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Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification for the ...

Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification for the ...

Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification for the ...

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WENIGER ANZEIGEN

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<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Vortrag anlässlich des Geodata – Kolloquiums des Geokompetenzzentrum Freiberg<br />

vom 31.05. – 01.06.2006 in Jena<br />

Autoren: Dipl.-Ing.agr. Ch. Scheibert; JENA-GEOS-Ingenieurbüro GmbH, Jena<br />

Dipl.-Geogr. J. Sommer, Jena


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Vortragsgliederung:<br />

1. Einführung<br />

2. L<strong>and</strong>eskundliche Angaben<br />

3. Projektinhalte<br />

4. Geodaten<br />

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes<br />

2


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Vortragsgliederung:<br />

1. Einführung<br />

2. L<strong>and</strong>eskundliche Angaben<br />

3. Projektinhalte<br />

4. Geodaten<br />

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes<br />

4


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

6


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

7


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Vortragsgliederung:<br />

1. Einführung<br />

2. L<strong>and</strong>eskundliche Angaben<br />

3. Projektinhalte<br />

4. Geodaten<br />

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes<br />

8


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Die Bearbeitung des Projektes von 2002 bis 2005 gliederte sich im<br />

wesentlichen in 4 Hauptbearbeitungsphasen:<br />

Phase 1: L<strong>and</strong>esweite Kartierung im Raster von 2,5 x 2,5 km ( ca. 1800<br />

Bodenaufschlüsse )<br />

Phase 2: Kartierung aller etwa 1150 Farmgebiete mit jeweils 4 – 5 Aufschlüssen<br />

Phase 3: Detaillierte Kartierung von potenziell für die L<strong>and</strong>wirtschaft nutzbaren Böden<br />

Phase 4: Errichtung eines GIS-basierten L<strong>and</strong>in<strong>for</strong>mationssystems und Anfertigung<br />

eines Bodenatlanten für das Emirat Qatar<br />

9


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Hauptinhalte des Projektes:<br />

Datensammlung durch Recherche und Feldbegehungen<br />

Auswertung von Satellitenbilddaten<br />

Bodenkarten entsprechend der USDA <strong>Soil</strong> Taxonomy verschiedener Maßstabsebenen<br />

L<strong>and</strong>nutzungskarten verschiedener Maßstabsebenen<br />

Karten der L<strong>and</strong>degradation verschiedener Maßstabsebenen<br />

Karten der L<strong>and</strong>nutzbarkeit gemäß FAO Guidelines <strong>for</strong> L<strong>and</strong> Evaluation<br />

Aufbau einer Geodatenbank<br />

Training und Ausbildung lokaler Fachkräfte<br />

laufende Erstellung von Berichten (vierteljährlich, jährlich, Phasenabschluss, Endbericht)<br />

Seminare und Präsentationen<br />

Zusammenstellung aller Ergebnisse im Atlas der Böden des Staates Qatar<br />

10


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Vortragsgliederung:<br />

1. Einführung<br />

2. L<strong>and</strong>eskundliche Angaben<br />

3. Projektinhalte<br />

4. Geodaten<br />

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes


Auswahl der im Projekt genutzten Daten:<br />

St<strong>and</strong>ortdaten aus<br />

Geländeaufnahme<br />

Profildaten aus<br />

Geländeaufnahme<br />

Aggregierte Daten<br />

Labordaten<br />

Projektdaten<br />

(Auswahl)<br />

Geländetopographie<br />

Literaturdaten<br />

(Pflanzenansprüche)<br />

L<strong>and</strong>esdaten zu<br />

Infrastruktur / Nutzung<br />

Luft- und<br />

Satellitenbilddaten<br />

12


Im Gelände erhobene Daten – I (St<strong>and</strong>ortdaten)<br />

13


Im Gelände erhobene Daten – II (Profildaten)<br />

14


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Map <strong>and</strong> Legend Development<br />

