224 S. NISIYAMA <strong>part</strong> by a sinuous line................................ Temnotrema sculptum 2. Pores ra<strong>the</strong>r large; ambulacral plates rarely lower than <strong>the</strong> interambulacral ones. Secondary tubercles ra<strong>the</strong>r distinct. Test red in colour; <strong>the</strong> spines red with white b<strong>and</strong>s. Ocular pore concealed by a knob ........ Temnotrema rubrum MORTENSEN (1904, p. 86) suggested that <strong>the</strong>re may be two more species of Temnotrema in <strong>the</strong> Japanese seas. The one resembles sculptul1l, but differs in having larger pits <strong>and</strong> fewer tubercles than <strong>the</strong> latter; <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r is closely related to rubrum, but differs <strong>from</strong> it in having distinct white patches on <strong>the</strong> adapical portion of interambulacra <strong>and</strong> on both ambulacra <strong>and</strong> interambulacra at <strong>the</strong> ambital region. Unfortunately, <strong>the</strong>y lack <strong>the</strong> apical system, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> writer cannot decide <strong>the</strong> specific validity of <strong>the</strong>se specimens. There are two species of this genus occurred as fossil in Japan; <strong>the</strong>y are described in <strong>the</strong> following lines. Temnotrema sculplum A. AGASSIZ, 1863 (Text-figs. 10-14) Temnotrema sculpta A. AGASSIZ, 1863-a, p. 358.-H. L. CLARK, 1912-b, p. 321, pI. 112, figs. 1-2.-Temnotrema sculptum A. AGASSIZ: H. L. CLARK, 1925, p. 92.-MoRTENSE2\', 1929, p. 474.-NISIY AMA, 1936, p. 121, pI. 11, figs. 1O-16.-NISIY A\IA, 1937, p. 53.-H. L. CLARK, 1938-a, p. 388, pI. 26, fig. 6 (Japan).-MoRTENSE:", 1943, p. 249, pI. 19, figs. 1-2, pI. 45, figs. 1-3, 15, text-figs. 133a-b, 134, 135a.-UTINO:VII, 1954, p. 347.-COOKE, 1954, p. 46, pI. 9, figs. 2 (?). Temnopleurus hardwickii SLADE:", 1879, p. 436 (non GRAY, 1855). Pleurechinus bothryoides A. AGASSIZ, 1881-a, p. 108 (<strong>part</strong>im), pI. lOa, figs. 1-2 (non AGASSIZ, 1841, nee 1846).-ToKUNAGA, 1906, pI. 8, figs. 11-12. Pleurechillus variabilis DbDERLEI2\', 1903, p. 706 (<strong>part</strong>im), pI. 61, figs. 5a-b. Pleurechinus variegatus MORTE:"SEN, 1904, p. 84, pI. 1, figs. 5-6,8, 19, pI. 2, fig. 6.-A. AGASSIZ <strong>and</strong> H. L. CLARK, 1907-b, p. 125. Dicoptella agassizii LAMBERT <strong>and</strong> THIERY, 1911, p. 233. Non Temnotrema sculpta H. L. CLARK, 1921, p. 150, pI. 17, fig. 5 (=Tem. siamense (MORTE:"SE:", 1904». Non Dicoptella agassizii LA\lBERT <strong>and</strong> JEA2\':"ET, 1935, p. 34, pI. 1, figs. 55-59, pI. 2, figs. 1-6, pI. 4. frgs. 3-5, 7, text-frgs. 27-39 (= Tem. maculatum (MORTENSE2\', 1904». Locality <strong>and</strong> geological horizon.-IGPS loco no. Ch-1.-Roadside cutting west of Jiz6d6, Makuta-mura, Kimitsu-gun, Chiba Prefecture. (tm Anegasaki, Lat. 35°21'07"N., Long. 140 0 06'02''E.). Jiz6d6 formation, Pleistocene. Hypotype.-IGPS colI. cat. no. 58340-A. A fragmentary specimen at <strong>the</strong> writer's disposal, which is referred to this species. Description of this species, including <strong>the</strong> Recent forms, is as follows. Dimensions; Horizontal diameter 5mm 10mm llmm 12mm 13mm 15mm Height 3" 6" 7" 7" 8" 10" Apical system 1.6" 2.5" 3" 3.5" 3.5" 4" Peristome 2" 4" 5" 5" 5.5" 6.5" Number of ambulacral 8 14 14 15 16 18 plates Number of interambulacral 8 14 14 15 16 18 plates
c e The Echinoid Fauna <strong>from</strong> Japan <strong>and</strong> Adjacent Regions 225 Test low, about 0.6 of horizontal diameter, beautifully rounded above, a little curved inwardly at <strong>the</strong> peristome. Pits (in both areas) small, not reaching to <strong>the</strong> base of primary tubercles, leaving thus a ra<strong>the</strong>r large <strong>part</strong> of horizontal suture not depressed; a faint covering membrane seen around <strong>the</strong> edge of pits. Primary tubercles (of both areas) form a distinct longitudinal series in a column, diminishing very little in size towards <strong>the</strong> apical system <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> peristome; <strong>the</strong>y are almost equally <strong>the</strong>re in both areas; in larger specimens, tubercles ra<strong>the</strong>r crenulate, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>re may be indication of a stellate structure at <strong>the</strong>ir base. Secondary tubercles ra<strong>the</strong>r numerous, in larger specimens very crowded, forming more or less distinct vertical <strong>and</strong> horizontal series; in <strong>the</strong> ambulacra inside <strong>the</strong> primary series <strong>the</strong>re is a vertical series of secondary tubercles, which may be slightly smaller than <strong>the</strong> pri- a Fig. 11. Temnotrema sculptum A. AGASSIZ, test-diameter. x S. Numerals on <strong>the</strong> figures indicate <strong>the</strong> ordinal nUfj1ber of plate <strong>from</strong> <strong>the</strong> peristome. a. An ambulacrum <strong>and</strong> two of half interambulacra on <strong>the</strong> adapical region; b. An interambulacra <strong>and</strong> two of half ambulacra on <strong>the</strong> adapical region; c. An ambulacrum <strong>and</strong> two of half interambulacra at <strong>the</strong> mid-zone; d. An interambulacrum <strong>and</strong> two of half ambulacra at <strong>the</strong> mid-zone; e. An ambulacrum <strong>and</strong> two of half interambulacra at <strong>the</strong> peristomial region; f. An interambulacrum <strong>and</strong> two of half ambulacra at <strong>the</strong> peristomial region. b f d
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