Synopsis of a hundred common non-anopheline mosquitoes of the ...

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27, 28; the valves are replaced by a strongly chitinised, black part which is shaped like
a, curvecl cone. A similar siphon has only been found in larvae of the genus Tne~ziorJzy~tcJzus
and in a Ficnlbin species (Ficnlbia Jzybdn).
(2) The antennae are very long; the strongly developed, subapical hairs inserted
well below the apes.
(3) The head is short and very broad.
(4) The comb on the eighth segment has only from z-S teeth.
(5) There is no pecten on the siphon.
The, characters under (I)-(3) are easily seen with the naked eye.
BIOS-• MICS. The eggs are laid in easily detected, rosette-shaped clusters under the
surface #of the leaves of water plants, By the shape of the female abdomen (Fig. 22)
the species is better adapted
to reach the peculiar site for
the eggs. These are glued to
the leaves. Apparently the
larvae are not continuously
b attached to the plant roots,
but may be found when
dipping at the botton of the
Fig. 22. Subgenm Jln~zso~zioides : ? abdomen and asymmetrical breeding place is done. The
wingscale (b)
usual way, however, to collect
T~~IL~OYJZ~~ZC~ZXS larvae is to take out several species of water plants and shake
their roots into a bowl with clean water. The larvae fall from the roots and can be
collected. For a long time Pistin was thought to be the only water plant that
harboured Tne~tiorJzyncJz~ts larvae in our region, but in the course of years many more
have been found to be the natural home of these larvae. There are probably still man3
more to detect.
RELATIOX TO DISEASE. In all Tae~ziovJzymJzz~~ species on which experimental
infection was tried, the microfilaria of W&wevin wzalnyi came to full development
with active larvae in the proboscis. The experimental infection rate was very high;
they were also found infected in nature. Where these mosquitoes occur in sufficient
numbers they must be considered as important carriers of WucJzeuevin mdayi. The rare
species 7‘. fiaptcelzsis and bomzeae of the subgenus Mansouioides have not been used in
experiments ; of the subgenus Coqzdlettidin only T. cvnssifles was tried as vector with
positive result (Oey, 1942).
The known Taem’orJtymJzzts species from our region fall in two subgenera which
may be characterised as follows:
(I) 3’ OS t- s p’ ira c u 1 ar bristles absent in adult; no ventral tufts piercing the ring of
the anal segment of larva . . . . . . . , . . . . subgenus CoqzdZettidia.
(2) Post-spiracular bristles present in adult; wing-scales nearly all very broad and
asymmetrical; eighth tergite of $ small and armed with teeth; ventral tufts piercing
ring of anal segment in larva; last section of larval antenna not as long as to comprise
half of the total length of the antenna, not very slender . , subgenus Malzso&oides,
Subgenus Coquillettidia Dyar Igoj
as
IVing-scales rather narrow, in some species nearly linear, No speckling on wings
in subgenus Mnltsowioides. Palpi of male as in subgenus Ma7tsoltioide.s. Seventh