Tentative <strong>Soil</strong> Unit Map<br />

Reconnaissance surveys<br />

Test transects<br />

Grid mapping<br />

1st Draft Legend<br />

Steadily fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />

development of Draft<br />

Legend<br />

Laboratory results<br />

Verification of soil<br />

classification<br />

Phase One Legend of <strong>Soil</strong> Mapping units


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

2. Map <strong>and</strong> Legend Development<br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Map <strong>and</strong> Legend Development<br />

Reconnaissance <strong>Soil</strong> Map on a<br />

scale of 1:100,000<br />

Tentative <strong>Soil</strong> Unit Map<br />

Topographic Maps on a scale of<br />

1 : 50,000<br />

Reconnaissance soil survey<br />

Test – Transects<br />

Transects<br />

2.5 km Grid mapping<br />

LANDSAT scenes<br />

Geological Reconnaissance<br />

Map<br />

Draft <strong>Soil</strong> Unit Map<br />

Laboratory analysis<br />

Phase One <strong>Soil</strong> Unit Map<br />

16


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Dr. Schramm (JENA-GEOS)<br />

explaining petrographic features<br />

in <strong>the</strong> scope of Geological<br />

Reconnaissance Survey, May<br />

2003


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Photos <strong>for</strong> Chapter 1<br />

Dr. Schönbuchner (JENA-GEOS)<br />

describing site <strong>and</strong> profile<br />

characteristics, June 2003


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Systematics<br />

The categories of USDA <strong>Soil</strong> Taxonomy<br />

Series (optional)<br />

Families (optional)<br />

Subgroups (more than 2,400)<br />

Great Groups (more than 300)<br />

Suborders (64 in this category)<br />

Orders (12 in this category)


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Systematics<br />

<strong>Classification</strong> of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong>s of Qatar after finishing Phase One<br />

2 Orders: Aridisols <strong>and</strong> Entisols<br />

7 Suborders: Aridisols: Salids, Gypsids, Calcids <strong>and</strong><br />

Cambids<br />

Entisols: Aquents, Psamments, Or<strong>the</strong>nts<br />

14 Great Groups: Aqui- & Haplosalids<br />

Petro- , Calci- & Haplogypsids<br />

Petro- & Haplocalcids<br />

Haplo- & Aquicambid<br />

Psamm- & Epiaquents<br />

34 Subgroups: (e.g. Typic-, Calcic-, Lithic-, Petronodic- etc.)


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Systematics – Examples <strong>for</strong> soil types<br />

Profile number: 40606<br />

Survey:<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> type:<br />

Reference profile<br />

Typic Haplocalcid<br />

Position: E: 207500 / N: 415 000<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Mapping unit:Haplocalcids<br />

Geology:<br />

Horizons:<br />

Vegetation:<br />

Topography:<br />

Rodah<br />

A / Bw / Bk<br />

Barren (s<strong>and</strong> & gravel)<br />

Flat Rodah


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Systematics – Examples <strong>for</strong> soil types<br />

Profile number: 40623<br />

Survey:<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> type:<br />

Reference profile<br />

Typic Torripsamment<br />

Position: E: 162 500 / N: 415 000<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Mapping unit:Typic Torripsamments<br />

Geology:<br />

Horizons:<br />

Vegetation:<br />

Topography:<br />

Pleist. to holoc. marine sediments<br />

A / Bw / Bkw / CBk<br />

Barren (s<strong>and</strong> & gravel)<br />

Flat coastal plain


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Systematics – Examples <strong>for</strong> soil types<br />

Profile number: 40723<br />

Survey:<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> type:<br />

Reference profile<br />

Lithic Haplocalcid<br />

Position: E: 215000 / N: 405000<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Mapping unit:Lithic Haplocalcids<br />

Geology:<br />

Horizons:<br />

Vegetation:<br />

Topography:<br />

Upper Damman (Simsima)<br />

A / Bk / C+Bk / Cr<br />

Barren (s<strong>and</strong> & gravel)<br />

Almost flat plain


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Descriptive Statistics - Field Survey 2 [Grid]<br />

