CONTENT - International Society of Zoological Sciences
CONTENT - International Society of Zoological Sciences
CONTENT - International Society of Zoological Sciences
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S21 ICZ2008 - Abstracts<br />
Assessing the invasion potential <strong>of</strong> the Colorado potato<br />
beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, to Northern Europe<br />
Sanna Boman 1 , Alessandro Grapputo 2 , Leena Lindström 1 , Anne<br />
Lyytinen 1 , Johanna Mappes 1 and S. Piiroinen 1<br />
1<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box<br />
35, FI-40014 University <strong>of</strong> Jyväskylä, Finland<br />
2<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> Biology, University <strong>of</strong> Padua, Via U. Bassi, 58/B,<br />
35121 Padova, Italy<br />
To prevent or manage invasions <strong>of</strong> alien species, it is vital to study<br />
their invasion potential before they colonize new areas. We<br />
assessed the potential <strong>of</strong> a well-known invader, the Colorado<br />
potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), to expand north <strong>of</strong> its<br />
current range in Europe by studying genetic variability in life history<br />
traits from four geographically distinct populations (Russia, Estonia,<br />
Poland and Italy). We further assessed the cold tolerance during<br />
development and whether mild stress (pesticide) confers cost in<br />
terms <strong>of</strong> metabolic rate and fat content. Our results show that<br />
European L. decemlineata still exhibit adaptive genetic variation in<br />
life-history traits, indicating that there is potential for evolution in<br />
these traits. In particular the northern population (St. Petersburg,<br />
Russia) <strong>of</strong> L..decemlineata developed significantly faster than the<br />
central one (Poland), indicating adaptation to a short growing<br />
season. Beetles were very cold tolerant as exposing larvae to<br />
subzero temperature (simulating night frosts) did not incur mortality.<br />
We found also that pesticide selection (i.e. parents exposed to<br />
pesticides) can cause significant costs in their <strong>of</strong>fspring (smaller<br />
size, higher metabolic rate), which impairs overwintering success<br />
and thereby may retard their invasion potential and colonization<br />
success. This study demonstrates the importance <strong>of</strong> considering<br />
both ecological and evolutionary aspects when assessing invasion<br />
risk.<br />
A preliminary account <strong>of</strong> the green leafhopper Jacobiasca<br />
lybica in the northen vineyard <strong>of</strong> Algeria<br />
Farid Bounaceur<br />
16, street Hassan Badi el Harrach Algiers, 16200, El harrach<br />
Algiers, Algeria<br />
The dynamics <strong>of</strong> populations and damage on three industrial vines<br />
newly introduced in Algeria has been studied in a vineyard to the<br />
west <strong>of</strong> the plain <strong>of</strong> the Mitidja by numbering <strong>of</strong> larvae on whole<br />
plants and adults captured by yellow chromoactive traps during<br />
two consecutive years 2005 to 2006. The follow-up <strong>of</strong> populations<br />
showed the succession <strong>of</strong> four generations and those from the<br />
month <strong>of</strong> April until the month <strong>of</strong> August for the two years <strong>of</strong> the<br />
follow-up. The exam <strong>of</strong> infestations showed that the Merlot vine<br />
accuses big preferences in relation to cabernet sauvignon and the<br />
Syrah, indeed the number <strong>of</strong> green leafhopper observed on these<br />
last vines in 2nd and 3rd generations passes the recommended<br />
percentage extensively. The leaf damage was observed in all<br />
variety, so Merlot variety accused the most important damage,<br />
80% <strong>of</strong> their leaf were attacked, 45% about Cabernet-Sauvignon<br />
and 25% for Syrah variety.<br />
About the mealybug Planococcus ficus in northern<br />
vineayards <strong>of</strong> Algeria<br />
Farid Bounaceur, Farid Boustila, Atika Guendouz-Benrima and<br />
Bahia Doumandji-Mitiche<br />
16, street Hassan Badi el Harrach Algiers, 16200, El harrach<br />
Algiers, Algeria<br />
The scales on vines were seen from nearly a century as secondary<br />
pests. Recent experiments have shown their involvement in the<br />
transfer and the spread <strong>of</strong> the disease <strong>of</strong> winding vines, which may<br />
affect somewhat taking into account their control. Under a<br />
monitoring pest <strong>of</strong> vineyard in Algeria, mealybug proved as an<br />
important major economic pest in Northen Vineyard <strong>of</strong> Algeria. In<br />
