5" day - Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture
5" day - Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture
5" day - Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture
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3. AQUACULTURE POND SOlL MANAG-<br />
Succcuful shrimp culUut depends on @ baran soil cadi. Some soils<br />
ma) hvc undc8imble popatca like po(enlial &id sulphrtc uidily. high organic<br />
muvr mIml or rxdvc pordty. On the ortm hmd, even if the site is good.<br />
problems my nil1 cmp up by the *rge qudty <strong>of</strong> inputs like feed and fertilizers.<br />
which I d lo -in @ylopbkkm prohrtion bm dluolwd oxygen. high<br />
ammonlr, poor bonom wil sondltion md other pablmu. Mon <strong>of</strong> ther problems<br />
can k avoided by proper mcmmgcmenl practices such as site selection, pond<br />
preparation, liming. modnate n<strong>of</strong>king etc.<br />
3.1 Pond prepmntkm<br />
kre uc variaur upcu in the pond prpolaion. which should k wried out<br />
befar the pond is urod for shrimp cub. By pad p~~puuion. it is meam to prepare<br />
Ih+ pond to haw cayari.l snvimnmcnt to the rMmp pon Lme IO live md grow in<br />
mdy m- w u to &In m.rleublc 8tu wlthin a crop dumion <strong>of</strong> 100 - 120<br />
<strong>day</strong>s. Pond pmpuuion is #ene~Ily dah lo two uu)aisr vit.. newly conmucted<br />
ponds and misting cultute pds. The main objectives <strong>of</strong> pond preparation arc to<br />
pmduce the shrimp with a clean pond base and appropriate nablc water qualit) b?<br />
ensuring the following<br />
(i) Removal <strong>of</strong> predatory and unwanted animals from the pond<br />
(ii) Removal <strong>of</strong> poimnoua pucr - obnoxious gases such as H2S. NH,, etc.<br />
(lii) Omemdon <strong>of</strong> nmvrl pduoclvtty In the c u b ponds.<br />
3.1.1 Nmly conrtncted ponds<br />
In newly dug out ponds, the characteristics <strong>of</strong> the soil has to be understood first<br />
before adopting the viuious measures to prepare the pond. Soil samples taken from<br />
different locations <strong>of</strong> h e pond arc thoroughly mixed together and a representative<br />
ponion is taken for analysis. Understanding <strong>of</strong> the soil parm helps to decide the<br />
management stmepies to k followed in tans <strong>of</strong> liming. manuring, fenilizaion.<br />
wlter Mnrprment *c.<br />
3.13 Pond prepantlon after h n m<br />
Before initiating 1 second cmp in r pond, the pond hu to k prcpued for<br />
stocking the shrimp post Irrvle. In this case, pond prepamtion is entirely different<br />
from that <strong>of</strong> a newly dug-out p d excepf for liming, feniliution and raising thc<br />
water kvel.<br />
3.1.2.1 Clanlag<br />
During pmduction cycle. considerable qwtity <strong>of</strong> waste nccumuiates in the<br />
ponds depending upon the cubre prauices, This waste must be moved to ensure<br />
sustained production in the pond. Remonl <strong>of</strong> mstc by draining md eing <strong>of</strong> the<br />
pond bottom after the production cycle arc sane <strong>of</strong> the aeps to be followed for<br />
keeping pond environment clean.<br />
3.133 Dnl.1.l <strong>of</strong> poa&<br />
The firn sep in pond papntkn is dminlng the pond 1fbr hwerc <strong>of</strong> the<br />
pteviou~ crop. This could k d m either by pumping or dnining through sluice. For
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