Submitted to the Foculty of Groduqte Studies ond Reseorch in portiol ...

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there is question of on ogreement, o cortel, o domi-
nont firm or combine, or neutrqlized competition.
(iv) In the cqse of on ogreement, the tvpe of ogreement,
\^rhether it relqtes to price, quoto system, regionol
morket shoring, speciolizqtion, or excl.usive deoling.
(v) The monner in which, or the mêqns by which, the
restrictive business proctice operotes, i. e., \.,rhether
it is controlled through o centroL body, or whether it
is strengthened by the provision of fines for trqns-
gressioñ, qnd so on.
It is conceptuotly unimportont u/hether or not the restrictive
business prqctice hos detrimentol effects (cf. cose no. 2.
recounted on p. 7l ).
The criterion of rsubstontiol influence' con only be fully
elucidqted by reference to octuol coses, especiolly borderline
coses,r tì¡/o of which oro set forth on pp. AS-46 (nef. 37 pp. 1B-I9
ond 2O respectívety ).
As moy be inferred from the wording rexert or be oble to
exêrt'. not only estoblished or proven influence of o restrÍctive
trqde proctice upon conditions of price, production, or trdnsport
is being considered. The mere possibiLity of such on
influence moy mqke o businêss concern subject to the lqw ond
bring it under control. In this connection the h,riter is referred
to cose no. 2 on p.7l (Ref . 17 pp. 106-9).