MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

K4[Fe(CN) 6].3H2O + 6HNO3 H2[(NO)Fe(CN) 5] + 4KNO3 + NH4NO3 + CO2 Potassium ferrocyanide (135)
(136)
H 2O + CO 2 + 2Na +
NC
ON
(137)
CN
Fe
CN
CN . 2H2O CN
Na 2CO 3
Official Drugs
Hydralazine Hydrochloride, I.P. Hydralazine Hydrochloride, B.P. 1-Hydrazin
ophthalazine hydrochloride; phthalazin-l-ylhydrazine hydrochloride. It is a white or
almost white crystalline powder; soluble in water. In plasma hydralazine is chiefly
present as a hydrazone with pyruvic acid. Hydralazine hydrochloride is used for the
treatment of moderate h, severe hypertension usually in conjunction with a beta-blocker
and a thiazide diuretic. The oral dose is 10 mg four times a day, gradually
increased up to 50 mg four times a day. It may be given by slow intravenous
injection or by intravenous infusion for hypertensive emergencies; the dose
range is 20 to 40 mg, repeated as may be necessary. It has also been given by
intramuscular injection.
Preparations: Hydralazine Injection, B.P. Hydralazine Tablets, B.P.Proprietary Name:
APRESOLINE
Diazoxide, B.P. 7-Chloro-3-methyl-2H-1,2,4- benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide. It is a
white or almost white, crystalline powder; practically insoluble in water.
Diazoxide is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. About 20 to 25% of the
drug is eliminated as such by the kidney, and the remaining is metabolized in the
liver to the 3- hydroxymethyl and 3-carboxy derivatives. Diazoxide is given
intravenously for the treatment of hypertensive emergencies. The parenteral dose is 1 to 3
mg per kg body weight within 30 seconds, up to a maximum of 150 mg and repeated
after 5 to 15 minutes, if required. Diazoxide is given by mouth in the treatment of
intractable hypoglycemia. The initial dose is 5 mg per kg daily in 2-3 divided doses.
The hyperglycemic effect normally lasts for up to 8 hours.
Preparations: Diazoxide Injection, B.P. Diazoxide Tablets, B.P.Proprietary Names:
EUDEMINE; HYPERSTAT I.V.