ECHONews - SOCON Sonar Control Kavernenvermessung GmbH

Operations were started in the Holford
gas storage in November 2011. It was
possible from the end of June 2012 to implement
and test the NomiX system together
with the surface and underground
components of the CavBase Gas Storage
software. The first comparisons between
the measured values and the simulation
results have already been made and are
presented here. As cavern simulation
using CavBase Gas Storage has already
been described in detail at previous
SMRI meetings [2], [3], we have in this
paper restricted ourselves to a presentation
of the results of the surface calculations
and the measured operational data Fig. 2: Simulation and modeling of the underground an above ground facilities by CavBase Gas
Fig. 2: Simulation and modeling of the underground and above ground facilities by CavBase Gas Storage
Storage integrated in NomiX (Fig. 1)
(gas pressures, temperatures, energies) integrated in NomiX (Fig. 1).
vern is lower than the defined transmis- combination of values must be found
Operations were started in the Holford gas storage in November 2011. It was possible from the end of
Due to the short operation time and sion pipeline pressure during withdrawal. for the compressor usage. If (Δh , q ) is
June 2012 to implement and test the NomiX system together with the surface and underground
s b
therefore a small amount of operational components During injection of the CavBase and withdrawal Gas Storage the software. cha- The outside first comparisons the reference between field the measured number values of
and the simulation results have already been made and are presented here. As cavern simulation using
data available the software has not yet
CavBase
racteristic
Gas Storage
behaviour
has already
of the
been
compressor
described in
compressors
detail at previous
is
SMRI
increased
meetings
or the
[2],
bounda-
[3], we have
been optimised and calibrated. Further- in this [4] must paper be restricted taken ourselves into consideration. to a presentation of ry the of the results field of is the searched surface calculations (by increasing and the
measured operational data (gas pressures, temperatures, energies)
more the following presentation of the
the Δp across the compressor through
results acquired till now should therefore Due The to the behaviour short operation is defined time and by therefore a reference a small the amount discharge of operational throttling data available valve or the incre- software
has not During yet been injection optimised and calibrated. withdrawal Furthermore the characteristic the following presentation behaviour of the of results the acquired compresso
be considered in light of these aspects. till now field. should With therefore the reference be considered field in the light isen- of these asing aspects. flow through the compressor by
consideration.
tropic degree of efficiency can be taken opening the recycling valve). Additional
Main components of the above ground facilities
Main components of the from The the behaviour operating is flow defined volume by a q reference and compressors field. With can the decrease reference the operating field the isentrop
b
above ground facilities Pipeline the can isentropic network be taken enthalpy from difference the operating Δh flow flow volume volume q b and through the isentropic each compressor enthalpy differ
s
The pressure and temperature losses are calculated using a modified Darcy-Weisbach equation. To
calculate the factors affecting the volume flow, which and is significant can lead especially to a new for position the dimensioning in the reof
the
Pipeline network
pipelines (given the volume flow, and looking for the
ference
input and
field.
output pressure),the Darcy-Weisbach
equation can be converted using the Bernoulli and general gas equation. The temperatures are estimated
The pressure and temperature losses using the Joule-Thomson coefficients.
are calculated using a modified Darcy-
4. The coupling power can be calcula-
The compressors
Weisbach equation. To calculate the fac- The compressor may be necessary to raise the pressure ted with level the so results as to enable of step the 3. injection It must and
withdrawal process to be performed. This is the case when the pressure in the cavern is too high during
tors affecting the volume flow, which is
be taken into account that the coupling
injection or when the pressure in the cavern is lower than the defined transmission pipeline pressure
significant especially for the dimensio- during withdrawal.
power must be smaller than the maximal
ning of the pipelines (given the volume
available motor power (Holford has elec-
Fig 3. The determination of the isentropic
flow, and looking for the input and output
tric motor driven compressors) which
reference field
pressure),the Darcy-Weisbach equation
3 depends upon the compressor speed. In
can be converted using the Bernoulli and
this case the number of compressors is
general gas equation. The temperatures Fig 3. The determination of the isentropic degree of found and the coupling power is known.
efficience by a reference field
are estimated using the Joule-Thomson
The compressor calculation can now be summarised as follows:
coefficients.
The algorithm can take several compres-
The
1.
compressor
Calculate the
calculation
enthalpy
can
difference hs now sors
using
into account.
the underlying
If it cannot
gas
find
constants
a solu-
2. Get the operating volumetric flow qb
The compressors
be summarised as follows:
tion the injection and withdrawal process
3. Determine the isentropic efficiency by the use of the reference field.
The compressor may be necessary to 1. Calculate the enthalpy difference Δh cannot be performed under the given
s
raise the pressure level so as to enable As using the the reference underlying field gas is constants limited a valid conditions. combination The rejected of values nomination must be is re- found for
the injection and withdrawal process to 2. ( Get hs, the qb) operating is outside volumetric the reference flow q turned to the NomiX system. In case of a
bfield
the number of compressors is increased or
be performed. This is the case when the 3. is Determine searched the (by isentropic increasing efficiency the p solution across the the number compressor of compressors through and the disch
pressure in the cavern is too high during increasing by the use of flow the reference through the field. compressor the necessary by opening coupling the power recycling is returned valve). Add
injection or when the pressure in the ca- As
decrease
the reference
the
field
operating
is limited
flow
a valid
volume through each compressor and can lead
to NomiX.
reference field.
4. The coupling power can be calculated with the results of step 3. It must be ta
coupling power must be smaller than the maximal available motor power (Ho
driven compressors) which depends upon the compressor speed. In this 9
case the
is found and the coupling power is known.