Environmental Chemistry

Those surplus water particles unaffected by soil
absorption can stay on the water membranes by
cohesion(内聚力)(hydrogen bond between water
particles).
The outer layer of membrane water, called
cohesion water or capillary water, is at a higher
level of energy and easier to transport
compared to absorbed water.
2/3 of the water in the water membrane in soil is thought
to be effective to plant growth.