<br />
TbilisSi da daiwyo kidec<br />
SeiaraRebuli dapirispireba.<br />
bevri maTgani, vinc xelisuflebas<br />
aujanyda, misda uneburad,<br />
ise, rom arc icoda, ruseTis<br />
jariskacad iqca”.<br />
32<br />
gela mamulaSvili<br />
omis Sedegebi<br />
omi ajanyebulebis gamarjvebiT<br />
dasrulda, qveynis marTva<br />
ki „samxedro sabWom” Caibara.<br />
maT mainc ver<br />
moaxerxes qveyanaSi<br />
wesrigis<br />
damyareba da<br />
294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com<br />
1992 wlis martSi<br />
moskovidan<br />
eduard SevardnaZe moiwvies.<br />
Tumca qveyanaSi am dros ukve<br />
dawyebuli iyo Seuqcevadi procesebi<br />
separatistulad ganwyobil<br />
ZalebSi, romlebsac ruseTic<br />
uwyobda xels da moxda<br />
afxazeTisa da samaCablos saqarTvelodan<br />
gamoyofa”, _ vkiTxulobT<br />
Tvisufal vikipediaSi.<br />
am Temaze „qronika+~ politolog<br />
gia xuxaSvils esaubre-<br />
ba:<br />
_ batono gia, dRevandeli<br />
gadasaxedidan, ra Sedegebi<br />
moitana 1992-93 wlebis (deke-<br />
mber-ianvari) samoqalaqo omma,<br />
ra Secvala Cveni sazogadoeb-<br />
is cxovrebaSi?<br />
nemo burWulaZe<br />
gia xuxaSvili:<br />
`uaxles<br />
istoriaSi<br />
verafriT<br />
davikvexniT,<br />
erT mankier<br />
wreze<br />
vtrialebT~<br />
`erTaderTi, visac realuri mcdeloba<br />
hqonda, rom erovnuli ideis<br />
realizeba moexdina, saakaSvili iyo~<br />
_ samwuxarod, uaxles istoriaSi<br />
verafriT davikvexniT.<br />
TiTqos raRac erT mankier wreze<br />
vtrialebT. yvelaferi didi<br />
imedebiT iwyeba, mere aseTive<br />
imedgacruebiT mTavrdeba da es<br />
cikli ukve ramdenjerme gaviareT.<br />
isev orad gaxleCili sazogadoeba,<br />
mudmivi dapirispireba,<br />
moqmedi xelisuflebis<br />
mxridan yvela ubedurebis wina<br />
xelisuflebaze gadabraleba da<br />
a. S. rom giTxraT, am mxriv rame<br />
principulad Seicvalao, ase<br />
namdvilad ar aris.<br />
ubralod, am periodSi movaxerxeT<br />
da saxelmwifo institutebi,<br />
met-naklebad, avaSeneT.<br />
Tumca am institutebSi politizebis<br />
xarisxi dResac maRalia.<br />
realur, xelSesaxeb Sedegze<br />
Tu gvsurs saubari, am periodSi<br />
ekonomika, ZiriTadad,<br />
Crdilidan gamovida, sajaro<br />
seqtori naklebad korumpirebulia<br />
da igive Zalovani sistema,<br />
patrulis nawilSi, met-naklebad,<br />
normalurad muSaobs.<br />
xazs vusvam _ patrulis nawil-<br />
Si da ara kriminaluri policiisa<br />
da sxva nawilSi, sadac seriozuli<br />
problemebi jer<br />
kidev aris.<br />
_ aRniSneT, rom erTsa da<br />
imave wreze vtrialebT, jer<br />
xelisuflebis maqsimaluri mxardaWera<br />
da mere imedgacrue-<br />
baa, amis mizezebs sad xedavT?<br />
_ mizezi SeiZleba Tavad sazogadoebaSic<br />
aris, radgan Cven<br />
yovel ciklSi axal mesias ve-<br />
ZebT morigi imedgacruebis Semdeg<br />
da mere viZinebT. anu xelisufleba<br />
mudmivi kontrolis<br />
qveS ar gvyavs. realurad, xelisufleba<br />
Cven ise ar dagvisjia,<br />
rom Semdegs Wkua eswavla.<br />
mudmivad aseT situaciaSi<br />
