CONTENT - International Society of Zoological Sciences

S22 ICZ2008 - Abstracts
Organogenesis in vitro using undifferentiated cells and their
molecular approaches in Vertebrate Development
Makoto Asashima
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo,
ICORP Organ Regeneration Project, Japan Science and
Technology Agency (JST), Japan
In early development of animals, the prototype of formation is
completed during the period from fertilization to the larval stage.
Regular gene expressions and visceral formation, as well as other
important phenomena involved in the features of embryonic
uniformity, occur as an embryonic development program
progresses. The degree of understanding of these phenomena in
the terms of molecular language is a major problem in both
developmental and cell biology. On this occasion, mechanisms
underlying visceral formation, morphological formation, the
structural development, and structural function become issues.
Under these circumstances, visceral formation of 22 types of
organs, such as the pancreas, kidney, eyeball, etc., using
undifferentiated cells from frogs and the types of genes used for
this formation via controlled expression, are outlined in the former
half of this article.
In the latter half of this article the possibility of visceral formation
being achieved by using murine ES cells is described. Visceral
formation from human stem cells is also described with reference
to knowledge obtained by other investigators. The possibility of invitro
visceral formation from murine ES cells has also become an
issue. We have achieved various types of visceral formation,
including those of nerves, smooth muscle, myocardium, the
intestinal tract and fat cells, by using signal molecules such as
activin, RAR and RXR. In connection with this, concentrations of
activin and RA and changes in differentiation morphology and
function are also discussed. The structure and function of these
patterns of in-vitro visceral formation have become important
issues.
Embryonic and larval development of garpike Belone belone
(Linnaeus, 1761)
Jakov Dulčić, Branimir Baždarić, Leon Grubišić and Pero Tutman
Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, POB 500, 21000
Split, Croatia
Eggs of garpike Belone belone (L.) were fertilized artificially and
incubated under natural temperature and salinity conditions in the
laboratory. Peculiarities in egg morphometry and in the course of
embryogenesis of the Adriatic garpike were studied. The eggs,
measuring 3.07±0.75 mm in diameter are equipped in viscous
filamentous processes. Yolk-sac is homogeneous and does not
contain oil globules. The embryonic development takes 330 D 0 (at
temperatures varied between 19.4 0 C and 22.3 0 C). The Adriatic
garpike embryonic mortality was high and exceeds 90%. The
larvae carry a residual yolk sac and are fully prepared to live
independently in water and to feed efficiently. The newly hatched,
fully pigmented larvae measured 10.50±0.35 mm and were
equipped with a residual 1.96 mm 3 yolk sac. Yolk sac was
absorbed 17-48 h after hatching and immediately thereafter the
larvae catches air bubble in purpose of making swimming bladder.
A peculiar detail of the garpike embryogenesis is a certain
extension of the embryonic development at the expense of the
larval stage duration.
S23 - Comparative organogenesis in Animals
- 94 -
Muscular developmental asynchrony during the early growth
phase in the king penguin chick
Aude Erbrech, Nathalie Guérin, Delphine Verrier, Catheline
Gaudin, René Groscolas and Jean-Patrice Robin
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Département Ecologie
Physiologie Ethologie, UMR 7178 CNRS/ULP, associé à
l’Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy 1, 23 rue Becquerel, 67087
Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
Continuous growth and steady parental food supply is a general
trend in the rearing of young. However, in some species, food
supply may be reduced seasonally for prolonged periods. Little is
known about the impact of this energy constraint on the obligatory
maturation of tissues. This was investigated in king penguin chicks
which are reared by parents for one year. We compare the
development of the pelvic and pectoral muscles in early growth,
before the transitory growth arrest induced by winter food
restriction. Data, obtained from freshly predated birds with
developmental indices similar to those of free-living ones, were
compared with adults. Muscle mass increased more slowly than
total body mass in the pectoral girdle (P