80<br />

70<br />

60<br />

CaCO3 in [%]<br />

50<br />

40<br />

± St<strong>and</strong>ard deviation<br />

30<br />

20<br />

10<br />

0<br />

1113[1]<br />

1113[2]<br />

12[1]<br />

1213[1]<br />

1213[2]<br />

1221[1]<br />

1234[1]<br />

13[1]<br />

13[2]<br />

132[1]<br />

132[2]<br />

1321[1]<br />

1321[2]<br />

1321[3]<br />

2112[1]<br />

2212[1]<br />

2212[2]<br />

2212[3]<br />

2311[1]<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> mapping unit


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Descriptive Statistics<br />

40<br />

35<br />

30<br />

Gypsum in [%]<br />

25<br />

20<br />

± St<strong>and</strong>ard deviation<br />

15<br />

10<br />

5<br />

0<br />

1113[1]<br />

1113[2]<br />

12[1]<br />

1213[1]<br />

1213[2]<br />

1221[1]<br />

1234[1]<br />

13[1]<br />

13[2]<br />

132[1]<br />

132[2]<br />

1321[1]<br />

1321[2]<br />

1321[3]<br />

2112[1]<br />

2212[1]<br />

2212[2]<br />

2212[3]<br />

2311[1]<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> mapping unit


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Descriptive Statistics - Field Survey 2 [Grid]<br />

10<br />

9<br />

8<br />

7<br />

6<br />

pH<br />

5<br />

± St<strong>and</strong>ard deviation<br />

4<br />

3<br />

2<br />

1<br />

0<br />

1113[1]<br />

1113[2]<br />

12[1]<br />

1213[1]<br />

1213[2]<br />

1221[1]<br />

1234[1]<br />

13[1]<br />

13[2]<br />

132[1]<br />

132[2]<br />

1321[1]<br />

1321[2]<br />

1321[3]<br />

2112[1]<br />

2212[1]<br />

2212[2]<br />

2212[3]<br />

2311[1]<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> mapping unit


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Descriptive Statistics<br />

100<br />

90<br />

80<br />

70<br />

EC in [mmhos/ cm]<br />

60<br />

50<br />

40<br />

± St<strong>and</strong>ard deviation<br />

30<br />

20<br />

10<br />

0<br />

1113[1]<br />

1113[2]<br />

12[1]<br />

1213[1]<br />

1213[2]<br />

1221[1]<br />

1234[1]<br />

13[1]<br />

13[2]<br />

132[1]<br />

132[2]<br />

1321[1]<br />

1321[2]<br />

1321[3]<br />

2112[1]<br />

2212[1]<br />

2212[2]<br />

2212[3]<br />

2311[1]<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> mapping unit


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Descriptive Statistics - Field Survey 2 - [Grid]<br />

20<br />

18<br />

Clay <strong>for</strong> Particle Size Control Section in [%]<br />

16<br />

14<br />

12<br />

10<br />

8<br />

6<br />

± St<strong>and</strong>ard deviation<br />

4<br />

2<br />

0<br />

1113[1]<br />

1113[2]<br />

12[1]<br />

1213[1]<br />

1213[2]<br />

1221[1]<br />

1234[1]<br />

13[1]<br />

13[2]<br />

132[1]<br />

132[2]<br />

1321[1]<br />

1321[2]<br />

1321[3]<br />

2112[1]<br />

2212[1]<br />

2212[2]<br />

2212[3]<br />

2311[1]<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> mapping unit


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Satellitenbilddaten:<br />

Scene In<strong>for</strong>mation<br />

Sensor: L<strong>and</strong>sat 7 ETM +<br />

Acquisition date: 15th <strong>and</strong> 22nd January 2002<br />

Full scene: Path 162 | Row 043<br />

Floating scene-two scenes: Path 163 | Row 041 - 044<br />

Sensor In<strong>for</strong>mation<br />

Panchromatic mode:<br />

Multispectral mode:<br />

Thermal mode:<br />

15 m ground resolution<br />

30 m ground resolution<br />

60 m ground resolution<br />

29


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Remote Sensing<br />

Acquiring of three scenes L<strong>and</strong>sat 7<br />

ETM+ from <strong>the</strong> USGS from <strong>the</strong> 15th <strong>and</strong><br />

