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294 A CYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF BLACK FLY SIMULIUM SIAMENSE (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) (NO. 765) Unchalee Lualon, Chaliow Kuvangkadilok and Visut Baimai Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidl University, Bangkok, 10400 The polytene chromosomes of the Simulium siamensis from 7 sites collected in western, northern Thailand were analyzed. At the least two cytotypes are recognized based primarily on two fixed inversions (IS-2 and IS-2,3) in the IS arm. Cytotype A represent two populations from Kaeng Krachan National Park, Petchaburi province. All males of cytotype A were IS-2 homozygotes (IS2-2) whereas all females were IS2,3 heterozygotes (IS-st/2,3). Therefore there is indication of sex-linkage associated with inversion sequence in this cytotype. Cytotype B consisting of three populations from Mae Hong Son province and two populations from Chaiyaphum province, showed nine floating inversions (IS-1, IS-4, IS-5, IL-1, IIL-2, IIL-3, IIIS-1 and IIIL-1) in five chromosome arms with low frequencies ranging from 0.01-0.27. All inversions in all populations except for the Huay Yuak population conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.05). (14 th International Symposium on Genetics, Genetics: Fromn Basics to Molecular Technology: March 11-13, 2005: BRT.) CYTOGENETICS OF BLACK FLY SIMULIUM TANI (DIPTERA : SIMULIIDAE) FROM THAILAND. (NO. 766) Ubon Tangkawanit 1 , Chaliow Kuvangkadilok 1 , Peter H. Adler 2 and Visut Baimai 1 1 Depart ment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10400; 2 Department of Entomology, Clemson University, South Carolina, USA. The plytene chromosomes of the Simulium tani from 5 sites collected in northern eastern and southern Thailand were analyzed. At least two cytotypes are recognized based primarily on one fixed inversion (IIIL-5,6) in the IIIL arm. Cytotype A represents one population from Morkpha waterfall, Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai province which is monomorphic. S. tani cytotype B consists of one population from southern Thailand (Muang Tuad waterfall, Surat Thani province) and three populations from eastern Thailand (Chanthaburi and Rayong provinces). All individuals of cytotype B are homozygous for IIIL-5,6. They also showed six floating inversion (IS-5, IS-6, IL-1, IIP-1, IIIL-7, and IIIL-10) in five chromosome arms with low frequencies ranging from 0.02-0.43. All inversion in all populations except for the Muang Tuad population conformed to Hardy-weinberg equilibrium (p>0.05). (14 th International Symposium on Genetics, Genetics: Fromn Basics to Molecular Technology: March 11-13, 2005: BRT.) Faculty of Science CYTOTAXONOMY OF BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) FROM THAILAND (NO. 767) Chaliow Kuvangkadilok 1 Chainarong Boonkemtong 2 Suwannee Phayuhasena 1 and Visut Baimai 1 1 Department of Biology , Faculty of Science , Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400; 2 National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Klong 1 , Klong Luang Pathumthani, 12120. Polytene chromosomes of eighteen Simulium species belonging to eight species-groups within four subgenera, i.e., subgenera Gomphostilbia, Nevermannia, Simulium and Montisimulium are described and the standard maps for the speciesgroups are presented. All Simulium species have a haploid number of three chromosomes (n=3) with decreasing in length from chromosomes to chromosomes ²²². The banding patterns and the positions of landmarks of the polytene chromosomes are species specific which can be used to identify the species especially the morphologically similar species. Eight species have low frequencies of paracentric inversions with no indication of sex linkage. This result showed no evidence of a sibling species complex within any taxon. Further cytological studies should provide more useful knowledge of species complexes of these Simulium species. (14 th International Symposium on Genetics, Genetics: Fromn Basics to Molecular Technology: March 11-13, 2005: BRT.) SPECIES DIVERSITY, DISTRIBUTION AND PARASITES OF BLACK FLY LARVAE (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) IN NORTHERN THAILAND (NO. 768) Sanae Jitklang 1 Chailow Kuvangkadilok 1 , Peter H.Adler 2 and Visut Baimai 1 1 Department of Biology , Faculty of Science , Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400; 2 Department of Entomology, Clemson University, South Carolina, USA. Species diversity , species distribution and parasites of black fly larvae collected from 10 northern province of Thailand in rainy season, winter and summer are presented. Based on the external morphological characters and polytene chromosome analyses, a total of 27 black fly species was identified. The abundance of twenty-six Simulium species was found in winter. However, twenty-four and twenty-three species were also presented in rainy season and summer, respectively. Additionally, these species had different distribution. Some species werw widely distributed in many provinces while a few species was restricted to one province. Moreover, preliminary study showed three types of parasites, i., nematodes, microsporidia and fungus in some Simulium larvae. (14 th International Symposium on Genetics, Genetics: Fromn Basics to Molecular Technology: March 11-13, 2005: BRT.) PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory Pro trial version http://www.pdffactory.com
