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tomentose margins; rachillae 38(28–43), glabrous or scarcely tomentose initially; proximal rachillae 13.0(9.0–19.0) cm long, 1.2(0.9–1.7) mm wide; stamens 9(8–11); fruits 15.2(12.1–18.6) mm long, 12.7(10.3– 16.2) mm wide, the surfaces uneven with numerous, subepidermal, short, often branching (Y-shaped) fibers; fruiting corollas less than one quarter as long as fruits, splitting irregularly into 3 lobes, the lobes often splitting again; endocarps globose to obovoid with rounded or slightly peaked apices, the pores lateral. Distribution and habitat:—From 13°03’–18°35’N and 84°58’–96°24’W in southern Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, and Veracruz), Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua at 187(10–550) m elevation in lowland rainforest, often in limestone areas (Fig. 5). FIGURE 5. Distribution maps of Desmoncus chinantlensis, D. cirrhifer, D. costaricensis, and D. giganteus. Taxonomic notes:—There are three original collections from Oaxaca of Desmoncus chinantlensis— Liebmann 6594, 6595, and 6596, none of which was cited by Martius. Bailey (1933; see also Schultes 1940) designated Liebmann 6595 from C as lectotype, and this specimen is illustrated by Dahlgren (1959, plate 180). Bailey noted that this specimen was somewhat different from the other two specimens, both at US. This is probably because the leaf represented by the lectotype is from a young plant. Leaves of young plants, which are frequently collected, have rachises which often lack spines and pinnae which are shorter, ovate, strongly clustered, and lack spines at the bases. Bartlett (1935) described five species from Belize and Guatemala, none of which are recognized here. One of these, D. anomalus has narrow pinnae and pistillate flowers with unusual staminodes. Another 20 Phytotaxa 35 © 2011 Magnolia Press HENDERSON
specimen (Cook 53) from the same locality has normal pinnae and staminodes. Both Desmoncus quasillarius and D. uaxactunensis were said to have peduncular bracts ‘entirely or nearly unarmed’ or ‘almost unarmed’, but both are spiny as in other specimens. Subspecific variation:—There is no geographic disjunction except for an outlying specimen from Nicaragua, but this is likely to be an artifact of insufficient collecting. Two specimens from Honduras (Evans 1702, Saunders 553) have somewhat tomentose rachillae, more like those of Desmoncus moorei. Other specimens from Honduras have less pronounced beards of spines at the pinnae bases, although this may be because they represent young leaves. 2. Desmoncus cirrhifer Gentry & Zardini in Gentry (1988: 1436), as “cirrhifera”. Type:—COLOMBIA. Valle: Bahía Malaga, 0 m, 4°02'N, 76°15'W, 16 December 1985, A. Gentry, M. Monsalve, C. Restrepo & J. Gamboa 53392 (holotype CUVC n.v., isotypes MO!, COL n.v., K!). Plants 11.0(3.0–20.0) m tall; stems 2.0(1.2–3.0) cm diameter, clustered. Leaf petioles 10.8(7.0–16.5) cm long; rachises 105.3(91.0–117.0) cm long, 6.0(4.0–8.1) mm wide, the spines usually 1 cm long, mostly adaxial or lateral, straight with briefly swollen bases; pinnae 9(8–10) per side of rachis, without long, filiform apices, A REVISION OF DESMONCUS (ARECACEAE) Phytotaxa 35 © 2011 Magnolia Press 21
Page 1 and 2: Phytotaxa 35: 1-88 (2011) www.mapre
Page 3 and 4: Table of contents Abstract . . . .
Page 5 and 6: Species delimited under the PSC fun
Page 7 and 8: Environmental variation Linear regr
Page 9 and 10: A REVISION OF DESMONCUS (ARECACEAE)
Page 15 and 16: Plants of Desmoncus are monoecious
Page 17 and 18: own tomentose, sparsely to densely
Page 19: any apparent subepidermal fibers ..
Page 23 and 24: Taxonomic notes:—Desmoncus gigant
Page 25 and 26: Inflorescences peduncular bracts 30
Page 27 and 28: Distribution and habitat:—From 0
Page 29 and 30: latisectus has narrower stems, shor
Page 31 and 32: 11. Desmoncus madrensis Henderson,
Page 33 and 34: and in Martius (1823-1837) as “fl
Page 35 and 36: Leaf sheaths densely and finely spi
Page 37 and 38: with a well-developed axillary pulv
Page 39 and 40: 16. Desmoncus osensis Henderson, sp
Page 41 and 42: arranged rachillae, each rachilla s
Page 43 and 44: acts and are referred to the ulei m
Page 45 and 46: Two specimens (dos Santos 75, Rabel
Page 47 and 48: or dense tomentum; basal pinna 13.1
Page 49 and 50: Regnum Vegetabile 120: 1-693. Isnar
Page 51 and 52: tomentose margins (rarely without s
Page 53 and 54: Appendix III. Excluded Names This l
Page 55 and 56: Desmoncus setosus var. mitescens Dr
Page 57 and 58: Appendix IV, Plate 2. A REVISION OF
Page 61 and 62: Appendix IV, Plates 6-12. Isotype o
Page 65 and 66: Appendix IV, Plate 10. A REVISION O
Page 71 and 72:
Appendix IV, Plate 16. Isotype of D
Page 73 and 74:
Appendix IV, Plates 18-19. Isotype
Page 75 and 76:
Appendix IV, Plates 20-21. Isotype
Page 77 and 78:
Appendix V. Numerical List of Taxa
Page 79 and 80:
Chardon, C. s.n (5.2) Chávez, F. 6
Page 81 and 82:
Henderson, A. 36 (19); 62 (13); 178
Page 83 and 84:
Núñez, P. 10015 (11); 10483 (11);
Page 85 and 86:
Velez, I. 2308 (5.2) Vester, H. 71
Page 87 and 88:
Desmoncus ataxacanthus . . . . . .
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