TWENTIETH CENTURY DEFENCE SITES of TYNE and WEAR

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Section 3 The Second World War 32 Whitburn, Lizard Lane, Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery Tyne S (HER 1795) This Heavy Anti-Aircraft site was established some time during World War Two. It was armed with four 3.7 inch static guns, which were the standard HAA weapon of the time, and remained in use until the late 1950s. Such weapons could fire to a maximum height of 32,000ft, and were designed to shoot down high flying bombers. The site also had two Bofors guns (quick firing weapons, used against faster aircraft flying below 5,000 feet), and two rocket batteries (see below). The Home Guard operated this battery from 1941 until the end of the war in 1945. It still exists on private land (information provided by Alan Rudd, Roger J.C. Thomas and Timescape Archaeological Surveys 1999) . 33 33 Fellgate, Red Barns Farm, Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery (HER 1796) An important site, one of the few “Munich Crisis” batteries to survive, it was designated “Tyne D”. Sir Thomas Inskip’s 1937 Reproduced with permission from Archaeological Services Durham University
Section 3 The Second World War Reproduced with permission from Archaeological Services Durham University defensive plan located an anti-aircraft (AA) site here, along with a total of 64 AA guns to protect the coast between the Tyne and the Tees. However, by the time of general mobilisation on the 24th August 1939, there were only nine anti-aircraft guns defending the Tyne, four of which were at Red Barns Farm. 34 The armaments at Red Barns Farm changed and developed throughout the war. It was originally equipped with four 3.7 inch guns. In 1942 these were replaced with 4.5 inch guns, although these were changed back to 3.7 inch after a brief period. At its largest, in 1944, the site had four 3.7 inch guns, two
Page 1 and 2: ARCHAEOLOGY of the TWENTIETH CENTUR
Page 3 and 4: PREFACE By Alan Rudd Over the centu
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Page 69 and 70: Section 4 The Cold War 1954. Many o
Page 71 and 72: Bibliography Anderton, M.J., 2000,
Page 73 and 74: Kear, D., 1986, Clifford’s Fort a
Page 75 and 76: RPS Consultants, 2000, Sunderland A
Page 77: Acknowledgements: The authors would

TWENTIETH CENTURY DEFENCE SITES of TYNE and WEAR

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