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9. Two tug-of-war teams are at opposite ends of a
rope. Newton’s third law says that the force exerted
by team A will equal the force that team B exerts on
team A. How can either team win the tug-of-war?
10. (a) Define momentum.
(b) Why is momentum considered a very important
quantity in physics?
11. (a) Define impulse.
(b) What is the impulse due to a force that causes
the velocity of a 46 g golf ball to change from
0 m/s to 60.0 m/s in 0.50 ms?
(c) What force was applied to the ball?
12. A hunter who fails to hold the rifle firmly against a
shoulder may be injured when shooting. Explain in
terms of Newton’s third law.
13. A 4.2 kg rifle shoots a 0.050 kg bullet at a velocity of
3.00 × 10 2 m/s. At what velocity does the rifle recoil?
14. A 0.250 kg ball of Plasticine moving at 5.0 m/s
overtakes and collides with a 0.300 kg ball of
Plasticine, travelling in the same direction at 2.0 m/s.
The two balls of Plasticine stick together on collision.
What is their velocity after the collision?
15. A railroad car of mass 12 000 kg is travelling at a
velocity of 6.0 m/s when it collides with an identical
car at rest. The two cars lock together. What is their
common velocity after the collision?
188 Chapter 4 Newton’s Laws of Motion — DRAFT © Edvantage Interactive 2011 ISBN 978-0-9864778-3-6