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The Oxford Thesaurus An A-Z Dictionary of Synonyms INTRO ...

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absolutely, Colloq for sure: I know for a certainty that I<br />

cannot fly.<br />

certify v. 1 confirm, attest (to), verify, testify (to), affirm, aver,<br />

asseverate, corroborate, substantiate, endorse, guarantee,<br />

warrant; swear (to), bear witness (to), vouchsafe, vouch (for):<br />

I will certify the accuracy <strong>of</strong> the report. She certified that<br />

she was the owner <strong>of</strong> the car. 2 declare, classify, establish,<br />

confirm: <strong>The</strong> magistrate certified the man insane.<br />

3.3 chafe...<br />

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-<br />

chafe v. 1 rub, warm (up), heat (up): I took the chill <strong>of</strong>f my hands<br />

by chafing them a bit. 2 rub, abrade, fret, gall, irritate,<br />

make sore: <strong>The</strong> skin is very tender where it was chafed. 3<br />

fume, rage, seethe; ruffle, vex, fret, irritate: I chafed in<br />

impotent rage and exasperation at the ridiculous regulations.<br />

To chafe and vex me is a part <strong>of</strong> her nature.<br />

--n. 4 sore, abrasion, bruise, soreness, irritation: <strong>The</strong><br />

saddle caused a chafe on the inside <strong>of</strong> my thigh.<br />

chaff n. 1 banter, raillery, ridicule, badinage, joking, teasing,<br />

twitting, Colloq kidding, ragging, Chiefly US and Canadian<br />

joshing: After the speech, he had to put up with a lot <strong>of</strong><br />

good-natured chaff from the audience.<br />

--v. 2 banter, tease, twit, rail at, Colloq kid, rag, Chiefly<br />

US and Canadian josh: When he was in the navy, his family<br />

chaffed him for having a girl in every port.<br />

chain n. 1 string, series, combination; sequence, succession, train,<br />

course, set, concatenation: He owns a chain <strong>of</strong> bookshops.<br />

Interruption <strong>of</strong> the food chain can cause serious ecological<br />

consequences. A curious chain <strong>of</strong> circumstances led me to a small<br />

hotel at Torquay in February. 2 restraint, check, trammel,<br />

control, confinement, fetter, bond, manacle, shackle, gyve: <strong>The</strong><br />

family finally threw <strong>of</strong>f the chains <strong>of</strong> poverty.<br />

--v. 3 shackle, secure, fasten, bind, gyve; confine, fetter,<br />

restrain, confine, restrict, tie, limit: Prometheus was chained

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