Mahidol University Annual Research Abstracts, Vol. 33 295 PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF BLACK FIY SIMULIUM TANI (DIPTERA : SIMULIIDAE) INFERRED FROM MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCE (NO. 769) Pairot Pramual 1 Chaliow Kuvankadilow 1 Visut Baimai 1 and Catherine Walton 2 1 Department of Biology , Faculty of Science , Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400; 2 Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road M13 9PT England Phylogeography of 147 individuals from 16 populations of the black fly Simulium tani from Thailand was inferred using cytochrome oxidase ² gene of mitochondrial DNA. The mtDNA revealed high genetic differentiation between the major regions of north, east and central/south Thailand. Mismatch distributions indicate population expansions during the mid-Pleistocene and the late-Pleistocene suggesting that current population structure and diversity may be due to the species response to Pleistocene climatic fluctuations. Cytological investigation revealed that populations from the south and east have a fixed chromosomal inversion difference from the north and central. Since these populations also share ecological characteristics it suggests the inversion is involved in ecological adaptation. (14 th International Symposium on Genetics, Genetics: Fromn Basics to Molecular Technology: March 11-13, 2005: BRT.) PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC COMPARISONS REVEAL A BROAD DISTRIBUTION AND HETEROGENEITY OF HEMOLYSIN BL GENES AMONG BACILLUS CEREUS ISOLATES (NO. 770) Suwicha Thaenthanee 1 , Amy C. Lee Wong 2 , Watanalai Panbangred 1 1 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 2 Food Research Institute, Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology, University of Wisconsin, 1925 Willow Drive, Madison, USA. Key words : Hemolysin BL; Bacillus cereus; Heterogeneity, PCR The presence of hemolysin BL (HBL; components L 2 , L 1 and B) –encoding genes (hblC, hblD, and hblA) from 339 Bacillus cereus strains isolated in Thailand was determined. PCR analysis showed that all three hbl genes were detected in 222 strains (65.5%). Two one or no hbl genes were detected in 3(0.9%), 6 (1.8%) and 108 (31.8%) strains, respectively. Among the 222 strains in which all three hbl genes were detected 210 (61.9%) displayed discontinuous hemolysis (DH) characteristic of HBL producers, while 12 (3.5%) showed continuous hemolysis (CH) on sheep blood agar. Among strains in which none of the hbl genes was detected 97 (28.6%) displayed CH while 11 (3.2%) did not show hemolytic activity. Three strains in which two hbl genes were detected showed CH hblC was present in five of six strains where only one hbl gene was detected and all of them (designated SS-00-15, TG-00-06, TG- 00-14, F-00-25, and NR-01-49) showed DH. The Hpall restriction profiles for PCR fragments amplified from the hblC-A region in these five strains using hblC forward (FHC) and hblA reverse (RHA 2 ) primers displayed heterogeneous patterns, which indicated sequence variation. Western blot analysis using polyclonal antibodies (Pab) raised against HBL components purified from strain F837/76 showed that three of the five strains produced all three but not L 2 . The production of L 2 by these five strains was further analyzed using the Oxoid RPLA test. Three strains gave high titers (>64) whereas strains TG-00-06 and TG-00-14 showed lower titers of 16 and 32, respectively. The data show that HBL-encoding genes are widely distributed among B. cereus isolated in Thailand and there is high degree of heterogeneity in both the genes and proteins. This is the first report of a B cereus strain showing DH in which all three hbl genes and their proteins were not detected by both PCR primers and antibodies derived from prototype and type strains. The data also suggest that the L 2 component from strains TG-00-06 and TG-00- 14 may be antigenically very different from that of most B. cereus isolates. (International Journal of Food Microbiology (2005)) CONSTRUCTION OF THAI WORDNET LEXICAL DATABASE FROM MACHINE READABLE DICTIONARIES (NO. 771) Patanakul Sathapornrungkij and Charnyote Pluempitiwiriyawej Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University. patanakul@yahoo.com, cccpt@mahidol.ac.th Key words : Lexical Databases, WordNet We describe a method of constructing Thai WordNet, a lexical database in which Thai words are organized by their meanings. Our methodology takes WordNet and LEXiTRON machine-readable dictionaries into account. The semantic relations between English words in WordNet and the translation relations between English and Thai words in LEXiTRON are considered. Our methodology is operated via WordNet Builder system. This paper provides an overview of the WordNet Builder architecture and reports on some of our experience with the prototype implementation. (Proceeding of the 10 th Machine Translation Summit, pp. 87-92, September 12-16, 2005, Phuket, Thailand.) ROBOT ARM CONTROLLING BY USING THAI VOICE COMMANDS (NO. 772) Pornpanomchai, C., Saengsopee T. and Wongseree T. Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University. E-mail : cccpp@mahidol.ac.th Key words : Human voice commands, Robotic control, Thai speech recognition, Feature Extraction This research proposed a robot arm controlling by using real time Thai voice commands. The paper separated into three parts: The first part described motivation, Thai speech recognition technique and literature reviews. The second part demonstrated system model and implementation. The final part showed the experimental result and conclusion. The accuracy of the study is around 91.67% in the quiet room, 89.17% in an office environment and 65.83% in a noisy room. PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory Pro trial version http://www.pdffactory.com
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