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Table 2.1: Breakdown of 2003-2006 excavations at Nachvak Village (lgCx-3). Feature Nalure of Excavalion Area Year Year arne Feature (Number of 1m x Excavations Excavations 1m Units) Began Ended House 2 Bilobate 45 2003 2003 (H2) House House 2 Midden 4 2006 2006 Midden (H2M) House 4 Single-lobed 24 2006 2006 (H4) House House 6 Single-lobed 30 2004 2005 (H6) House House 10 Midden 4 2006 2006 Midden (HIOM) House 12 Bilobate 40 2004 2005 (H12l House excavated in 2006. Weather and time constraints prevented excavation beneath the floor tiles and sleeping platforms. There is more to be learned about the hypothesized tunnel area as it was not excavated as deeply as the remainder ofthe house. Like other Inuit semi-subterranean houses. House 4 also appears \0 have been altered from its original configuration. Flag stones appeared to continue underneath the sleeping platfonn, possibly extending well into the rear ofthe house. suggesting that the house was reused and made smaller over lime. 23
Fully excavated over the 2004 and 2005 field seasons. House 6 is a single-lobe house with a large intact lintel, sleeping platform and lamp stands. Unlike House 4 it also had a clear tunnel area that was repaved repeatedly during use. Deposition of roofing sod and anifacts indicate that House 6 may have been used as a midden for adjacent houses, sometime after it was abandoned. Excavated at the same time as House 6. House 12 consisted ofa large bilobate structure with two well defined living areas. each with their own sleeping platforms and lamps stands. It also had a distinct tunnel that extended beyond the excavation area. Some evidence of European goods was uncovered. such as iron. the occasional nail and copper tubing. The House 10 midden was located just outside the enlrance tunnel of House 10. Excavation involved a 3m by 1m trench. with an additional 1m 2 placed ofT the southern wall ofthe middle unit. Excavation ofthe Nachvak Village area revealed a number ofsemi-subterranean winter houses of various sizes and configurations. all first occupied in the precontact time period. The relative lack of European items at Nachvak Village reinforces the notion that the whole village would have been abandoned by about 1700 A.D. (Whitridge 2004). 24
Page 5: An Experimental Approach to Inuit G
Page 8 and 9: I would also like to thank the fiel
Page 10 and 11: Table of Conlenls Abstract Acknowle
Page 12 and 13: 4.2.4 Finished tools 4.3 Conclusion
Page 14 and 15: List of Tables Table 1.1: Examples
Page 16 and 17: Figure 4.28: Large adze blades from
Page 18 and 19: Chapter I; Inlroduction The focus o
Page 21 and 22: past. Such experimentation may also
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 7 establishes a link betwee
Page 25 and 26: Practicing a "modified maritime ada
Page 27 and 28: By the time the Inuit came to Labra
Page 29 and 30: chipped stone tools were formed wit
Page 31 and 32: smaller than their slate counterpar
Page 33 and 34: may be possible to eventually pinpo
Page 35: Peter Whitridge from Memorial Unive
Page 42 and 43: Chapter 3: Theorelical Framework Th
Page 45 and 46: While following the described produ
Page 47 and 48: manufacture. While some stress the
Page 49: 3.4 Cognition and the Constellation
Page 53 and 54: Fitzhugh 1980). The Inuit propensit
Page 55: The drilling technique required to
Page 58 and 59: additional thought processes that m
Page 60 and 61: Chapler 4: Ground Stone Tool Descri
Page 63 and 64: ,_ manufacturing anvil 0.0 0.0 0.0
Page 67 and 68: 4. I. I. I Weapon Blades Weapon bla
Page 69 and 70: All more or less triangular in shap
Page 71: 4././.1.2 Lance End Blades Much lar
Page 74 and 75: distinguished from the harpoon head
Page 76: difTerent sizes and styles for difT
Page 80: g Figure 4.9: Large uluit, baleen s
Page 84 and 85: d Figure 4.13: Ground slone blanks
Page 86: dry while cutting the whale and hau
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appear too thin and brittle to have
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2001: 142), it also enabled the Inu
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the same time providing a natural i
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z Figure 4.22: Drill bilS, awls and
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technique" (LeMoine 1997:25). This
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Figure 4.29: Alternative use of 'la
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Figure 4.30: Small adze blades, bea
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On average. the nephrite beads are
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Once a portion ofslate is deemed su
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As wilh flintknapping ofcherts and
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4.2./.3 Whelslones The Concise Oxfo
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High numbers of line grained whetst
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4.2.1.3.2 Distribution ojWhetstones
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Whetstones were separated by estima
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While seven slabs of unworked slate
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can reveal much about the manufactu
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smallest, most abundant type of fla
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lade. If found individually. scatte
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Looking at analogous examples of ne
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performing the same function as wat
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incredible toughness and ability to
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1975). Three areas on the island of
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Figure 5.2: Partially worked nephri
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when they are broken from a larger
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show extensive polish on at least o
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available to the tool maker. Recogn
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One ofthe problems that plague expe
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implements. For this initial foray
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mechanical sander was useless. and
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6.4.4. J Experiment 5: Preform Prod
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I was clearly doing something wrong
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pressure was also applied to the wh
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manufacture. Larger nephrite drill
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and used in this test, rather than
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String: The sIring needed to be coa
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I. An initial groove was made in ea
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alternatively the material being wo
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forms, tools and debitage. it is ea
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essentially immutable, namely worki
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products and finished tools shows t
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to finished tool fleshes out the ch
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eventually be able to minimize such
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lithic assemblages. The chaine opCr
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DitTerences in the media being dril
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nephrite use may also lead to a bet
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An experimental approach cannot be
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needed, once again requiring the to
Page 207 and 208:
Dobres, Marcia-Anne 2001 Meaning in
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Jeske. Roben 1992 Energetic Efficie
Page 215 and 216:
Whitridge, Peter 1999 The Construct
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An Experimental Approach to Inuit G
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