Pre-feasibility study for a CDM-AR project in the Cochabamba ...

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area to 36%, indicating that in addition to actual deforestation, processes of ongoing forest degradation are also evident. 2.3. Actual socio-economic Situation and Trend 2.3.1. Social structures The community organizational structure (syndicates) is strong; a high level of community involvement is likely to be an important part of this project. Within the families the patriarchal system prevails, decision making and representation towards the community or other organizations is traditionally done by male. In most communities schools were found. 2.3.2. Incomes per family/sources of income Most cash income is generated by palmheart, banana production and pineapple production. Total family income, out of agriculture is estimated in between 500 and 600 USD/year. During fieldwork no questions were asked about the income out of migratory labour (UNAGRUP, 2005). 2.3.3. Knowledge of the project and previous participation in decision-making Some of the interviewed have heard something about CDM-projects, mostly as “oxygen-projects”. It was necessary to give some basic explanation about CDM-AR projects, since the expectations were found very high. There exists knowledge in the communities on tree-planting projects, since there were different forestry projects in the area. There is strong awareness in the farmer’s organizations and within the communities, that they should be involved in the decision making processes. Final decisions about the location of the plantations have to be made by individual landowners. 2.4. Baseline Description The most plausible baseline scenario was defined through a step wise approach based partly upon the approach used in the methodology ARNM0019-NMB (2006): Step 1: A list of plausible alternative land uses is identified for the project area Considering land-use policies, field surveys and interviews with stakeholders the following land uses were identified: • Status Quo: The project lands continue to be used for marginal shifting agricultural purpose and pasture land. Prefeasibility report Chapare 9
• Perennial crops: Shifting cultivation practices will change towards perennial cropping like banana growing, palmheart, pineapple. • Pasture land: Existing fallow land or land currently part of a shifting cultivation system will become pasture land. • Permanent Abandonment of Land: The project lands are abandoned by agriculturalists, and are allowed to naturally revert fully to forest. • Commercial Plantations: Establishment of wood plantations on farm lands for commercial harvests. • Loss of land: Land disappears do to flooding, changes of river courses, land slides. • Agroforestry: Land holders adopt agroforestry practices. • Silvopastoral systems: Land holders adopt silvo pastoral systems Step 2: A list of factors influencing land use systems in the region was identified, like access to land, markets and expected market projections, processing plants and future demand of these plants. Interviews with stakeholders, land use surveys combined with social surveys, show that similar lands in the vicinity are not being converted on a significant scale to either commercial plantations or agroforestry systems. A social and biophysical survey done during October 2005 until May 2006 in 75 different farms, figured out that there is a list of factors influencing land use and farming systems in the area. For farmers the following list of characteristics on land use is considered important: 1. Income within a relatively short period 2. Possibility to have direct access to capital in case of emergencies 3. Investments should generate an increase value of their land 4. Markets for products should be visible; farmers are more willing to invest if clear markets exist for their products. 5. Access to markets should be relatively easy, preferable access should be possible on an individual way, without intervention of much intermediary stakeholders (middleman, community or producers organizations etc..). 6. Handling of products should be relatively easy 7. Constant and secure market is preferred over insecurity in markets. 8. Labour demand, and peaks in labour demand should be well related to labour supply, 9. Relatively simple land use methods are preferred above more complex land use methods. 10. Cost-benefits Without project intervention, using specific strategies to solve the social and economic needs mentioned above it is not very likely land holders will implement plantations by themselves and do the continues management over the years, due to the following: o Agroforestry activities can not compete with point 5,6,7,8,9,10 compared with traditional land use systems. Prefeasibility report Chapare 10
Page 1 and 2: Environment and community based fra
Page 3 and 4: Summary of the Project Idea Propose
Page 5 and 6: Source: Zomer 2006 An integrated fa
Page 7 and 8: The most common agricultural landus
Page 9: Tree canopy densities were calculat
Page 13 and 14: Table 3.1: Estimated average Carbon
Page 15 and 16: Table 4.1: Tree species requirement
Page 17 and 18: Growth response scores are designat
Page 19 and 20: C (tn) 160,00 140,00 120,00 100,00
Page 21 and 22: Table 4.3: Net Carbon Flow (in tn C
Page 23 and 24: were production can be improved and
Page 25 and 26: Table 5.2: average standing wood pr
Page 27 and 28: Table 5.6: financial summary NPV an
Page 29 and 30: 5. Institutional issues 6.1 issues
Page 31 and 32: 6.2.5. Legally and socially accepte
Page 33 and 34: 7.2. Potential social impacts • T
Page 35 and 36: This will not only lead to Carbon s
Page 37 and 38: 7.2. Environmental benefits The fol

Pre-feasibility study for a CDM-AR project in the Cochabamba ...

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