vimyofebiT.<br />
Sesabamisad,<br />
problema<br />
ara marto<br />
im adamianebSia,<br />
romlebic arakeTilsindisieri<br />
miznebiT modian, gvatyueben da<br />
iluziebs gviqmnian raRac uke-<br />
Tesi momavlis, aramed problema<br />
CvenSicaa, radgan Cvenc midrekilni<br />
varT, rom Tavi movityuoT,<br />
mere vbrazdebiT da a. S.<br />
rogorc Cans, yvela Cvengan-<br />
Sia is problema Cabudebuli,<br />
romelic aqedan gamosvlis sa-<br />
Sualebas ar gvaZlevs.<br />
_ samoqalaqo omma ramdenad<br />
ukan dagvxia?<br />
_ seriozulad ukan dagvxia,<br />
radgan, faqtobrivad, saqarTvelos<br />
istoriaSi is tragikuli<br />
furceli iyo, rodesac sazogadoeba<br />
or nawilad gaixliCa da<br />
es didi dapirispireba daiwyo.<br />
SemdgomSi, ra Tqma unda, konfiguraciebi,<br />
ufro sworad,<br />
socialuri jgufebi icvleboda,<br />
magram es dapirispirebis<br />
tonaloba mTel uaxles istorias<br />
mTavar laitmotivad gasdevs.<br />
anu yvela cikli am negatiuri<br />
niSniT, aseTi dapirispirebis<br />
xaziT mimdinareobs.<br />
eris gamaerTianebeli, Semkvreli<br />
idea, rac qveyanas ganvi-<br />
Tarebis, am mankieri wridan gamosvlis<br />
saSualebas miscemda,<br />
aravis SemouTavazebia. yvela<br />
mxolod iluzias sTavazobda.<br />
am dros imisTvis, rom ganvvi-<br />
TardeT, Cven es gaerTianeba<br />
gvWirdeba da amis nacvlad ki<br />
vxedavT, rac xdeba.<br />
ki batono, gasagebia, rom<br />
yvela xelisufleba aSavebda.<br />
igive dRevandeli premier-ministri<br />
kvirikaSvili rom aviRoT,<br />
romelic, TiTqos, siyvarulsa<br />
da gamTlianebaze laparakobda,<br />
mas sinamdvileSi, gul-<br />
Si erTi didi gineba hqonia Cadebuli<br />
da aman amoxeTqa kidevac.<br />
anu isev im tonalobaSi<br />
midis yvelaferi.<br />
am mxriv, araferi icvleba da<br />
ase viqnebiT, sanam iseTi politikuri<br />
Zala ar gamoCndeba, romelic<br />
axal nacionalur, masStabur<br />
ideas ar SesTavazebs<br />
sazogadoebas; rac yvelasTvis<br />
erTi iqneba da ris irgvlivac<br />
mTeli qarTuli sazogadoeba<br />
SeTanxmdeba: rom ki batono,<br />
diskusia, kamaTi es yvelaferi<br />
gasagebia, magram Cven raRac<br />
gvaerTianebs. ai, aseTi raRac<br />
aravis SeuTavazebia da, Sesabamisad,<br />
Cven dResac iq varT, sadac<br />
varT.<br />
_ ratom ar gvTavazobdnen<br />
am gamaerTianebel ideas da<br />
dRes es yvelaferi ras unda<br />
efuZnebodes?<br />
_ masStabi ar aqvT, Cveni politikuri<br />
elita Rrma krizis-<br />
`saakaSvils Sewyalebis saqmeze asamarTleben da<br />
am saqmis pirdapiri nawilia murusiZis mier im<br />
adamianebis Sewyalebis momzadeba. imas<br />
vgulisxmob, rom murusiZes maTTvis es sasjelis<br />
vadebi rom ar Seemcirebina, saakaSvils<br />
kanonieri safuZveli ar eqneboda maTi<br />
SewyalebisTvis. anu es safuZveli murusiZem<br />
Seqmna. Sesabamisad, Tu rame danaSauli iyo,<br />
murusiZe aRniSnuli danaSaulis<br />
Tanamonawilea. dRes ki, saerTod, sistemis<br />
mayureblad daniSnes~<br />
32 N1 (222) 23.01-29.01.2018 w.
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