Madeira Press Kit - Associação de Promoção da Madeira

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"white gold" to all Europe. Slaves, who were brought from African trading posts, were used to work at cane brake and sugar mill. The Madeira Portuguese, Diogo Teives, invented the first mechanical sugar mill moved by water. This invention determined a great increase of production, which in 1506 reached 3.500 tones. Madeira had its greatest economical and cultural development during this period and became known all over the civilised World. Still today, our museums keep abundant and precious artistic masterpieces of that period and Madeira people have proud of Museu de Arte Sacra, in Funchal. It has one of the most representative world collections of Flemish paintings, proceeding from Bruges, Antwerp and Malines. There are also still notable architectonic evidences, such as at Funchal Cathedral; the Church and Convent of Santa Clara; the Churches of Calheta, Santa Cruz and Machico; the Chapels of Reis Magos, Encarnação and Corpo Santo. There are also some remains of Old Customhouse and Manueline windows kept at Quinta das Cruzes. However, since the last decade of the 16 th century, the exportation of sugar suffered a great resection. This resection was determined by the break of soil productivity, diseases that contaminated the canebrakes and, above all, due to the competitive sugar brought from Brazil, where Madeira people had introduced techniques and specialised hand labour. Thus, during a great period of the 17 th century, Madeira Archipelago suffered a social and economical crisis. However, Funchal port kept the commercial trade to Africa, America and India. It also had importance with the exportation of pastry, the famous casquinha done from lemon, cider and other candied fruit in a fusing of sugar. Madeira suffered attacks from french pirates in the 16th-century, and Porto Santo was also constantly under threat from Algerian, Moorish, French and English pirates. In 1580 Portugal and Madeira became under the domain of Castille, however, in 1640, the independence was restored, followed by the marriage of our Infant D. Catarina de Bragança with Charles II of England.
It was then granted several contracts with British people who favoured the exportation of Madeira Wine to England, Occidental India and British colonies in America. Since the last decade of the 17 th century, Madeira knew a new period of economical and cultural increasing, being its excellent wine responsible for the fame of the Island all over the world. This prosperity called vineyard cycle had its reflections at arts and architecture. It was constructed the typical residences of the 17 th and 18 th centuries, with its stonework "bull’s-eye" window, balconies made with wrought iron, towers, belvederes, balconies and wine press at the ground floor. There is still beautiful examples at Rua dos Ferreiros, do Bispo, de Santa Maria and at some villas on the surroundings of Funchal. At the same time, we can see the preference of the Baroque and its carved work upon the Flemish and Mudejar art, in churches, chapels and manor houses. We have chosen as examples the churches of S. Pedro and the fascinating church of Colégio, at Funchal. British British presence presence in in Madeira Madeira Madeira was a result of the Napoleonic Wars, a friendly occupation concluding in 1814. Many British explorers and travellers settled here, originating a strong community of landowners and traders, which together with other nationalities helped give Madeira a diverse cosmopolitan heritage. However, since the beginning of the 19 th century first decade, Madeira Archipelago recognised once again another economical resection, due to the end of the napoleon wars and the subsequent peace restoration in Europe. German German U U boats boats shelled Funchal in 1916 and 1917 after Germany declared war on Portugal, fortunately with few casualties. With the victory of liberal ideas against absolutism, the new Madeira authorities made economical reformations to fight against the crisis and began constructing the wonderful "levadas" (water canals) of Rabaçal, Juncal, Furado and Fajã dos Vinháticos. With the irrigation increase, cereal production and other food products increased and Madeira people became, once again, developing canebrake plantation and increasing sugar and banana exportation. At that time, began their development of the production and exportation of the famous Madeira embroideries and of the typical wickerwork and baskets.
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Madeira Press Kit - Associação de Promoção da Madeira

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