CONTENT - International Society of Zoological Sciences

ICZ2008 – Abstracts S21
S21 - The ecological and evolutionary consequences of global climate evolution on population,
species and ecosystem
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF): free and
open access to biodiversity data
Anne-Sophie Archambeau, Eric Chenin, Régine Vignes-Lebbe,
Adil El Filali and Justine Cheval
GBIF France, MNHN Géologie, CP 48, 43 Rue Buffon, 75005
Paris, France
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF,
http://www.gbif.org) is an international organization that is working
to make the world's biodiversity data accessible anywhere in the
world. Currently, 42 countries and 37 international organizations
share their data and catalyzed agreements on many of the
standards and protocols required to make disparate datasets
compatible.
Over 145 million of scientific data records from over 2000 datasets
from 242 institutions worldwide are now accessible through the
GBIF data portal (http://data.gbif.org). The two types of data
currently being shared are:
• Species occurrence records (based on specimens and
observations) - information about the occurrence of species at
particular times and places.
• Names and classifications of organisms - information on the
names (both scientific and common) used for species and on the
classification of those organisms into taxonomic hierarchies.
Most of the data shared by the GBIF network can be mapped
geospatially, which allows a vast array of analysis such as
ecological niche modelling. Different web services are also
available and can be reused by others applications. A global
biodiversity commons is thus now a reality, allowing access to
previously inaccessible records, and analyses which were
previously impossible.
The national GBIF nodes develop tools to enlarge the GBIF
activities and help dataproviders to connect their data to the GBIF
portal. The French node (http://www.gbif.fr) can be contacted at
the following address: gbif@gbif.fr and the following number: +33
(0)1 40798065.
Diversity, endemism and conservation priorities of desert fish
in Algeria
Rachid Bouhadad
FSB/USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
Two hydrographic networks exists in Algeria: the first is an actual
basin, gathering the rivers, the natural lakes and other point of
water in the North of the country, as for the other it’s a fossilized
basin covering several points of water in the Sahara. The desert
freshwater could be considered poorly studied - consequently, the
systematic and the biogeography data are changed from an author
to another one for several species, notably morph metric data’s.
This part of view is perfectly verified by the recent work, which
used molecular markers and other tools on the genus Barbus
(detailed in text). The list of Algerian freshwater is established
according to our investigations (which cover all the hydrographic
network in the north and the Sahara), the species cited in literature
which are often conserved in Museums
According to the list of fish established, it provides that the
Cyprinidae, the Cobitidae and the Cichlidae families are
respectively more represented. In an other fact, endemic species
(Barbus deserti and the catfish genus Clarias have been gathered
(but threatened for the first species).
The genus Barbus largely abundant as wild populations, is
represented by diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid species in the
North of Africa. According to the ploïdy diversity (three levels), and
osteological characters, the genus Barbus has been considered as
a phylogenetic assemblage. Five different groups have been
identified in the sahara/: the diploid species (endangered) are
restricted to the Ahaggar mountains (protected area actually), this
situation seems to coincide with the morphological and taxonomic
distribution proposition (Pellegrin, 1939) with some exceptions
according to a study realised with biochemical markers.
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The effect of climate change on bird communities
Denis Couvet, Frédéric Jiguet and Romain Julliard
UMR 5173 MNHN-CNRS-UPMC, 55 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris,
France
Birds offer the advantage that data are numerous, due to a longterm
effort to organize a network of observers who collect data on
numerous sites.
Analyses of the results in France for the last twenty years shows
very clearly changes of distribution towards northern latitudes.
We will discuss which species are moving, how it is related to their
life-histories, and how much these moves are as important as
expected, or if one can consider there is a lag relative to climate
changes.
We will finally discuss functional consequences that can be
derived from these different results.
The impact of global warming on polar seas: expected
changes on Antarctic Echinoid fauna and forecasts for the
future?
Bruno David 1 , María Eugenia Manjón-Cabeza 2 , Francina Moya 2 ,
Thérèse Choné 1 , Thomas Saucède 1 and Chantal De Ridder 3
1
Biogéosciences, CNRS/université de Bourgogne, 6 bvd Gabriel,
21000 Dijon, France
2
Dpto. Biología Animal, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de
Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
3
Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Université Libre de Bruxelles,
1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
Global models propose climate evolution scenarios that forecast a
global warming strongly impacting Polar seas. In Antarctica,
several studies have shown that fauna is already affected by
global warming and that some species display new geographical
distributions. In this context, it is important to set precisely the
present day biogeographic distributions in order to have access to
the dynamic of changes, and to the potential vulnerability of
species. To address this question, biogeographic comparisons of
echinoid fauna have been performed to settle links between South
American and West Antarctica. Indeed, southward migrations of
cold temperate fauna can be expected as the Magellanic area is in
connection with the Antarctic Peninsula via South Georgia and
South Sandwich islands and via ridges surrounding the Scotia Sea.
Depending on their feeding habits (carnivorous, algivorous or
omnivorous), trophic plasticity, and life strategies (brooders or
indirect developers), we can expect the echinoids to cope in
different ways with environmental changes. The data analyzed
cover more than 150 years of exploration, up to the most recent
cruises. Comparisons have been done considering several subregions
and involve analyses of raw distribution data of the whole
echinoid fauna, but also take in consideration more specific
aspects such as reproductive strategies, feeding habits, or
phylogeny. All these aspects allow to set hypotheses for the
evolution of the echinoid fauna in the forthcoming decades,
particularly regarding what group(s) would be more prone to
migration/extinction processes as enhanced by global warming.