coaltech upper olifants river catchment wetland inventory ...

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5.3 Type Six wetland types have been included in the wetland layer. The wetlands were not further divided, due to the difficulties associated with classifying wetlands on an aerial photograph. The six types are perennial pans, non-perennial pans, seepage, floodplain riparian, non- floodplain riparian and artificial wetlands. Wetlands were only included under the artificial wetlands if the wetlands were obviously artificial. A number of artificial wetlands may therefore be included under the other wetland types, but has not been indicated as such, because they are not clearly identified on the aerial photographs. The wetland types were based on the wetland classification used by Palmer et al (2002). 5.4 Threats The threats included are the threats visible on the aerial photographs. The threats include disturbance such as agriculture, infrastructure, developments and damming. The most significant impacts are agriculture and infrastructure, with approximately 94% and 85% of the wetland area impacted by these activities, respectively. Approximately 53% of the wetlands are visibly impacted by damming, 37% by alien vegetation and by development, 20% by mining and less than 0.5% by industry and trampling. Wetlands may be impacted by activities such as mine water decanting and industrial pollution for great distances downstream of the activity. These impacts are mostly not visible on the aerial photographs and are therefore not included. Impacts on ground water quality and quantity is also not visible and could not be included. The impact of these activities may be far reaching and the impacts from mining and industry are probably more extensive than indicated in the database. 5.5 Status The five categories indicating the status of the wetland are on a gradient from 1 to 5, with 1 indicating a wetland that is destroyed and 5 a wetland in pristine condition. This is the most inaccurate of the attributes included in the table. The status of the wetlands is based on the aerial photographs and only a small portion of field verification. The status therefore could not be determined with much accuracy. Wetland Database for UORC - 82 -
Upon a request from DWAF the status of the wetland was converted to the Present Ecological State (PES) Categories for Reserve Determinations. These categories are included in the table below: ECOLOGICAL CATEGORY A Unmodified, natural. DESCRIPTION B Largely natural with few modifications. A small change in natural habitats and biota may have taken place but the ecosystem functions are essentially unchanged. C Moderately modified. Loss and change of natural habitat and biota have occurred, but the basic ecosystem functions are still predominantly unchanged. D Largely modified. A large loss of natural habitat, biota and basic ecosystem functions has occurred. E Seriously modified. The loss of natural habitat, biota and basic ecosystem functions is extensive. F Critically modified. Modifications have reached a critical level and the lotic system has been modified completely with an almost complete loss of natural habitat and biota. In the worst instances the basic ecosystem functions have been destroyed and the changes are irreversible In order to convert the scoring the following table was used: Status PES Category 1 E 2 D 3 C 4 B 5 A Both categories are indicated in the wetland database. 5.6 Connectivity Five categories were included to indicate the connectivity of the wetland to other wetlands. Wetland Database for UORC - 83 -
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COALTECH UPPER OLIFANTS RIVER CATCH
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The following aspects are included
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The most common wetland types in th
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The attributes allocated based on t
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6. DATABASE CONSTRAINTS............
