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The vagus nerve as a modulator of intestinal inflammation - TI Pharma

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Vagal activity enhances macrophage phagocytosis<br />

Figure 2. Nicotine reduces Zymosan-induced pro-inflammatory mediator expression in peritoneal<br />

macrophages. A) Cytokine production induced by Zymosan phagocytosis, with pretreatment <strong>of</strong> nicotine<br />

in the indicated concentrations. IL10 intra is intracellular IL10. B) TNF rele<strong>as</strong>e induced by Zymosan after<br />

pre-incubation with nicotine (gray bars) and nAChR blockers α-Bungarotoxin (Bgt), Methyllycaconitine<br />

(MLA) or dihydro-β-erythroidine (DHβE) where indicated. Data shown are average +/- SEM <strong>of</strong> 3<br />

independent experiments performed in triplicate. Asterisks indicate significant differences (*p

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