22nd January 2002<br />

Path-Row: 163-42, 163-43 <strong>and</strong> 162-43<br />

Importing to DI-Software<br />

Procecssing of all scenes <strong>and</strong><br />

mosaicing to one image<br />

Geodetic Trans<strong>for</strong>mation:<br />

Geographic <strong>Project</strong>ion from UTM Zone<br />

39 N to Qatar National Grid (QNG)<br />

Datum from WGS 84 to Qatar National<br />

Datum


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Verfahren der Satellitenbildauswertung<br />

Remote Sensing <strong>and</strong><br />

Ground Reference<br />

Data<br />

Technical treatment<br />

<strong>and</strong> In<strong>for</strong>mation<br />

extraction<br />

Error Evaluation <strong>and</strong><br />

Product presentation<br />

Satellite data<br />

•L<strong>and</strong>sat-7 ETM+<br />

Ancillary data<br />

•GIS Data<br />

•Reports<br />

•Spectral libraries<br />

•DEM<br />

•Aerial photos<br />

Image processing<br />

•Mosaicing<br />

•Radiometric <strong>and</strong><br />

geometric correction<br />

•Appropriate image<br />

classification algorithm<br />

In<strong>for</strong>mation extraction<br />

•Ground truth data<br />

•Extracting in<strong>for</strong>mation<br />

from training sites<br />

Error assessment<br />

•A posteriori knowledge<br />

of project area<br />

•Statistical analysis of<br />

classification results<br />

•Error reporting<br />

Thematic map products<br />

•Digital products<br />

•Hard copy products<br />

31


Titel<br />

Ableitung der L<strong>and</strong> Cover nach LCCS der FAO:<br />

32


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Ableitung der L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> map unter Einbeziehung<br />

zusätzlicher Daten:<br />

Industriegebiete<br />

Siedlungen (getrennt nach Stadt, Vorort, Dorf)<br />

Farmen<br />

Infrastruktur<br />

Wüstungen<br />

überstaute Flächen<br />

33


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Ableitung der L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> map unter Einbeziehung<br />

zusätzlicher L<strong>and</strong>esdaten:<br />

34


Typen der L<strong>and</strong> Degradation nach LADA<br />

Type of l<strong>and</strong> degradation Abbreviation Consideration within Phase One activities <strong>for</strong> assessment<br />

l<strong>and</strong> degradation in <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Water erosion W<br />

Loss of topsoil / surface erosion Wt Important, has to be considered<br />

Gully erosion / gullying Wg Only few places with gully erosion, not considered<br />

Mass movements Wm Not observed<br />

Coastal erosion Wc Not observed<br />

Riverbank erosion Wr Not applicable, because <strong>the</strong>re are no rivers<br />

Offsite degradation effects Wo Important, has to be considered<br />

Wind erosion E<br />

Loss of topsoil Et Important, has to be considered<br />

Deflation <strong>and</strong> Deposition Ed Its considered within Et – loss of topsoil<br />

Offsite degradation effects Eo Important, has to be considered<br />

Chemical deterioration C<br />

Fertility decline <strong>and</strong> reduced organic matter<br />

Cn<br />

Important, has to be considered<br />

content<br />

acidification Ca Not applicable because of <strong>the</strong> high CaCO 3<br />

content<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> pollution Cp Important, has to be considered<br />

