Phonology From The Ground Up - University of North Dakota
Phonology From The Ground Up - University of North Dakota
Phonology From The Ground Up - University of North Dakota
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8.! If!the!language!has!dialects,!discuss!them!briefly,!and!tell!how!<br />
the!present!description!relates!to!them.! !<br />
Draft!8/3/11!(not!for!citation);!©!Stephen!A.!Marlett;!provisional!title:!<strong>Phonology</strong>(from(the(<strong>Ground</strong>(<strong>Up</strong>((Part(1).!<br />
! 18!<br />
9.! If!the!variety!<strong>of</strong>!speech!being!described!is!only!one!variety!<strong>of</strong>!<br />
what!might!be!considered!a!single!language,!tell!how!and!why!<br />
it!was!chosen.!<br />
10.! If!there!are!interesting!and!general!sociolects,!mention!them.!<br />
For!example,!if!men’s!and!women’s!speech!patterns!are!<br />
different,!or!if!a!particular!caste!speaks!differently,!then!these!<br />
differences!are!important!to!point!out.!<br />
11.! Keep!the!information!about!the!recordings!that!are!made!(date,!<br />
kind!<strong>of</strong>!equipment,!sampling!rate,!kind!<strong>of</strong>!microphone)!since!<br />
you!may!want!to!give!that!information!in!this!section!(or!you!<br />
may!be!asked!to!give!it!at!some!time).!Be!aware!that!you!<br />
should!get!written!permission!from!the!person!whom!you!<br />
record,!using!whatever!standards!are!appropriate!for!the!<br />
institutions!with!which!you!are!affiliated.!In!the!U.S.,!these!<br />
standards!are!now!set!by!the!Institutional!Review!Board!(IRB)!<br />
<strong>of</strong>!the!relevant!institution.!(If!the!person!being!recorded!is!a!co\<br />
author,!the!situation!is!different,!<strong>of</strong>!course.)!<br />
12.! Indicate!how!the!research!has!been!supported!and!what!<br />
institutions!have!been!involved.!(This!information!actually!<br />
goes!into!a!separate!small!section,!in!this!genre!<strong>of</strong>!presentation,!<br />
that!is!simply!called!“Acknowledgements”.)!<br />
B.18.! ! <strong>The</strong>!information!described!in!the!preceding!lines!is!helpful!and!<br />
important,!as!it!gives!the!reader!a!clearer!picture!about!the!place!<strong>of</strong>!this!<br />
language!in!the!world!and!in!its!immediate!context.!It!also!helps!to!show!<br />
that!the!person!writing!the!description!is!familiar!with!whatever!earlier!<br />
research!has!been!done.!!<br />
B.19.( Case(in(point:!<strong>The</strong>!description!<strong>of</strong>!Tunica!includes!some!very!important!<br />
information!that!must!be!kept!in!mind!when!reading!the!description. 20 !This!<br />
information!includes!the!fact!that!the!speaker!was!the!last!person!who!<br />
could!speak!this!language!“with!any!degree!<strong>of</strong>!fluency”!and!that!he!in!fact!<br />
had!not!conversed!in!it!for!about!twenty\five!years!(since!the!death!<strong>of</strong>!his!<br />
mother),!and!in!fact!as!a!child!preferred!to!speak!to!his!mother!in!French.!<br />
Such!information!is!crucial!to!understanding!the!rest!<strong>of</strong>!the!work.!<br />
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!<br />
20!Haas!(1941).!
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