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Addendums Addendum A - Plant specie
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Figure 1. Extent of the UORC (refer
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The aim of the wetland layer is to
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3.3 Wetland biodiversity Wetlands p
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Table 1: Species of concern Species
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Species name Common name Hottentot
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Species name Common name Cordylus g
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3.3.2 Birds Various bird species ut
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3.3.6 Fish The UORC has a low diver
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Figure 2. Schematic illustration of
Page 31 and 32: 3.4.1.2 Floodplain riparian Floodpl
Page 33 and 34: 3.4.4 Other non-riparian wetlands O
Page 35 and 36: 3.5.1.2 Groundwater recharge Variou
Page 37 and 38: More important in the removal of me
Page 39 and 40: The flow velocity in the channel of
Page 41 and 42: The most important fishing activity
Page 43 and 44: 3.5.6.3 Livestock Diseases Various
Page 45 and 46: 3.6.2 Mining and Quarrying There is
Page 47 and 48: • Dwars-in-die-wegspruit at the l
Page 49 and 50: 3.6.4 Burning Wetlands are burnt on
Page 51 and 52: 3.6.9 Alien Fauna and Flora 3.6.9.1
Page 53 and 54: Category 3 plant invaders are plant
Page 55 and 56: o The Fish Assemblage Integrity Ind
Page 57 and 58: Figure 4. The ecoregions of the Oli
Page 59 and 60: Sixteen fish species (four of which
Page 61 and 62: Figure 5. Extent of the UORC accord
Page 63 and 64: 3.9 Common wetland types in UORC Ac
Page 65 and 66: In a wetland assessment conducted a
Page 67 and 68: In a wetland study at Douglas Colli
Page 69 and 70: Figure 8. Status of assessed wetlan
Page 71 and 72: Figure 9. Portion of the wetland la
Page 73 and 74: Figure 11. Portion of the water bod
Page 75 and 76: Figure 13. Portion of the separated
Page 77 and 78: Figure 15. Portion of the wetland l
Page 79 and 80: Since the field verification site v
Page 81: Figure 18. Portion of the final wet
Page 85 and 86: 5.8 Functions The functions likely
Page 87 and 88: 5.11 Wetland types The entire catch
Page 89 and 90: 6. DATABASE CONSTRAINTS The greates
Page 91 and 92: Figure 21. The wetland in the UORC
Page 93 and 94: 8.2 Mapping o Small wetlands (of le
Page 95 and 96: The attributes in the attribute tab
Page 97 and 98: 10. REFERENCES Abbott Grobicki (Pty
Page 99 and 100: Goudie, A.S. & Thomas, D.S.G. 1985.
Page 101 and 102: Merot, P., Squividant, H., Aurousse
Page 103 and 104: Wilson, R.T. 2003. Animal health an
Page 105 and 106: Addendum A - Plan species list Wetl
Page 107 and 108: var. lachnantha Lamiaceae Ajuga oph
Page 109 and 110: Asteraceae Berkheya onopordifolia B
Page 111 and 112: Poaceae Chloris pycnothrix Chloroph
Page 113 and 114: Poaceae Boraginaceae incompletus Cy
Page 115 and 116: Poaceae Echinochloa cruspavonis * *
Page 117 and 118: Asteraceae Gamochaeta subfalcata Y
Page 119 and 120: Sterculiaceae Sterculiaceae Poaceae
Page 121 and 122: Cyperaceae Kyllinga erecta Kyllinga
Page 123 and 124: Asteraceae Nidorella anamola Nympho
Page 125 and 126: Polygonaceae Apiaceae Poaceae Apiac
Page 127 and 128: Brassicaceae Rorippa nudiuscula * *
Page 129 and 130: Poaceae Setaria verticillata * Malv
Page 131 and 132: Asteraceae Ursinia nana * * * Lenti
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Addendum B - Mammal species list We
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Cynictis Yellow Carnivora penicilla
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Addendum C - Bird species list Wetl
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Actitis hypoleucos Actophilornis Co
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Ceryle rudis Nectarinia Pied Kingfi
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Eremopterix verticalis Estrilda ast
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Netta erythrophthalma Numida meleag
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Spizocorys conirostris Pinkbilled L
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Addendum D - Reptile species list W
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Elapidae Naja haje Egyptian cobra X
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Group Species name Common name Pipi
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Addendum F - Fish species list Wetl
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Austroglansis sclateri X X Barbus a
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Phylum Group Species name Common na
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Arachnida Tanycypris obtusa Hydroze
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gibba Daphnia pulex Simocephalus ca
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Ischnura senegalensis Pseuddgrion s
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Micronecta sp. Micronecta piccanin
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Hydraenidae Hydrophilida e Berosus
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MOLLUSCA Simulium adersi Simulium ?
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