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298 6 MACRO– AND MICRO–JETS DRIVEN BY BLACK HOLES Figure 143: The radio galaxy NGC 4261 and its nuclear disk (HST, top panel) with a VLBA image at 8.4 GHz (bottom panel, Jones et al. 2001). At a distance of 40 Mpc, 1 mas corresponds to 0.2 pc. A 700 Mio solar mass Black Hole in the center generates the jets in this radio galaxy.
6.6 Structure and Emission of Micro–Jets 299 where the path length L is in cm, and the electron density in cm−3 . From this we can estimate the electron density ne 3.4 τ/L νT 3/4 (720) For a path–length L 0.3 pc, τff 3 and a temperature T 10 4 K, this corresponds to an electron density ne 3 × 10 4 cm −3 . Since the temperature decays in a Figure 144: Disk geometry in the center of NGC 4261 [Jones et al. 2001; Wehrle et al. 2002]. SAD very rapidly with increasing radius, accretion disks around supermassive Black Holes are expected to have a partial ionization zone, as in Galactic binaries, and therefore to be subject of a similar thermal instability. This zone forms at a distance of a few hundred Schwarzschild radii from the center (Lin and Shields 1986; Clarke
Page 1 and 2: CONTENTS 265 Contents 6 Macro- and
Page 3 and 4: 6 Macro- and Micro-Jets Driven by B
Page 5 and 6: 6.1 DRAG(o)Ns - FR I and FR II 269
Page 11 and 12: 6.2 Jets as Super(magneto)sonic Col
Page 13 and 14: 6.2 Jets as Super(magneto)sonic Col
Page 15 and 16: 6.3 Fundamental Parameters for Jets
Page 17 and 18: 6.3 Fundamental Parameters for Jets
Page 19 and 20: 6.4 A 3-Phase Model for Kiloparsec-
Page 25 and 26: 6.5 Relativistic Jet Propagation 28
Page 27 and 28: 6.6 Structure and Emission of Micro
Page 33: 6.6 Structure and Emission of Micro
Page 37 and 38: 6.7 Formation of Micro-Jets 301 6.7
Page 39 and 40: 6.7 Formation of Micro-Jets 303 Fig
Page 41 and 42: 6.7 Formation of Micro-Jets 305 Thi
Page 43 and 44: 6.7 Formation of Micro-Jets 307 VLB
Page 45 and 46: 6.7 Formation of Micro-Jets 309 as
Page 53 and 54: 6.7 Formation of Micro-Jets 317 the
Page 55 and 56: 7.1 The Dark Age 319 Figure 152: Da
Page 57 and 58: 7.3 The First Quasars 321 Figure 15
Page 59 and 60: 7.3 The First Quasars 323 Bromm & L
Page 61: REFERENCES 325 [17] Leahy, P. 1993,

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