Mechanical shaft seals for pumps - Grundfos

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89 Failure of mechanical shaft seals Shaft seal failure analysis scheme Plant/process influence Possible cause Poor thermal control Component Result of visual inspection Poor Cleaning Conta- Corrosion Cooling Heating lubrication (treatment) mination (chemical attack) Complete shaft seal Seal rings (1) - (2) Elastomers Metal parts Shaft/sleeve Clogged 15/17/41 Good condition 1 1 1 Hang-up 1 1 1 Noise 13 20 15 Sticking 11 Chipped edges 11 Cracked/fractured 3 11 Deposits outside seal faces 1/17/38 Etched/decomposed 5 11 Pitted 5 11 Scored/scuffed/galled 13 20 15 Wear track: No track Blistered/flaked 13/24 23/18 31 Deposits 8/9/17 Excentric Grooved 20 8 Incomplete track 39 Matted 11/21 Narrow or wide Normal Thermal cracks 13/20 20 15 Wear on atmospheric side 13 8 Wear on pumped medium side Burnt 3 11 Cuts/nicks Decomposed 11 11 Extruded Fractured (bellows) Lost flexibility 3 12 Ruptured Swollen 11 11 Wear, dynamic (3) Wear, stationary (4) 3 34 34 Cracked/fractured 34 34 Deformed 34 34 Discoloured 3 11 11 Etched/decomposed 5/11 11 Pitted 11 11 Worn 13 Cracked/ruptured 13 11 Pitted 11 11 Worn 8 11 (1) Rotating seal ring (2) Stationary seat (3) Dynamic O-rings (4) Stationary O-rings
s of shaft seal failure Incorrect installation Assembly Fitting Misalignment System faults Flow Pressure Temperature Poor venting 2/19 2 1 1 1 7 15/35 13 36 16 1 2 Vibration Other 10 16 10 4 3 16 37 5 11 7 35 13 36 22 15 26 16 19 7 4 38 40 19/40 16 4 15 36 4 13 3 10/19 25 12 3 19 10 13 13 7 26 28 12 3 28 27/30 19/26 19/26/40 29 16/32 3 19 26 13/29 13 16 7/37 7 13 13 19 32 3 33 26 14 10 10 29 16 6 29 16 6 26 29 32 90
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Mechanical shaft seals for pumps
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Contents Preface 5 Chapter 1. Intro
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Chapter 1 1. Types of shaft seals 2
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Fig. 1.2: Braided stuffing box pack
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O-ring, stationary O-ring, rotating
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The rotating part The rotating part
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Closing force The parts of the seal
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In the examples above, where the ar
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Non-parallel seal faces System In p
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Atmosphere A B C D Vapour pressure
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1993 Rubber bellows seal introduced
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26 Mechanical shaft seal types and
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Page 35 and 36: 36 Mechanical shaft seal types and
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 3 Materials 1. Seal face ma
Page 45 and 46: The metals used for metal-impregnat
Page 47 and 48: Silicon carbide (SiC) 100 µm Fig.
Page 49 and 50: 2. Seal face material pairings Carb
Page 51 and 52: WC against WC A shaft seal with WC
Page 53 and 54: 3. Testing of shaft seals Various t
Page 55 and 56: [ °C ] 250 200 150 Organic film bi
Page 57 and 58: Chemical adhesion of surfaces All s
Page 59 and 60: 5. Materials of other shaft seal pa
Page 61 and 62: 64 Tribology The science of frictio
Page 63 and 64: 66 Tribology Duty parameter The mec
Page 65 and 66: Surface film 68 3.5 Tribology 3.0 2
Page 67 and 68: 70 Tribology The lapped surface has
Page 69 and 70: 72 2.0 1.5 Tribology 1.0 0.5 Dry ru
Page 71 and 72: 74 Tribology Summary This section d
Page 73 and 74: 76 Failure of mechanical shaft seal
Page 85: 88 7. Shaft seal failure analysis T
Page 89 and 90: Chapter 6 Standards and approvals 1
Page 91 and 92: Example of designation for a mechan
Page 93 and 94: 2. Approvals Specific approvals of
Page 95 and 96: The guideline on in-place cleanabil
Page 97: Summary Different applications requ
Page 100 and 101: contact points 65 contact surface 8
Page 102 and 103: M magnetic-drive system 40 malfunct
Page 104 and 105: spring force 13, 15 springs and bel
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