Report on the State of Food Insecurity in Urban India, 2010 - M. S. ...

all the States except Rajasthan, West Bengal and
Bihar, while all have registered a decline in the
proportion of casual employment. Rajasthan had
the highest share of workers in self-employment
in 1993-94 and this further increased to 727 out of
1000 female workers being in the self-employed
category by 2004-05. To recapitulate, in the
case of males as well as females, the proportion
of workers in the self-employment category
has increased remarkably between 1993-94 and
2004-05. The pattern with respect to regular
employment is quite different between males and
Sl.
No.
DIMENSIONS OF FOOD INSECURITY IN URBAN INDIA 25
Table 2.4
females. Among females, regular employment has
registered an increase in all but three States (Bihar,
Rajasthan and West Bengal) while that has not been
the case with respect to male workers. Though the
preliminary analysis of the employment pattern
of workers in urban India illustrated a decline in
casual employment, it did not however reflect an
improvement in the employment situation per se.
The analysis carried out by NCEUS showed that the
increase in the numbers in the self-employment and
regular employment categories did not necessarily
point towards betterment in working conditions.
Status of Employment for Females in Urban Areas of Major States of India,
1993-94 to 2004-05
Status of Employment for Females
States
1993-
94
Self-Employment Regular Employment Casual Labour
1999-
2000
2004-
05
1993-
94
1999-
2000
2004-
05
1993-
94
1999-
2000
1 Andhra Pradesh 460 393 487 175 285 300 365 322 212
2 Assam 283 251 264 500 556 545 217 193 191
3 Bihar 426 513 471 265 252 250 309 235 279
4 Gujarat 426 419 429 241 264 303 333 317 268
5 Haryana 573 535 587 204 330 320 223 135 92
6 Karnataka 459 415 437 254 326 371 287 259 192
7 Kerala 458 509 426 266 319 381 276 172 193
8 Madhya Pradesh 451 504 403 239 172 328 310 324 270
9 Maharashtra 367 374 361 391 410 438 242 216 201
10 Orissa 377 460 379 291 212 352 332 328 269
11 Punjab 500 491 439 415 434 514 85 75 47
12 Rajasthan 638 653 727 202 209 186 160 138 87
13 Tamil Nadu 397 394 443 301 407 412 302 199 145
14 Uttar Pradesh 657 661 593 196 257 330 147 82 77
15 West Bengal 364 436 524 441 401 367 195 163 109
India 448 453 477 292 333 356 260 214 167
Note:
1. Status of employment is given for 1000 usually employed females
2. Definitions of employment category as in Table 2.3
Source: NSSO 1997b; NSSO 2001a; NSSO 2006
2004-
05