worksheet and assessment card masters - National STEM Centre

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Spinning, knitting, and • weaving- KNITTING TENSION The 'tension' of a piece of knitted fabric refers to the number of stitches and rows in a given measurement. When you are following a knitting pattern, it is very important that your tension is the same as that stated in the pattern. Why do you think this is? And jf your - tension isn't the same, how can you make it match? YOU WILL NEED: 1 ball of double knitting yarn 1 pair of 5-mm (size 6) knitting needles 1 pair of 4lh-mm (size 7) knitting needles 1 pair of 4-mm (size 8) knitting needles 1 pair of 3%-mm (size 9) knitting needles 1 pair of 31J4-mm(size 10) knitting needles Pencil and paper Ruler Dress-making pins 1 Using 4-mm (size 8) needles, cast on 30 stitches. Knit 40 rows of stockingmstitch (knit one row, purl one row). 2 Measure the tension of your sample. Lay the sample on a firm, dlat surface. Do not stretch it. NUFFIELD - HOME ECONOMICS FIBRES AND FABRICS: WORKSHEET FM7b 3 Put a ruler over the sample. Mark 10 cm with pins and then count how many stitches you have between the pins. Count the number of rows in 10 cm in the same way. You should have 23 stitches when you measure across 10 cm, and 32 rows when you measure down 10 cm. If you have more stitches in 10 cm, then your tension is too tight. How do you think you could correct this? Try out your idea. If you have too few stitches in 10 cm, then your tension is too loose. Think how to correct this and try out your idea. What do you think you should do if you have the wrong number of rows in 10 cm? How do you think what you have discovered might be used to help you in the adaptation of knitting patterns? 24 stitches in 10 cm: too many stitches. What do you do? 19 stitches in 10 cm: too few stitches. What do you do? © 1984 Nuffield-Chelsea Curriculum Trust
Spinning, knitting, and • weaving MAKING A LOOM A weaving loom can be made out of a few simple materials. Use the loom described on this worksheet to learn the basic steps involved in weaving. You can then go on to use more complicated looms and methods. Once you have made this loom, you can tryout the effects produced by all sorts of weaving materials and types of weave. For instance, you could try weaving with yarn that you have spun yourself (worksheet FM7a). YOU WILL NEED: 1 piece of wood, 50 cm X 7 cm X 2 cm 2 pieces of wood, 40 cm X 7 cm x 2 cm 4 screws (1lh-inch) 60 panel pins (%-inch) Heavy card for making shuttle Bradawl Screwdriver Hammer Scissors Ruler and pencil 1 Make up the wooden frame as shown on the right. (Put two screws at each end as shown. This will make sure that the two cross-pieces will not move when you thread up the warp.) 2 Hammer in the panel pins in the pattern shown at 1.5-cm intervals. WEAVING YOU WILL NEED: Weaving yarns Loom .shuttle 1 Thread up the warp with the yarn you want to use. 2 Cut out a shuttle (17 cm long) from heavy card in the pattern shown. 3 Choose your weft yarn and wrap about 10 m of it onto the shuttle. 4 Tie one end of the weft yarn to one end of the first warp thread. 5 Start with a simple weave. Pass the shuttle across the warp threads, going under the first warp, then over the next, and so on. \\\\\~I\\~~\\ I /vVJ J 1/ ~'f / / I 011 V 7 1I Ij " • II 'II " 6 At the end of the row, bring the shuttle back across the warp threads, going under where you went over in the first row. 7 After each row push the weft threads towards the cross-piece at the end you started from. A comb is useful for doing this . 8 -Stop weaving when you have a sample of about 30 cm in length. Cut the warp threads by the pins at each end and tie them into bunches of 6 threads. NUFFIELD HOME ECONOMICS FIBRES AND FABRICS: WORKSHEET FM7c -- / panel pins cross-piece warp yarn two screws cross-piece Cut shuttle from heavy card in this shape. Now look at worksheet M28. Copy some of the plain and twill weaves shown. You could also invent some weave patterns of your own and note them down in the same way as they are shown on worksheet M28. After you have done some weaving, decide which thread has to take most strain - the warp or the weft. © 1984 Nuffield-Chelsea Curriculum Trust
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