Applied Statistics Using SPSS, STATISTICA, MATLAB and R

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5.3 Inference on Two Populations 205 A: Tables 5.19 and 5.20 show the results with identical conclusions (and p values!) to those presented in Example 4.9. Note that at a 1% level, we do not reject the null hypothesis for the ASP variable. This example constitutes a good illustration of the power-efficiency of the Mann-Whitney test when compared with its parametric counterpart, the t test. Table 5.20. Mann-Whitney test results for variables ASP and PHE (Example 5.15) with grouping variable TYPE, obtained with SPSS. ASP PHE Mann-Whitney U 371.5 314 Wilcoxon W 1074.5 1017 Z −2.314 −3.039 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.021 0.002 5.3.2 Tests for Two Paired Samples Commands 5.9. SPSS, STATISTICA, MATLAB and R commands used to perform non-parametric tests on two paired samples. STATISTICA SPSS MATLAB R Statistics; Nonparametrics; Comparing two dependent samples (variables) Analyze; Nonparametric Tests; 2 Related Samples [p,h,stats]=signrank(x,y,alpha) [p,h,stats]=signtest(x,y,alpha) mcnemar.test(x) | mcnemar.test(x,y) wilcox.test(x,y,paired=TRUE) 5.3.2.1 The McNemar Change Test The McNemar change test is particularly suitable to “before and after” experiments, in which each case can be in either of two categories or responses and is used as its own control. The test addresses the issue of deciding whether or not the change of response is due to hazard. Let the responses be denoted by the + and – signs and a change denoted by an arrow, →. The test is formalised as:
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Applied Statistics Using SPSS, STAT
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E d itors Prof. Dr. Joaquim P. Marq
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Contents Preface to the Second Edit
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Contents ix 5.2.3 The Chi-Square Te
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Contents xi Appendix A - Short Surv
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Contents xiii E.26 Soil Pollution .
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Preface to the First Edition This b
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Symbols and Abbreviations Sample Se
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|A| determinant of matrix A tr(A) t
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Σ covariance matrix x arithmetic m
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1 Introduction 1.1 Deterministic Da
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18 h 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1.1 Dete
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1.2 Population, Sample and Statisti
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Table 1.3 1.2 Population, Sample an
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Table 1.4 1.3 Random Variables 9 Da
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1.4 Probabilities and Distributions
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1.5 Beyond a Reasonable Doubt... 13
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1.5 Beyond a Reasonable Doubt... 15
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1.6 Statistical Significance and Ot
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1.8 Software Tools 19 book we will
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1.8 Software Tools 21 In the follow
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1.8 Software Tools 23 illustrates t
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1.8 Software Tools 25 On-line help
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1.8 Software Tools 27 Figure 1.12.
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2 Presenting and Summarising the Da
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2.1 Preliminaries 31 The data can t
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» meteo=[ 181 143 36 39 37 % Pasti
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2.1 Preliminaries 35 are interested
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2.1 Preliminaries 37 Besides the in
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2.2 Presenting the Data 39 Sorting
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2.2 Presenting the Data 41 In Table
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2.2 Presenting the Data 43 With SPS
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2.2 Presenting the Data 45 Figure 2
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2.2 Presenting the Data 47 Figure 2
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2.2 Presenting the Data 49 Let X de
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2.2 Presenting the Data 51 Commands
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2.2 Presenting the Data 53 A: The c
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2.2 Presenting the Data 55 The s, c
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2.2 Presenting the Data 57 histogra
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2.3 Summarising the Data 59 type da
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2.3 Summarising the Data 61 delimit
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2.3 Summarising the Data 63 The sam
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Note that: 2.3 Summarising the Data
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where sXY, the sample covariance of
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2.3 Summarising the Data 69 STATIST
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2.3 Summarising the Data 71 A: The
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2.3.6 Measures of Association for N
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2.3 Summarising the Data 75 with th
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Exercises 77 A: We use the N, S and
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Exercises 79 2.13 Determine the box
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3 Estimating Data Parameters Making
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3.1 Point Estimation and Interval E
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3.2 Estimating a Mean 85 In Chapter
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3.2 Estimating a Mean 87 There are
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3.2 Estimating a Mean 89 A: Using M
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3.2 Estimating a Mean 91 Figure 3.5
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3.3 Estimating a Proportion 93 esti
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3.4 Estimating a Variance 95 is to
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3.5 Estimating a Variance Ratio 97
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3.6 Bootstrap Estimation 99 i. F df
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3.6 Bootstrap Estimation 101 about
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3.6 Bootstrap Estimation 103 The bi
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3.6 Bootstrap Estimation 105 In the
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Exercises 107 In order to obtain bo
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Exercises 109 3.14 Consider the CTG
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112 4 Parametric Tests of Hypothese
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5 Non-Parametric Tests of Hypothese
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5.1 Inference on One Population 173
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5.1 Inference on One Population 175
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s = npq = 224× 0. 75× 0. 25 = 6.4
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Page 406: 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 F
Page 410: 5.1.5 The Lilliefors Test for Norma
Page 414: 5.2 Contingency Tables 189 fewer mi
Page 418: 2 1 5.2 Contingency Tables 191 degr
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Page 430: 5.2 Contingency Tables 197 first ca
Page 434: 5.2 Contingency Tables 199 very low
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Page 448: 206 5 Non-Parametric Tests of Hypot
Page 484: 224 6 Statistical Classification (c
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230 6 Statistical Classification li
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232 6 Statistical Classification It
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234 6 Statistical Classification ve
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236 6 Statistical Classification Fi
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238 6 Statistical Classification ω
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240 6 Statistical Classification ω
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242 6 Statistical Classification th
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244 6 Statistical Classification Fi
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246 6 Statistical Classification Bo
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248 6 Statistical Classification We
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250 6 Statistical Classification Th
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252 6 Statistical Classification si
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254 6 Statistical Classification In
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256 6 Statistical Classification St
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258 6 Statistical Classification St
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260 6 Statistical Classification At
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262 6 Statistical Classification pe
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264 6 Statistical Classification i(
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266 6 Statistical Classification ap
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268 6 Statistical Classification Co
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270 6 Statistical Classification 6.
