The vagus nerve as a modulator of intestinal inflammation - TI Pharma
The vagus nerve as a modulator of intestinal inflammation - TI Pharma
The vagus nerve as a modulator of intestinal inflammation - TI Pharma
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Chapter 5<br />
Figure 1 Cholinergic agonists enhance macrophage phagocytosis. A) Uptake <strong>of</strong> FITC-Zymosan<br />
(green particles) in peritoneal macrophages grown on gl<strong>as</strong>s slides. Cells were pretreated with nicotine<br />
(1 µM) or ACh (1 µM) and incubated at 37 ºC or on ice where indicated. Cells were stained using<br />
phalloidin (red), and DaPi (blue). Scale bar: 10 µm. B) Time course <strong>of</strong> uptake by PMF pretreated with<br />
vehicle, acetylcholine or nicotine. C) Nicotine (triangles) <strong>as</strong> well <strong>as</strong> acetylcholine (circles) incre<strong>as</strong>es uptake<br />
<strong>of</strong> FITC-Zymosan in PMF. Data are given <strong>as</strong> the percentage incre<strong>as</strong>e in the number <strong>of</strong> FITC-Zymosanpositive<br />
cells, compared to medium treatment (100%). D) <strong>The</strong> effect <strong>of</strong> nicotine on the phagocytosis <strong>of</strong><br />
E.faecium bacteria, Zymosan, opsonised RBC and AcLDL by PMF. Data shown are averages +/- SEM <strong>of</strong><br />
3-5 independent experiments in triplicate. Asterisks indicate significant difference (P
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