Salinisation / alkalinisation Cs Important, has to be considered<br />

Physical deterioration P<br />

Compaction Pc Important, has to be considered<br />

Sealing <strong>and</strong> crusting Pk Important, has to be considered<br />

Waterlogging Pw Not observed<br />

Subsidence of organic soils, settling of soils Ps Not applicable, because <strong>the</strong>re are no organic soils<br />

Loss of bio-productive function due to o<strong>the</strong>r<br />

Pu<br />

Important, has to be considered<br />

activities (eg construction, mining etc.)<br />

Aridification / soil moisture problems Pa Not observed<br />

35


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Ableitung der L<strong>and</strong> Degradation Class:<br />

36


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

L<strong>and</strong> Degradation Map & Legend<br />

L<strong>and</strong> Degradation effects according to <strong>the</strong> l<strong>and</strong> degradation scala is:<br />

Strong below average is 21,585 ha (1.9 %)<br />

Moderate below average is 279,793 ha (24.3%)<br />

Slight below average is 80278 ha (7%)<br />

Slight above average is 569,436 ha (49.5%)<br />

Moderate above average is 27,517 ha (2.4%)<br />

Strong above average is 46513 ha (7.3%)


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

<strong>Project</strong> GIS I<br />

Geodatabase based on MS-Access<br />

Database principle: RDBMS<br />

Importing master lists to MS-Access tables<br />

Check <strong>for</strong> consistency <strong>and</strong> updating in<strong>for</strong>mation<br />

Definition of field types of entities <strong>and</strong> attributes<br />

Setting relationships between master tables resp. selection of<br />

tables<br />

Creation of <strong>the</strong> general outlook of <strong>the</strong> Geodatabase <strong>and</strong> its<br />

components (mask <strong>and</strong> <strong>for</strong>ms <strong>for</strong> later data entry through intranet/<br />

internet)<br />

Integration of functions to o<strong>the</strong>r applications


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

<strong>Project</strong> GIS II<br />

Entry mask<br />

Starting Menu<br />

Intranet/ Internet <strong>for</strong>m


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

0. Main Contents<br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Vortragsgliederung:<br />

1. Einführung<br />

2. L<strong>and</strong>eskundliche Angaben<br />

3. Projektinhalte<br />

4. Geodaten<br />

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des<br />

Marktes<br />

40


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Wichtigste Erfahrungen in Bezug auf Management von Geodaten:<br />

Arc View genießt weltweite Akzeptanz und Verbreitung<br />

Anwendung von GIS (Arc View) ist beispielsweise in Qatar viel stärker verbreitet<br />

Wert von Geodaten ist den Auftraggebern sehr bewusst<br />

Die Lagerung und Verarbeitung der Daten mit MS ACCESS führte im Projekt an die<br />

Grenzen der H<strong>and</strong>habbarkeit<br />

Internationale Kartierungs- und Auswertungsalgorithmen (USDA, FAO) sind sehr stark auf<br />

die statistische Auswertung von Geodaten ausgerichtet<br />

die Anwendung solcher Auswertungsroutinen beinhaltet ein großes Betätigungsfeld auf<br />

dem internationalen Markt<br />

speziell am Beispiel Qatar ist der große Nutzen solcher Projekte gut darzustellen<br />

41


<strong>Project</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Classification</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>Specification</strong><br />

<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> State of Qatar<br />

Titel<br />

Wichtigste Erfahrungen im neuen Markt Mittlerer Osten:<br />

International bietet sich ein großer Markt für geowissenschaftlich arbeitende Unternehmen<br />

Eine externe (interkulturelle) Beratung bietet große Vorteile.<br />

Eine dauerhafte Präsenz vor Ort und ständige Kommunikation mit dem AG ist notwendig.<br />

Die Absicherung des Währungsrisikos bleibt beim AN hängen.<br />

Große Sorgfalt bei der Auswahl der lokalen Partner ist dringend notwendig.<br />

Ausreichende finanzielle Reserven des Unternehmens sind unverzichtbar.<br />

Fazit: Große Chancen und große Risiken<br />

42


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