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272 7 Data Regression Correlation d
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274 7 Data Regression These propert
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276 7 Data Regression The total var
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278 7 Data Regression Next, we crea
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280 7 Data Regression b 1 = ∑ ( x
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282 7 Data Regression Example 7.5 Q
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284 7 Data Regression The sampling
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286 7 Data Regression From the defi
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288 7 Data Regression * SSLF SSPE M
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290 7 Data Regression where: - y is
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292 7 Data Regression 1.0000 0.9692
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294 7 Data Regression The first lin
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296 7 Data Regression 7.2.5 ANOVA a
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298 7 Data Regression must ask whic
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300 7 Data Regression model. Simila
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302 7 Data Regression The MATLAB po
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304 7 Data Regression the same way
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306 7 Data Regression 7.3.2 Evaluat
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308 7 Data Regression The MATLAB re
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310 7 Data Regression with s 2 =
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312 7 Data Regression the threshold
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314 7 Data Regression 7.11, the lar
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316 7 Data Regression determination
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318 7 Data Regression smaller discr
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320 7 Data Regression Besides its u
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322 7 Data Regression VIF and Mean
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324 7 Data Regression Taking the na
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326 7 Data Regression Example 7.22
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328 7 Data Regression possible to p
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330 8 Data Structure Analysis In Fi
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332 8 Data Structure Analysis of th
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334 8 Data Structure Analysis 2 −
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336 8 Data Structure Analysis using
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338 8 Data Structure Analysis ∑
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340 8 Data Structure Analysis We se
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342 8 Data Structure Analysis p = 0
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344 8 Data Structure Analysis In or
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346 8 Data Structure Analysis A: On
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348 8 Data Structure Analysis ⎡0.
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350 8 Data Structure Analysis 1 0 -
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352 8 Data Structure Analysis 8.9 C
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354 9 Survival Analysis P( t ≤ T
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356 9 Survival Analysis Example 9.2
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358 9 Survival Analysis the Fatigue
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360 9 Survival Analysis “death”
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362 9 Survival Analysis A: The Hear
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364 9 Survival Analysis From Figure
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366 9 Survival Analysis denominator
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368 9 Survival Analysis The exponen
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370 9 Survival Analysis γ This is
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372 9 Survival Analysis the proport
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374 9 Survival Analysis 9.5 Compute
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376 10 Directional Data Example 10.
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380 10 Directional Data The MATLAB
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382 10 Directional Data A: We use t
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384 10 Directional Data For p = 2,
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386 10 Directional Data Thus, the r
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388 10 Directional Data from a unif
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390 10 Directional Data * 2 z = ( 1
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392 10 Directional Data 10.4.3 The
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396 10 Directional Data 10.5.2 Mean
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398 10 Directional Data Similar res
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400 10 Directional Data Exercises 1
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Appendix A - Short Survey on Probab
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A.1 Basic Notions 405 corresponding
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A.2 Conditional Probability and Ind
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A. 4 Bayes ’ Theorem 409 The firs
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A.5 Random Variables and Distributi
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a 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 f (x ) a a+
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Example A. 12 A.6 Expectation, Vari
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n [ X ] = ∑ i= 1 A.6 Expectation,
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A.7 The Binomial and Normal Distrib
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A.7 The Binomial and Normal Distrib
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The following results are worth men
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A.8.2 Moments A.8 Multivariate Dist
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For the d-variate case, this genera
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0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 p(x) A.8 Mul
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432 Appendix B - Distributions A: T
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436 Appendix B - Distributions For
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440 Appendix B - Distributions Dist
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442 Appendix B - Distributions 0.45
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444 Appendix B - Distributions B.2.
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448 Appendix B - Distributions B.2.
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450 Appendix B - Distributions Dist
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452 Appendix B - Distributions 1 0.
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456 Appendix C - Point Estimation T
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458 Appendix C - Point Estimation
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460 Appendix D - Tables p n k 0.05
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466 Appendix D - Tables D.3 Student
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468 Appendix D - Tables D.5 Critica
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470 Appendix E - Datasets The varia
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472 Appendix E - Datasets E.6 CTG T
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474 Appendix E - Datasets E.9 FHR T
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476 Appendix E - Datasets E.14 Fore
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478 Appendix E - Datasets DATE_REOP
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480 Appendix E - Datasets CG: Conic
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482 Appendix E - Datasets E.26 Soil
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484 Appendix E - Datasets E.29 VCG
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Appendix F - Tools F.1 MATLAB Funct
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Appendix F - Tools 489 r
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References Chapters 1 and 2 Anderso
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References 493 Gardner MJ, Altman D
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References 495 Raudys S, Pikelis V
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References 497 Mardia KV, Jupp PE (
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500 Index 5.9 (two paired samples t
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502 Index H hazard function, 353 ha
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504 Index S sample, 5 mean, 416 siz
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Applied Statistics Using SPSS, STATISTICA, MATLAB and R

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