CONTENT - International Society of Zoological Sciences

S21 ICZ2008 - Abstracts
Assessing the invasion potential of the Colorado potato
beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, to Northern Europe
Sanna Boman 1 , Alessandro Grapputo 2 , Leena Lindström 1 , Anne
Lyytinen 1 , Johanna Mappes 1 and S. Piiroinen 1
1
Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box
35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
2
Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi, 58/B,
35121 Padova, Italy
To prevent or manage invasions of alien species, it is vital to study
their invasion potential before they colonize new areas. We
assessed the potential of a well-known invader, the Colorado
potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), to expand north of its
current range in Europe by studying genetic variability in life history
traits from four geographically distinct populations (Russia, Estonia,
Poland and Italy). We further assessed the cold tolerance during
development and whether mild stress (pesticide) confers cost in
terms of metabolic rate and fat content. Our results show that
European L. decemlineata still exhibit adaptive genetic variation in
life-history traits, indicating that there is potential for evolution in
these traits. In particular the northern population (St. Petersburg,
Russia) of L..decemlineata developed significantly faster than the
central one (Poland), indicating adaptation to a short growing
season. Beetles were very cold tolerant as exposing larvae to
subzero temperature (simulating night frosts) did not incur mortality.
We found also that pesticide selection (i.e. parents exposed to
pesticides) can cause significant costs in their offspring (smaller
size, higher metabolic rate), which impairs overwintering success
and thereby may retard their invasion potential and colonization
success. This study demonstrates the importance of considering
both ecological and evolutionary aspects when assessing invasion
risk.
A preliminary account of the green leafhopper Jacobiasca
lybica in the northen vineyard of Algeria
Farid Bounaceur
16, street Hassan Badi el Harrach Algiers, 16200, El harrach
Algiers, Algeria
The dynamics of populations and damage on three industrial vines
newly introduced in Algeria has been studied in a vineyard to the
west of the plain of the Mitidja by numbering of larvae on whole
plants and adults captured by yellow chromoactive traps during
two consecutive years 2005 to 2006. The follow-up of populations
showed the succession of four generations and those from the
month of April until the month of August for the two years of the
follow-up. The exam of infestations showed that the Merlot vine
accuses big preferences in relation to cabernet sauvignon and the
Syrah, indeed the number of green leafhopper observed on these
last vines in 2nd and 3rd generations passes the recommended
percentage extensively. The leaf damage was observed in all
variety, so Merlot variety accused the most important damage,
80% of their leaf were attacked, 45% about Cabernet-Sauvignon
and 25% for Syrah variety.
About the mealybug Planococcus ficus in northern
vineayards of Algeria
Farid Bounaceur, Farid Boustila, Atika Guendouz-Benrima and
Bahia Doumandji-Mitiche
16, street Hassan Badi el Harrach Algiers, 16200, El harrach
Algiers, Algeria
The scales on vines were seen from nearly a century as secondary
pests. Recent experiments have shown their involvement in the
transfer and the spread of the disease of winding vines, which may
affect somewhat taking into account their control. Under a
monitoring pest of vineyard in Algeria, mealybug proved as an
important major economic pest in Northen Vineyard of Algeria. In
S22 - Studies of invasive animal species
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this study we describe and evaluate, infestations, estimate the
damage and understand the sensitivity of type of wines in Mitidja
areas Northern of Algeria. The monitoring was conducted during
2007 season, during spring and summer, the results have shown
differences between grapes and appellations, rates vary
infestations, damage estimated seem to be important mainly for
the some variety Mitidja.
Reintroduction of Chinese water deer(Hydropotes inermis)
to Shanghai, China
Min Chen and Endi Zhang
School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai
200062, China
Chinese water deer ( Hydropotes inermis ) is classified as the
second class of protected animals in China, and ranked as LR/nt in
IUCN red data book. The distribution and population of the water
deer in China were declined rapidly, the species suffered habited
lost. Based on partly survey, the totally number of the Chinese
water deer was estimated not more than 10,000 in the field. It is
necessary to making strategy on conservation and management to
recovery the species. Assessing the feasibility for reintroduction of
the Chinese water deer based on textual research of the deer
populations in the history, survival condition, investigation of public
attitude and local condition. The water deer only disappeared in
Shanghai only about 100 years, and most surveyed local people
would like to invest to reintroduction of the water deer. The project
selected a plot in Shanghai to the reintroduction and aims to
recovery Chinese water deer in Shanghai. A group of Chinese
water deer have been released into a Park on the round-the-city
greenbelt area between rural and urban of Shanghai in 2007. If the
water deer can inhabit Shanghai and no incline to invasive local
ecology by monitoring of this population, we will plan to release the
deer to open areas around the city.
A profile of bird invasions – how are they related to European
politics?
François Chiron and Salit Kark
The Biodiversity Research Group, Dept. of Evolution, Systematics
and Ecology, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
We questioned whether European politics in the 20 th century were
responsible for less introductions of birds in Eastern Europe than
in Western Europe. We focused on the consequences of the socalled
Cold War (1949-1991) that split Europe into two political and
economic blocs. During this period, every aspect of trade and
abilities of humans to travel have been affected, isolating the
Eastern Europe from the rest of the world. To test embargo effects
on bird introductions in Eastern Europe, we assessed variations of
introduction efforts between the Eastern and the Western blocs,
before, during and after the Cold War. We expected that the
embargo has drastically disrupted introductions of birds imported
from other continents.
We used a very recent dataset on bird invasions we generated as
part of DAISIE 1 consortium. Introduction histories are presented in
the context of trade and people movement regulation policies and
impacts of the Cold War were tested using an experimental design
of analysis. Our results pointed out the effect of the embargo on
the number of birds transported and released in Eastern Europe
during the Cold War. Further, we showed the importance of
multilateral agreements involving countries of a same bloc on
pattern of introductions.
This study suggests that politics can affect human activities and
subsequent introductions of birds at the scale of Europe. Any large
scale study should consider economic and political history as a key
factor to understand bird invasion patterns.
1 Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe