The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Isopoda, Aegidae (Crustacea)

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Epulaega gen. nov...................................................................................................................................... 5 Key to the New Zealand species of Epulaega .................................................................................... 52 Epulaega derkoma sp. nov. (Figs 92–95) ............................................................................................... 52 Epulaega fracta (Hale, 940), comb. nov. (Figs 96–99) ....................................................................... 56 Genus Rocinela Leach, 8 8 ..................................................................................................................... 6 Key to the New Zealand species of Rocinela ..................................................................................... 62 Rocinela bonita sp. nov. (Figs 00– 04) ............................................................................................... 63 Rocinela garricki Hurley, 957 (Figs 05– 09) .................................................................................... 69 Rocinela leptopus sp. nov. (Figs 0– 3) ............................................................................................ 74 Rocinela pakari sp. nov. (Figs 4– 8) ................................................................................................ 78 Rocinela resima sp. nov. (Figs 9– 22) ............................................................................................... 84 Rocinela runga sp. nov. (Figs 23– 25) ................................................................................................ 89 Rocinela satagia sp. nov. (Figs 26– 29) .............................................................................................. 93 Rocinela sp. ............................................................................................................................................. 98 Genus Syscenus Harger, 880 .................................................................................................................. 98 Key to the New Zealand species of Syscenus .................................................................................... 99 Syscenus kapoo sp. nov. (Figs 30, 3 ) ............................................................................................... 99 Syscenus latus Richardson, 909 (Figs 32– 34) ................................................................................202 Syscenus moana Bruce, 2005 (Fig. 35) ................................................................................................206 Syscenus springthorpei Bruce, 997 (Fig. 36) .....................................................................................208 Syscenus sp. ............................................................................................................................................2 0 Uncertain status or records ........................................................................................................................2 0 Aega cyclops Haswell, 88 ...................................................................................................................2 0 Aega novizealandiae Dana, 853, nomen dubium ..............................................................................2 Rocinela orientalis Schioedte & Meinert, 879 ....................................................................................2 Species included in the Aegidae ................................................................................................................2 2 Aega Leach, 8 5 ....................................................................................................................................2 2 Aegapheles gen. nov. ..............................................................................................................................2 3 Aegiochus Bovallius, 885 .....................................................................................................................2 3 Alitropus Milne Edwards, 840 ...........................................................................................................2 4 Epulaega gen. nov. .................................................................................................................................2 4 Rocinela Leach, 8 8 ..............................................................................................................................2 4 Syscenus Harger, 880 ...........................................................................................................................2 5 Xenuraega Tattersall, 909 ....................................................................................................................2 5 Ross Sea and Antarctic Islands (Balleny Islands) species ......................................................................2 6 Aegiochus antarctica (Hodgson, 9 0), comb. nov. (Fig. 37) ...........................................................2 6 Aegiochus glacialis (Tattersall, 92 ), comb. nov. (Fig. 38) .............................................................2 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...............................................................................................................................222 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................................223 APPENDIx . Invalid Aegid names ...............................................................................................................23 APPENDIx 2. Extra-limital species ................................................................................................................232 Aega angustata Whitelegge, 90 (Figs 39, 40) ...............................................................................232 Aega punctulata Miers, 88 (Fig. 4 ) ................................................................................................235 Aegiochus crozetensis (Kussakin & Vasina, 982), comb. nov. (Fig. 42) ........................................237 Aegiochus plebeia (Hansen, 897), comb. nov. (Figs 43, 44) ..........................................................238 Aegiochus uschakovi (Kussakin, 967), comb. nov. (Fig. 45) ...........................................................24 Syscenus intermedius Richardson, 9 0 (Fig. 46) .............................................................................24 APPENDIx 3. Other material examined ........................................................................................................244 APPENDIx 4. Matrices .....................................................................................................................................246 INDEx .................................................................................................................................................................249 6
The isopod fauna of New Zealand has received little attention over the previous two centuries (Bruce 200 ; Poore & Bruce in press), with only two isopod families receiving monographic or revisionary treatment, the Sphaeromatidae by Hurley and Jansen ( 977) and the Haploniscidae by Lincoln ( 985). Within the Cymothoida the Aegidae have perhaps received least attention. The only documentation following the earliest carcinological accounts of Dana ( 852), Miers ( 876a; 876b) and Thomson and Chilton ( 886) was the record of a beach specimen from the Kermadec Islands by Chilton ( 9 ), the incidental mention of a species by Hale ( 926: 233, of Aega cyclops ‘in New Zealand area’), description of a single species of Rocinela by Hurley (1957), a misidentification by Stephenson (1980), and, most recently, popular accounts of the family (Bruce 2002, 2003). Given the low number of previously recorded species (four) from New Zealand, and the relatively low number of marine species known from Australia (28) (excluding subantarctic island territories such as Macquarie Island—including Bruce et al. 2002; Bruce 2004a and those reported here) and South Africa ( ) it comes as a surprise that the New Zealand EEZ, with 47 species, has the greatest number of aegid species of any region of the world (Australia can be said to have several regions such as Southern, Indian and Pacific Oceans, though only two species have been recorded from other than eastern coasts). The East Pacific (see Brusca 983; Wetzer 990; Brusca & France 992) with 5 species and North Atlantic (see Kussakin 979; Brand & Andres 2008; Bruce 993a) with 8 species are relatively well documented and the recorded diversity is probably close to actuality. Australian aegids have received some attention (Bruce 983; 988; 997a,b; 2004a; Bruce et al. 2002) and my own examination of museum collections in Australia has revealed numerous as yet undescribed species. In terms of area, New Zealand has the greatest diversity of Aegidae. The area loosely termed the ‘southwestern Pacific’, stretching from eastern Papua New Guinea, through the island nations arc to New Zealand and westwards to the Australian coasts is the region of greatest known diversity for the family Aegidae. Including ‘known undescribed’ species, there are 72 aegid species* from * Trilles and Justine (2004) recorded three species of Aega from New Caledonia. Two of these are misidentifications, the third is not identified to species but is possibly one of the species described by Bruce (2004b). These species are not included in the species totals given here. INtrOductION 7 this region, some 60% [the figures change as new records and species are discovered] of the species recorded worldwide. Museum collections that I have examined (e.g. USNM, Smithsonian Institution; The Natural History Museum, London; Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; and Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen) do not indicate that other regions would have a diversity as great and as yet undocumented. Collections held at various Australian museums, and material collected around New Caledonia, indicate that many species remain to be described from the southwestern Pacific. symbIOsEs Aegidae are well-known associates of fishes, almost exclusively attaching temporarily to the external surfaces. A small number of species are associated with other invertebrates, notably sponges. Klitgaard ( 995) found that Aegiochus ventrosa used only one of eleven examined species of sponge sampled in the northeastern Atlantic. Aegiochus lethrina, an associate of coral-reef fishes, has also been recorded from sponges (Bruce 983). There is one record of an Aegiochus from the cloaca of an ascidian (Wetzer 990). In New Zealand, Aegiochus piihuka sp. nov. is associated with hexactinellid sponges, and Epulaega fracta and Aegiochus spongiophila have also been recorded from hexactinellids (Nunomura 988a). Records of aegids attached to squid (e.g. Bruce 996) are regarded as unconfirmed at present. mIcrOprEdAtOrs Or pArAsItEs? Aegidae are here regarded as micropredators rather than parasites (see Bruce 2003, 2004a; Brusca 983). Parasites are, variously defined, symbionts (e.g. Rohde 982, 2005), and are widely regarded as having some manner of perceived deleterious or harmful effect on the host. Generally a permanent trophic adult association is noted between the parasite and the host individual. Aegids do not fulfil these criteria, and while attacking and feeding on their victims they rarely form a permanent association with their ‘host’, but instead detach following their feed. In a few instances it is known that a species forms a more long-term attachment (e.g. Syscenus—see Ross et al. 200 ). Others, such as Aegiochus lethrina, appear to be feeding on fish mucus within the ‘host’ nasal passages, rather than blood or tissue. Wägele ( 990) gave a brief and incidental description of the mode of
Page 1 and 2: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER AND ATM
Page 3 and 4: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER AND ATM
Page 5: cONtENts ABSTRACT .................
Page 9 and 10: mAtErIAl ExAmINEd Material examined
Page 11 and 12: end on preservation, rendering appa
Page 13 and 14: Figure 3. Terms used in description
Page 15 and 16: y the fact that while some species
Page 17 and 18: Figure 4. Clades in Aega: Strict co
Page 19 and 20: parallel lateral margins (Ch 28.2)
Page 21 and 22: CharaCter List for AegA body charac
Page 23 and 24: Traditionally the Aegidae have been
Page 25 and 26: subOrdEr cymOthOIdA wägElE, 1989 B
Page 27 and 28: 3. Body dorsally compressed; fronta
Page 29 and 30: Figure 8. Aega falklandica Kussakin
Page 31 and 32: Figure 10. Aega falklandica Kussaki
Page 33 and 34: Figure 11. Aega falklandica Kussaki
Page 35 and 36: Figure 12. Aega komai Bruce, 996. N
Page 37 and 38: size: Female 26 mm, two males 6.5 a
Page 39 and 40: Figure 15. Aega monophthalma Johnst
Page 45 and 46: Figure 19. Aega semicarinata Miers,
Page 47 and 48: Figure 21. Aega semicarinata Miers,
Page 49 and 50: pod 2.2 times as long as wide, dist
Page 51 and 52: Figure 23. Aega stevelowei sp. nov.
Page 53 and 54: Figure 25. Aega stevelowei sp. nov.
Page 55 and 56: 4 teeth), lateral margin straight,
Page 57 and 58:
Figure 28. Aega urotoma Barnard, 9
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Figure 30. Aega urotoma Barnard, 9
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Aega whanui sp. nov. (Figs 3 -33) m
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Figure 32. Aega whanui sp. nov. Hol
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distribution: Lord Howe Rise to the
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Figure 34. Aegapheles alazon (Bruce
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Figure 35. Aegapheles birubi (Bruce
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Figure 36. Aegapheles copidis sp. n
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Variation: The left and right uropo
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endopod. Uropod rami with apices br
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Figure 40. Aegapheles mahana sp. no
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teral margin not digitate; endopods
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tenna peduncle article 2 inferior s
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as ischium, .8 times as long as wid
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Aegiochus beri (Bruce, 983), comb.
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Figure 45. Aegiochus beri (Bruce, 1
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Figure 46. Aegiochus bertrandi sp.
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Figure 48. Aegiochus bertrandi sp.
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Aegiochus coroo (Bruce, 983), comb.
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Figure 50. Aegiochus coroo (Bruce,
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size: Males 8.5- 3.0 mm (mean = .4,
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Figure 53. Aegiochus gordoni sp. no
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Figure 55. Aegiochus gordoni sp. no
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New figures of the holotypes of Aeg
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Figure 57. Aegiochus insomnis sp. n
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Figure 59. Aegiochus insomnis sp. n
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distribution: Known only from the P
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Figure 62. Aegiochus kakai sp. nov.
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Figure 64. Aegiochus kakai sp. nov.
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Figure 65. Aegiochus kanohi sp. nov
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Figure 67. Aegiochus kanohi sp. nov
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of ischium-carpus with short RS. Pe
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Figure 69. Aegiochus laevis (Studer
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southwestern or western Pacific; re
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Figure 72. Aegiochus nohinohi sp. n
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Figure 74. Aegiochus nohinohi sp. n
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33°47-44’S, 5 °59’- 52°0 ’
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Figure 76. Aegiochus piihuka sp. no
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Figure 78. Aegiochus piihuka sp. no
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Figure 79. Aegiochus pushkini (Kuss
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Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Aegiochus riwha sp. nov. (Figs 84-8
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Figure 85. Aegiochus riwha sp. nov.
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Figure 87. Aegiochus riwha sp. nov.
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Figure 88. Aegiochus tara sp. nov.
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Figure 90. Aegiochus tara sp. nov.
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uropods, and the elongate and flat
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Figure 92. Epulaega derkoma sp. nov
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Figure 94. Epulaega derkoma sp. nov
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Figure 96. Epulaega fracta (Hale, 9
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Figure 98. Epulaega fracta (Hale, 9
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as long as wide, inferior margin wi
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Rocinela bonita sp. nov. (Figs 00-
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Figure 101. Rocinela bonita sp. nov
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Figure 103. Rocinela bonita sp. nov
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3, more strongly produced uropod pe
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Figure 106. Rocinela garricki Hurle
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Figure 108. Rocinela garricki Hurle
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Figure 110. Rocinela leptopus sp. n
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Figure 112. Rocinela leptopus sp. n
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Figure 114. Rocinela pakari sp. nov
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Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Figure 119. Rocinela resima sp. nov
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Figure 121. Rocinela resima sp. nov
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Variation: Based on the four type s
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Figure 124. Rocinela runga sp. nov.
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3, and uropodal rami that are relat
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Figure 127. Rocinela satagia sp. no
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Figure 129. Rocinela satagia sp. no
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genus Aega (e.g. A. falklandica, A.
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Figure 131. Syscenus kapoo sp. nov.
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Figure 132. Syscenus latus Richards
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Figure 134. Syscenus latus Richards
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Figure 135. Syscenus moana Bruce, 2
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Figure 136. Syscenus springthorpei
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evision of the species based on goo
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a nomen nudum in a footnote, by Kr
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Rocinela insularis Schioedte & Mein
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Figure 137. Aegiochus antarctica (H
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flattened antennule peduncle articl
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0 acute RS (2 simple setae); carpus
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AMAR, R.; ROMAN, M.-L. 974: Invert
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DOLLFUS, A. 89 : Crustacés Isopode
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KUSSAKIN, O.G.; VASINA, G.S. 982: A
Page 229 and 230:
ROHDE, K. 2005: Marine Parasitology
Page 231 and 232:
AppENdIx 1. INvAlId AEgId NAmEs Inc
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Figure 139. Aega angustata Whiteleg
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of the uropodal exopod lacking serr
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present this record can only be con
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Figure 143. Aegiochus plebeia (Hans
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posterior margin (rather than conve
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H Figure 146. Syscenus intermedius
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Aegiochus aff. tara: ♀ (ovig. 27
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magnifica 1122112411 2213124211 131
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Aega, 7, 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 98 Aega
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Greenland, 2 2, 2 3, 2 5 Greenland
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The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Isopoda, Aegidae (Crustacea)

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