Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey

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Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey Taxonomic notes Mesopotamian Blue is a species endemic to Turkey and morphologically easy to distinguish from similar species. Although originally it was also considered to occur in Lorestan, W Iran, as subspecies Polyommatus dama karindus Riley 1921, that has now been elevated to a full species, Polyommatus karindus (Nazari 2003). Habitat and Ecology The butterfly is a strong flier and has been recorded at altitudes of 1,100-1,900 m in a variety of habitats, from mud-puddling sites -where males usually aggregate - to mountain steppes - where they have been seen hill-topping and patrolling (Karaçetin 2010). Recent observations indicate that its breeding habitat is uncultivated steppes or abandoned vineyards with sparsely distributed shrubs and milkvetch (Astragalus sp.) patches (Hesselbarth et al. 1995, Karaçetin 2010). However, very little is known about its ecology, behaviour and habitat requirements so it is possible that the species may also require the presence of other habitat types. Its larval foodplant may be Onobrychis tournefortii but more research is needed to confirm this. Its larval instars are unknown. Population trend Increasing Decreasing Stable Unknown Population The assessors estimate the population size to be between 100 and 500 individuals. Also the population is prone to extreme fluctuations, so in some years is very scarce (as observed in 1994-95) and some years more abundant (2010). 30 Polyommatus dama Threats Currently populations of Mesopotamian Blue are considered fragmented, isolated and prone to anthropogenic use. The main threats likely to be affecting this butterfly are: road reconstruction and the construction of a dam on the river catchments of Yeşilyurt, Malatya (Wagener 2003); intensive agriculture and irrigation in Adana, Kahramanmaras and Mardin, and house, road and dam construction and afforestation and abandonment of traditional agriculture in Malatya (Karaçetin 2010). Additionally, an incidence of collecting for trade has been reported. M. Wiemers considers collecting this species extensively for trade purposes would be an additional negative pressure, especially serious for small populations. Recommended conservation action Very little information is available on this species, so further research is needed to understand its biology, ecology and behaviour. Current information indicates that it uses a variety of habitats. It is probable that species-centred habitat management planning will be required to conserve this butterfly. Selected References A. Atahan pers. comm. (2010): Telephone conversations between Ali Atahan and Evrim Karaçetin (Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey), July and September 2010. Ambarlı, D. and Ekşioğlu, S. (2010) Rediscovery of Polyommatus dama in Malatya after 10 years. Unpublished report. Ankara: Doğa Koruma Merkezi. Karaçetin, E. (2010) Discovering the status of Mesopotamian blue Polyommatus dama (Lepidoptera:Lycaenidae) in Malatya and Adıyaman, Field Notes for Conservation. Unpublished report. Ankara, Turkey: Doğa Koruma Merkezi. Olivier, A., van der Poorten, D., Puplesiene, J. and de Prins, W. (1999) On the identity of Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) dama, with lectotype designation and redescription of its karyotype. Nota Lepidopterologica, 22(3), pp.197-211. Wagener, S. Turkey IN: C. van Swaay and M. Warren (eds.) (2003) Prime Butterfly Areas in Europe. The Netherlands: Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries. Assessment date 29.08.2010 Assessors Karaçetin, E., Welch, H.J., Schurian, K. & Wiemers, M. Karaçetin, E. and Welch, H.J. (2011). Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey. Ankara, Turkey: Doğa Koruma Merkezi. Available from: [www.dkm.org.tr]
001850 Order: LEPIDOPTERA Family: LYCAENIDAE Polyommatus theresiae Schurian, van Oorschot & van den Brink, 1992 IUCN Global Red List category IUCN Global Red List criteria - - Assessment submitted to IUCN for Global Red List: approval pending RECENT SYNONYMS Scientific: Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) theresiae English: Theresia’s Blue Turkish: Çokgözlü Teresya DISTRIBUTION - Global: Turkey. Turkey: Extent Of Occurrence (EOO) post 1980 (km 2 ) 4 Area Of Occupancy (AOO) post 1980 (km 2 ) 4 Turkey, recorded from only one locality in northern Adana. Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey EN Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v) ENDEMIC RED LIST ASSESSMENT JUSTIFICATION Despite the five localities presented in Hesselbarth et al. (1995), work by Olivier et al. (1999) found this species to be an endemic restricted to one locality in northern Adana. With spatial adjustment the AOO is estimated to be 4 km 2 . This is thus a very localised species with an estimated total population of less than 1,000 individuals. It occurs very close to a settlement but, despite its accessibility and the fact that it was recorded in six years out of 10 immediately before it was described, since 1992 there have been only two records, in 1994 and 1998, the latter when four specimens were collected in relation to the Olivier et al. (1999) paper; this indicates a possible decline in the number of mature individuals. Settlement expansion, with its associated infrastructure development (e.g. road widening/building, installation of power lines) is considered a potential threat and could affect any part of the species’ range, although there is substantial uncertainty about whether habitat quality is currently declining. However, due to the small range area and the nature of the threat, the number of locations is likely to be five or fewer. Considering the available information and the uncertainties, the most plausible threat category is thus judged to be Endangered (up to five locations plus potential decline in habitat quality and the number of mature individuals). Karaçetin, E. and Welch, H.J. (2011). Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey. Ankara, Turkey: Doğa Koruma Merkezi. Available from: [www.dkm.org.tr] Key Males, above & below ©Hesselbarth et al. (1995) Provinces with records since 1980 Provinces with only old records, before 1979 31
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003110 Order: LEPIDOPTERA Family: N
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All DD species assessments were car
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000380 000840 Family: PIERIDAE Pier
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000360 000450 000540 Family: PIERID
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000770 Family: LYCAENIDAE Nekrutenk
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002850 003060 Family: NYMPHALIDAE G
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003680 003690 Family: HESPERIIDAE E
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Table 7. Data Deficient (DD) specie
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This list presents the revised list
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Code Scientific name Species author
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Karaçetin, E. and Welch, H.J. (201
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Bibliography Abadjiev, S. and Beshk
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Munzuroğlu, O., Karataş, F. and G
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van Swaay, C., Wynhoff, I., Verovni
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the best available evidence indicat
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Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey Red Book of Butterflies in Turkey

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