Kernefysik - matematikfysik

© Erik Vestergaard – www.matematikfysik.dk 3
Indholdsfortegnelse
Kernefysik ........................................................................................................................ 5
1. Facts om kernen i atomet .......................................................................................... 5
2. Gammastråling og energiniveauer i kernen .............................................................. 7
3. Betastråling ............................................................................................................... 8
4. Alfastråling ............................................................................................................... 9
5. Andre typer stråling .................................................................................................. 9
6. Brug af kernekort .................................................................................................... 10
7. Hastigheder ............................................................................................................. 11
8. Henfaldsloven ......................................................................................................... 12
9. To modeller for radioaktive henfald ....................................................................... 18
10. Tællestatistik ......................................................................................................... 19
11. Forsøg: Radioaktivt henfald af barium ................................................................. 21
12. Datering ved hjælp af kulstof-14-metoden ........................................................... 25
13. Absorption af radioaktiv stråling .......................................................................... 26
14. Absorptionsloven for gammastråling ................................................................... 30
15. Forsøg: Absorption af gammastråling i vand ....................................................... 32
16. Baggrundsstråling ................................................................................................. 33
17. Dosimetri .............................................................................................................. 35
18. Afstandskvadratloven ........................................................................................... 37
19. Forholdsregler mod bestråling .............................................................................. 38
20. Fission og fusion ................................................................................................... 39
Opgaver .......................................................................................................................... 47