Wind Hazard Risk Assessment and Management for Structures

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Contents Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Review on Wind-Related Vulnerability Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2.1 Full-Scale Extreme-Wind Loss Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2.2 Qualitative Vulnerability Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2.3 Quantitative Vulnerability Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.2.4 Recent Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3 Objectives and Scope of Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.4 Organization of Dissertation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Chapter 2: Structural Components and Wind Directionality 13 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.2 Tropical-Cyclone Wind Time Series Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.2.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.2.2 Tropical Cyclone Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.2.3 Tropical Cyclone Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 vi
CONTENTS vii 2.2.4 Mean Boundary Layer Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.2.5 Three-Second Surface Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.2.6 Damage Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.2.7 Sample Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.3 Alternative Approaches to Wind-Load and Reliability Assessment . . . . . 24 2.3.1 Wind Load and Reliability Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.3.2 Time-Stepping Method and Point-in-Time Method . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.4 Numerical Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.4.1 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.4.2 Maximum Wind Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.4.3 Probability of Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.5 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2.6 Closing Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Chapter 3: Internal Pressure in Low-Rise Structures 40 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.2 Structural Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.3 External Wind Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3.4 Internal Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3.4.1 Florida Public Hurricane Loss Projection (FPHLP) Model . . . . . . . . 47 3.4.2 ASCE 7 Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 3.4.3 Eurocode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.5 Windborne Debris Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.6 Damage Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3.6.1 Component Failure Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3.6.2 System Failure Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Page 1 and 2: Wind Hazard Risk Assessment and Man
Page 3 and 4: Abstract Rising hurricane damages o
Page 5: me, has given me countless fun time
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS ix 5.3 Hazard model . . .
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF FIGURES xi 3.4 Distribution
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF FIGURES xiii 5.12 Examples
Page 15 and 16: 1.1 Overview Chapter 1 Introduction
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1. Introduction 3 fessions
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 1. Introduction 5 Table 1.3
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 1. Introduction 7 Between 7
Page 23 and 24: 1.2.4 Recent Developments Chapter 1
Page 25 and 26: Chapter 1. Introduction 11 of low-r
Page 27 and 28: Chapter 2 Structural Components and
Page 29 and 30: Chapter 2. Structural Components an
Page 31 and 32: (deg) V (m/s) 60 40 20 0 180 90 0 9
Page 49 and 50: NEGATIVE WALL PRESSURE (COV = 0.509
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 3. Internal Pressure in Low
Page 57 and 58:
Chapter 3. Internal Pressure in Low
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design guidelines. Chapter 3. Inter
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3.4.3 Eurocode Chapter 3. Internal
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Page 67 and 68:
Wind Speed & Wind Direction Chapter
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(a) STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 (b) STEP 1
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Mean Loss Ratio WITHOUT WINDBORNE D
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Maximum Percentage Increase in Mean
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3.8 Discussion Chapter 3. Internal
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Chapter 4 Integrated Multi-Structur
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Chapter 4. Integrated Multi-Structu
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LEGEND Roof sheathing onnection ind
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DAMAGE ANALYIS USING MAXIMUM WIND V
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Chapter 5. Long-Term Risk Assessmen
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(a) Change in Mean Frequency / Year
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(a) Change in Mean Frequency / Year
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simulated. Chapter 5. Long-Term Ris
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Percentage Change in Mean Frequency
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Expected Total Structural Damage Co
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Structural Damage Ratio 1 0.9 0.8 0
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Chapter 6 Conclusions and Future Wo
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Chapter 6. Conclusions and Future W
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Chapter 6. Conclusions and Future W
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Bibliography American Meteorologica
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 131 Federal Emergency
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 133 over the gulf of S
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 135 Lin, N., Vanmarcke
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 137 Rosowsky, D. and C
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 139 Vanmarcke, E., Lin
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Wind Hazard Risk Assessment and Management for Structures

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