S22 - Studies <strong>of</strong> invasive animal species<br />
- 90 -<br />
this study we describe and evaluate, infestations, estimate the<br />
damage and understand the sensitivity <strong>of</strong> type <strong>of</strong> wines in Mitidja<br />
areas Northern <strong>of</strong> Algeria. The monitoring was conducted during<br />
2007 season, during spring and summer, the results have shown<br />
differences between grapes and appellations, rates vary<br />
infestations, damage estimated seem to be important mainly for<br />
the some variety Mitidja.<br />
Reintroduction <strong>of</strong> Chinese water deer(Hydropotes inermis)<br />
to Shanghai, China<br />
Min Chen and Endi Zhang<br />
School <strong>of</strong> Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai<br />
200062, China<br />
Chinese water deer ( Hydropotes inermis ) is classified as the<br />
second class <strong>of</strong> protected animals in China, and ranked as LR/nt in<br />
IUCN red data book. The distribution and population <strong>of</strong> the water<br />
deer in China were declined rapidly, the species suffered habited<br />
lost. Based on partly survey, the totally number <strong>of</strong> the Chinese<br />
water deer was estimated not more than 10,000 in the field. It is<br />
necessary to making strategy on conservation and management to<br />
recovery the species. Assessing the feasibility for reintroduction <strong>of</strong><br />
the Chinese water deer based on textual research <strong>of</strong> the deer<br />
populations in the history, survival condition, investigation <strong>of</strong> public<br />
attitude and local condition. The water deer only disappeared in<br />
Shanghai only about 100 years, and most surveyed local people<br />
would like to invest to reintroduction <strong>of</strong> the water deer. The project<br />
selected a plot in Shanghai to the reintroduction and aims to<br />
recovery Chinese water deer in Shanghai. A group <strong>of</strong> Chinese<br />
water deer have been released into a Park on the round-the-city<br />
greenbelt area between rural and urban <strong>of</strong> Shanghai in 2007. If the<br />
water deer can inhabit Shanghai and no incline to invasive local<br />
ecology by monitoring <strong>of</strong> this population, we will plan to release the<br />
deer to open areas around the city.<br />
A pr<strong>of</strong>ile <strong>of</strong> bird invasions – how are they related to European<br />
politics?<br />
François Chiron and Salit Kark<br />
The Biodiversity Research Group, Dept. <strong>of</strong> Evolution, Systematics<br />
and Ecology, The Institute <strong>of</strong> Life <strong>Sciences</strong>, The Hebrew University<br />
<strong>of</strong> Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.<br />
We questioned whether European politics in the 20 th century were<br />
responsible for less introductions <strong>of</strong> birds in Eastern Europe than<br />
in Western Europe. We focused on the consequences <strong>of</strong> the socalled<br />
Cold War (1949-1991) that split Europe into two political and<br />
economic blocs. During this period, every aspect <strong>of</strong> trade and<br />
abilities <strong>of</strong> humans to travel have been affected, isolating the<br />
Eastern Europe from the rest <strong>of</strong> the world. To test embargo effects<br />
on bird introductions in Eastern Europe, we assessed variations <strong>of</strong><br />
introduction efforts between the Eastern and the Western blocs,<br />
before, during and after the Cold War. We expected that the<br />
embargo has drastically disrupted introductions <strong>of</strong> birds imported<br />
from other continents.<br />
We used a very recent dataset on bird invasions we generated as<br />
part <strong>of</strong> DAISIE 1 consortium. Introduction histories are presented in<br />
the context <strong>of</strong> trade and people movement regulation policies and<br />
impacts <strong>of</strong> the Cold War were tested using an experimental design<br />
<strong>of</strong> analysis. Our results pointed out the effect <strong>of</strong> the embargo on<br />
the number <strong>of</strong> birds transported and released in Eastern Europe<br />
during the Cold War. Further, we showed the importance <strong>of</strong><br />
multilateral agreements involving countries <strong>of</strong> a same bloc on<br />
pattern <strong>of</strong> introductions.<br />
This study suggests that politics can affect human activities and<br />
subsequent introductions <strong>of</strong> birds at the scale <strong>of</strong> Europe. Any large<br />
scale study should consider economic and political history as a key<br />
factor to understand bird invasion patterns.<br />
1 Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe