Technical Application Papers No.10 Photovoltaic plants - ABB

9.2 Residual current releases Type B ................. 75
9.2.1 Residual current releases RC223 and RC Type B .....75
9.2.2 Residual current devices .......................................76
9.3 Contactors .................................................... 76
9.4 Switch-disconnectors .................................. 77
9.5 Miniature circuit-breakers ............................. 77
9.6 Surge protective devices, Type 2 ................. 78
9.7 Fuse disconnectors and fuse holders .......... 78
9.8 Electronic energy meters .............................. 78
9.9 Switchboards ............................................... 79
9.10 Wall-mounted consumer units ..................... 79
9.11 Junction boxes ............................................. 79
9.12 Terminal blocks ............................................. 80
9.13 Motors .......................................................... 80
9.14 Frequency converters ................................... 81
9.15 Programmable Logic Controllers.................. 81
9.16 Sub-switchboards ........................................ 81
Annex A – New panel technologies
A.1 Emerging technologies .................................... 83
A.2 Concentrated photovoltaics ............................. 84
A.2 Photovoltaics with cylindrical panels ................ 84
Annex B – Other renewable energy sources
B.1 Introduction .................................................... 85
B.2 Wind power .................................................... 85
B.3 Biomass energy source .................................. 85
B.4 Geothermal power .......................................... 86
B.5 Tidal power and wave motion ......................... 86
B.6 Mini-hydroelectric power ................................ 87
B.7 Solar thermal power ....................................... 87
B.8 Solar thermodynamic power ........................... 89
B.9 Hybrid systems .............................................. 91
B.10 Energy situation in Italy ................................... 91
B.10.1 Non renewable energies ............................... 92
B.10.2 Renewable energies .................................... 92
Annex C – Dimensioning examples of photovoltaic
plants
C.1 Introduction ..................................................... 93
C.2 3kWp PV plant ................................................. 93
C.3 60kWp PV plant ............................................... 96
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