Harvard Center for Textile & Apparel Research

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B.Tan Overview of the Turkish Textile and Apparel Industry 18 Table 13. Turkey’s Largest Apparel Suppliers Value ($) % in Turkey’s Apparel Imports 1997 1998 1999 1997 1998 1999 Italy 58,956,444 68,455,570 48,467,873 26% 30% 24% China 8,467,592 13,440,597 22,640,126 4% 6% 11% England 29,278,621 20,939,138 21,934,886 13% 9% 11% Germany 29,244,979 28,303,022 21,440,116 13% 12% 11% Spain 8,174,482 20,562,488 20,051,087 4% 9% 10% France 21,669,442 22,956,933 16,096,196 9% 10% 8% Holland 8,238,841 7,340,565 5,733,662 4% 3% 3% Hong Kong 1,566,604 3,633,037 4,527,722 1% 2% 2% India 4,336,267 4,945,439 4,236,158 2% 2% 2% USA 28,636,805 6,769,742 3,720,921 12% 3% 2% Portugal 549,911 89,765 2,397,153 0% 0% 1% Source: The Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade Reports (1999) [8] 2.2. 2.2. Product Product Mix Mix of of Turkish Turkish Textile Textile Textile and and Apparel Apparel Exports Exports Considering the shares in the total textile and apparel exports, knitted apparel has the highest share with 38%, followed by woven apparel, 24%, and made-up textile article 8% (Table 14). Turkey imports mainly cotton, man-made, and wool fiber, yarn, and fabric lead by cotton with a share of 24% in total textile and apparel imports (Table 15). As shown in Table 36, the apparel industry produces more knitted than woven products ones and more basic items such as unstructured tops and bottoms than tailored garments. Table 14. Product Mix of Turkish Textile and Apparel Exports (1999) Share in Total Textile and Apparel Exports Share in Total Exports Knitted Apparel and Accessories 38.34% 14.24% Woven Apparel and Accessories 24.43% 9.08% Made-up Textile Articles 9,56% 3.55% Cotton (Fiber, Yarn, woven fabric) 7.87% 2.92% Man-made staple (Fiber, yarn, woven, fabric) 6.13% 2.28% Man-made filament (Fiber, yarn, woven, fabric) 4.09% 1.52% Carpets and floor coverings 2.73% 1.02% Knitted Fabrics 2.26% 0.84% Special woven fabrics 1.89% 0.70% Coated laminated fabrics 1.27% 0.47% Source: The Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade Reports (1999) [8]
B.Tan Overview of the Turkish Textile and Apparel Industry 19 Table 15. Product Mix of Turkish Textile and Apparel Imports (1999) Share in Total Textile Share in Total and Apparel Imports Imports Cotton (Fiber, Yarn, woven fabric) 24.21% 1.65% Man-made filament (Fiber, yarn, woven, fabric) 23.07% 1.57% Man-made staple (Fiber, yarn, woven, fabric) 19.93% 1.36% Wool (Fiber, Yarn, woven fabric) 8.08% 0.55% Source: The Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade Reports (1999) [8] 2.3. 2.3. The The Textile Textile and and and Apparel Apparel Trade Trade with with US USA US The textile and apparel trade between Turkey and the United States has been increasing steadily for the last decade, reaching $1.15 billion of exports and $144.3 million of imports in 1999. The growth rate of Turkish apparel exports to the United States was higher than that of Mexico and China in 1998. Year Quantity ( ton) Table 16. Textile and Apparel Trade with USA Apparel Trade Textile Trade Export Import Export Import Value (Million $) Growth rate Quantity (Value: %) (ton) Value (Million $) Quantity (ton) Value (Million $) Growth rate Quantity (Value: %) (ton) Value (Million $) 1996 15,696 597.6 259.9 7.3 19,788 145.9 30,289 112.4 1997 19,729 690.5 15.5% 370.2 28.6 30,259 176.5 21.0% 120,045 281.2 1998 27,727 807.1 16.9% 117.8 6.8 34,951 194.6 10.3% 157,892 335.8 1999 34,975 928.4 15.0% 126.4 3.7 49,258 221.8 14.0% 49,543 140.6 Source: The Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade Reports (1999) [8] The breakdown of Turkish apparel and ready-made article exports is provided in Table 17. As a result of the quota restrictions, as opposed to the general product mix of Turkish apparel exports, woven products have a higher share in Turkish exports to the United States led by denim and cotton pants, shirts, and man-made apparel.
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