MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Table-1<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Level of BP Systolic BP (mmHg) Diastolic BP (mmHg)<br />
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
High normal 130 - 139 85 - 89<br />
Stage 1 140 - 159 90 - 99<br />
Stage 2 160 - 179 100 - 109<br />
Stage 3 > 180 > 110<br />
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
For diabetic subjects and/or in case of renal insufficiency, high blood pressure is defined by a<br />
blood pressure up to 130/85 mmHg (www. scientific committee/HTNgrade/htm.org 2003)<br />
Treatment: pharmacological and non-pharmacological<br />
Treatment is similar for elderly and younger patients in many ways. For both, blood<br />
pressure level and the presence of risk factors, target organ damage, and cardiovascular<br />
disease must be considered. However, for elderly patients, the greater potential for<br />
troublesome adverse effects from treatment must also be considered.<br />
Patients whose systolic blood pressure increases usually with age but remains within the<br />
normal limits are not treated. However, without treatment, such patients are at higher<br />
risk of cardiovascular events: the greater the increase in systolic blood pressure, the<br />
higher the risk.<br />
The generic and trade names of the common antihypertensive drugs and their dosage,<br />
frequency of administration, duration of action have been summarized in the table for the<br />
treatment.<br />
Table-2: Common antihypertensive drugs in ambulatory treatment of hypertension<br />
Generic name Trade name (Manufacturer) Adult maintenance<br />
dose (in mg/day)<br />
1. Adrenergic inhibitors:<br />
(a) Central α-2 agonists<br />
Frequency of<br />
administration<br />
(Times/day)<br />
Duration of<br />
action (in hr)<br />
Clonidine Catapres (Boehringer-<br />
Ingelheim)<br />
0.2 -0.6 2 6-12<br />
Clonidine Patch Catapres –TTS 1 Patch<br />
(0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg)<br />
weekly 7 days<br />
Guanabenz wytensin (wyth-Ayerst) 8-64 2 8-12<br />
Guanfacine Tenex (Robins) 1-3 1 12 –24<br />
Methyl dopa Aldomet (Merck) 500-2000 2 6-12<br />
(b) β-Adrenergic blockers<br />
Acebutolol Sectral (Wyeth-Ayerst) 400-1200 1 or 2 12 – 24<br />
Atenolol Tenormin (Zeneca) 50 - 100 1 24<br />
Carteolol Cartrol (Abbott) 2.5 – 10 1 24
Change language