terms, abbreviations, and linguistic symbols - David Steinberg's ...
terms, abbreviations, and linguistic symbols - David Steinberg's ...
terms, abbreviations, and linguistic symbols - David Steinberg's ...
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EEEE----book book book book Biblical Biblic Biblic Biblical<br />
al al Hebrew Hebrew Hebrew Hebrew Poetry Poetry Poetry Poetry <strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Word Word Word Word Play Play Play Play ---- Reconstructing Reconstructing Reconstructing Reconstructing the the the the Original Original Original Original Oral, Oral, Oral, Oral, Aural Aural Aural Aural <strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Visual Visual Visual Visual Experience<br />
Experience Experience<br />
Experience by by by by <strong>David</strong> <strong>David</strong> <strong>David</strong> <strong>David</strong> Steinberg Steinberg Steinberg Steinberg<br />
{ { { } } encloses encloses morphemic morphemic element, element, morphemic, morphemic, element, element, morphemic morphemic junction junction or or root.<br />
root.<br />
( ( ) ) in transcriptions encl encloses: encl<br />
oses: (a) (a) an an element element included included in an alternative reconstruction; reconstruction; or, or, (b) (b) an<br />
an<br />
omissible omissible or or optional optional element element. element . Thus EBH BH BHP BH /qaˈṭal al alta(ː)/ al indicates that the the pronunciation pronunciation was either<br />
/qaˈṭal al alta/ al or or /qaˈṭal al altaː/ al or that either was an an optio option optio<br />
n at at that that time.<br />
time.<br />
< < 'derives 'derives from from ...'<br />
...'<br />
'leads 'leads to to ...'<br />
...'<br />
>> >> morphophonemic shift<br />
→ → abridged abridged shift shift (i.e. (i.e. without without without intermediate intermediate stages) stages). stages)<br />
# # terminal terminal terminal pause pause. pause<br />
Ø zero zero. zero<br />
~ 'both both fo forms fo<br />
rms exist(ed) exist(ed) exist(ed) synchronically<br />
synchronically'.<br />
synchronically<br />
≈ ≈ ≈ by by analogy analogy to<br />
to<br />
≈hyp. ≈hyp. cor. cor. hypercorrections<br />
hypercorrections hypercorrections or pseudo pseudo-correction.<br />
pseudo<br />
correction. Example Example for forms for ms such such as as רֵאְבּ /bәˈʾệr/<br />
± ± ± 'with with or without without' without<br />
' or 'indifferent to' to'. to'<br />
2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 Symbols Symbols Symbols Symbols Denoting Denoting Denoting Denoting Vowel Vowelssss Vowel Vowel ---- see see see see Vowel Vowel Vowel Vowel Phonemes Phonemes Phonemes Phonemes 28<br />
a) a) Vowel Vowel Vowel Vowel Length Length Length Length<br />
• Transcribing Transcribing diachronic diachronic examples examples -<br />
I. IIIIrreducible rreducible rreducible rreducible HHistorically<br />
HH<br />
istorically istorically istorically Long Long Long Long Vowels Vowels Vowels Vowels i.e. vowels that seem to have been long as<br />
far back as we can reconstruct even if their quality has changed -<br />
/ῑ/, /ē/ ([ɛ̄ ] or [ẹ̄ ] 29 ), /ā/ 30 , /ō/ 31 , /ū/.<br />
N.b. Such vowels can be gained by analogy as in the case of the 1cs.<br />
independent pronoun.<br />
II II. II Irreducible Irreducible Irreducible Irreducible Long Long Long Long Vowels Vowels Vowels Vowels which lengthened due to contraction <strong>and</strong> assimilation -<br />
/î/, /ê/ ([ɛ̂ ] or [ệ]), /â/, /ô/, /û/.<br />
III III. III Long Long Long Long VVVVowels owels owels owels originating from PH anceps vowels, vowels lengthened due to<br />
stress<br />
6
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