From the forest to the consumer - GVces - Fundação Getulio Vargas

More documents

Recommendations

Info

tool for conservation, mainly in areas under intense deforestation pressure. It is clear that these pristine areas are important for the livelihood of rural communities, especially in developing countries. According to the TEEB study, ecosystem services account for 47% to 89% of income of the poorest people, a segment of the population that occupies the frontline in the supply of forest products, including wood. The numbers are alarming. Nonetheless, they could have a different scale if policies and tools for sustainable production and consumption of forest products were put in place. Studies demonstrate that forests are the origin of approximately 5 thousand commercial products. The forestry sector alone accounts for 2% of the global economy according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment published in 2005. The economy of the forest Timber products account for most of the income generated from forests. FAO’s data indicates that between 2003 and 2007, the forestry sector’s revenues exceeded 100 billion dollars annually. Since 1961 global exports have increased 25 fold. The value of non-timber forest products, especially food, was estimated to be 18.5 billion dollars in 2005. In Brazil, the forest economy involves substantial numbers and affects the social and economic conditions in the Amazon, home to 21 million people. Timber logs are an important resource and account for almost half (47%) of revenues from the use of native forests in Brazil as a whole. In the Amazon, that proportion reaches two thirds of revenues. These numbers were extracted from research done at the Federal University in São Carlos and at the School of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz at the University of São Paulo. Aiming to build a social matrix for the Legal Amazon (a socio-geographic division that covers the entire Amazon Basin), the study shows the importance of forestry to social development in the Amazon, a region that covers 59% of the country’s territory but accounts for only 14% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). 15
16 The production of timber from native trees is a significant source of jobs and income in the forest, as well as throughout the supply chain until the product reaches the consumer as furniture, new houses or buildings. However, Amazon production has been declining in recent years according to the Forest Facts 2010 report by the Institute for Men and the Environment – Imazon (see chapter 2). Several factors explain this decline, among them the strengthening of the Brazilian real against the American dollar and increasing efforts by the government to stop illegal logging. Production numbers for the whole of Brazil reveal the enormous size of illegal activities within the logging industry, past and present (see chapter 3), as well as the significant potential for sustainable management. The latter is a viable and legal way to supply industries with forest raw materials and reclaim the space previously taken by illegal activities. Protection strategies Natural stocks are immense. The Amazon holds more than 356 million hectares of natural forest and 84.7% of the native wood available in all of Brazil’s biomes according to the Brazilian Forest Services (SFB). Most of these resources might be used sustainably, given that the government finds solutions to landholding issues and other problems that limit progress in the region. If the forest is managed for low impact – and that tool is used as a mechanism to increase the value and conservation of natural resources –, there are billions of dollars to be made. Many countries protect their forests to secure fresh water sources and to reduce the spread of degradation, which affects one fourth of the planet’s soils. Conservation reduces erosion of riverbanks and slopes, and regulates the infiltration during groundwater recharge, says the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The water supply of 35 of the world’s largest 105 cities comes from forested watersheds. Deforestation could dry up the natural springs that feed rivers, cause
Page 1 and 2: forest, all the while maintaining t
Page 3 and 4: This is a publication by the Center
Page 5 and 6: Preface Illegal logging causes a nu
Page 8 and 9: Forests under the spotlight Forests
Page 10 and 11: 1 Forests under the spotlight The w
Page 12 and 13: million hectares over the last 10 y
Page 14 and 15: can naturally replace, causing nega
Page 18 and 19: the silting of rivers, seriously da
Page 20 and 21: 666.732 850.530 The world’s nativ
Page 22 and 23: e overcome, a behavior change is ne
Page 24 and 25: the last five years and it is now k
Page 26 and 27: sUMMAry THE iMporTAncE oF ForEsTs N
Page 28 and 29: 2 A Chain reaction Opportunities, o
Page 30 and 31: forest management techniques use mo
Page 32 and 33: much larger however, with the curre
Page 34 and 35: Almost half of the state of Acre -
Page 36 and 37: scale of their production despite c
Page 38 and 39: Consumption Regional markets use pa
Page 40 and 41: the lower production,” says Santo
Page 42 and 43: another working day in the forest.
Page 44 and 45: forests can regenerate and maintain
Page 46 and 47: damage, but is also linked to schem
Page 48 and 49: from the genus Tabebuia) and jacara
Page 50 and 51: The power of markets against negati
Page 52 and 53: State Logging in the Legal Amazon R
Page 54 and 55: Forest Certification (PEFC), an int
Page 56 and 57: out, experiments carried out since
Page 58 and 59: However, tree species that were hea
Page 60 and 61: - the current limit is 1.5 thousand
Page 62 and 63: SuMMARy oPPoRTunITIES Forest manage
Page 64 and 65: 3 In pursuit of legal production T
Page 66 and 67:
encircle the planet ten times. Caus
Page 68 and 69:
logged could be converted to pastur
Page 70 and 71:
17% of Amazon timber is consumed in
Page 72 and 73:
Technical and legal experts analyze
Page 74 and 75:
of Acará, in the state of Pará. T
Page 76 and 77:
“The right thing to do would be t
Page 78 and 79:
police officer Fernando Berbert, he
Page 80 and 81:
for licenses and submit management
Page 82 and 83:
The legal harvest of some species,
Page 84 and 85:
3 To have the management plan appro
Page 86 and 87:
The different electronic systems sh
Page 88 and 89:
the sites to check how many trees w
Page 90 and 91:
©Sérgio Adeodato ©iStockphoto Af
Page 92 and 93:
Bruno Barbosa. To solve the problem
Page 94 and 95:
There is illegal logging within con
Page 96:
and follow the environmental requir
Page 99 and 100:
98 ©iStockphoto
Page 101 and 102:
100 can do within the borders of ou
Page 103 and 104:
102 patios, and if its stocks match
Page 105 and 106:
104 A thousand ways to use timber S
Page 107 and 108:
106 He points out that even the ind
Page 109 and 110:
108 and users of timber - present i
Page 111 and 112:
110 First, the challenge is to moni
Page 113 and 114:
112 In 2000, the Institute for Tech
Page 115 and 116:
114 The state government of São Pa
Page 117 and 118:
116 datory for the state to conside
Page 119 and 120:
118 Timber connections how consumpt
Page 121 and 122:
120 up closing his sawmill. Today,
Page 123 and 124:
122 the minimum prices,” says Sou
Page 125 and 126:
124 As for timber, new attitudes ar
Page 127 and 128:
126 Glossary Biodiversity or biolog
Page 129:
128 Bibliography ADEODATO, S. Amaz
show all

From the forest to the consumer - GVces - Fundação Getulio Vargas

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?